Transfer in Implicit Learning

The article describes the research, the aim of which is to discover the effect of transfer of the implicit knowledge of artificial grammar to solving of sensory-motor tasks. The article considers the role of implicit knowledge in actual cognitive activity. Forty volunteers took part in the experiment. Participants of the experiment wereimplicitly taught the rule of artificial grammar. At the control phase, the assignment consisted of solving the sensory-motor problem – to react to the appearance of the green or yellow circle by pressing a certain key. In the experimental group, the grammatical line always appeared before the green-colored circle was presented, and the ungrammatical line appeared before the yellow-colored circle. In the control group the color of the circle didn’t depend on the grammaticality of the line. As a result, we established the considerable reduction in the reaction time in the experimental group. Thus, the transfer of the implicitly learned knowledge of artificial grammar leads to enhancement of efficiency of sensory-motor activity. The implicit rule of artificialgrammar has acquired role of prime-stimulation. Keywords: implicit knowledge, implicit learning, artificial grammar learning, sensorymotor activity, transfer effect, primin

Bremsstrahlung response of a homogeneous magnetoactive plasma to a gravitational wave

We construct a numerical model of the bremsstrahlung response of a homogeneous magnetoactive plasma to a gravitational wave with e + polarization. The dependence of the electromagnetic response on the plasma and gravitational wave parameters is determined. © 2010 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Noble gases from the interstellar medium trapped on the MIR space station and analyzed by in vacuo etching

Introduction: The composition of the present interstellar medium (ISM) provides an important benchmark in cosmochemistry. It serves as a reference for galactic chemical evolution (GCE) models, solar mixing predictions and provides information for understanding Big Bang nucleosynthesis. The present-day ISM 3He abundance allows, combined with the protosolar 3He, deduced from the Jovian atmosphere or meteorites [1,2], tracing the GCE over the past 4.56 Ga. 3He/4He = (2.5 0.6) x 10-4 has been determined for the local ISM [3]. However, the uncertainty is too large to better constrain GCE models and - in combination with the present-day solar wind value - the protosolar D/H [4]

Study of the radical products of the thermal decomposition of nitrocellulose

The thermal transformations of nitrocellulose are accompanied by the formation of RN02 - radicals and allyl radicals. A mechanism for the formation of these radicals was proposed. © 1990 Plenum Publishing Corporation

TRANSIENT ELECTROMAGNETIC SOUNDING IN 2D, 3D, AND 4D MODES: SEQUENCE OF GEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION ACTIVITIES

From 1980s, electromagnetic prospecting is an integral component of geophysical techniques for oil and gas exploration in many regions of the Russian Federation. Electromagnetic methods are used at all stages of geological exploration, including reconnaissance, discovery, prospecting and appraisal, and economic mining. In oil and gas exploration, the most commonly used technique is the near-field transient electromagnetic sounding (TEM). On the other hand, for each of these stages, specific tasks of electromagnetic prospecting have not been clearly defined yet. Furthermore, there are no standard requirements to the volume of a priori geological and geophysical information, which is sufficient for solving a geological problem. If such information is lacking or insufficient, a geological problem may be incorrectly stated and/or improperly correlated with the current stage of works. Our study aims to define which geological problems should be addressed by electromagnetic survey at the different stages of geological exploration, and to specify the requirements to the availability of a priori geological and geophysical information. We have analyzed the electromagnetic data from the regions of East and West Siberia, which have different geological settings. The main geological problems that can be solved by the seismic and electromagnetic techniques are determined. We propose a set of geophysical survey operations, which is optimal for oil and gas exploration. An effective sequence of electromagnetic prospecting stages is determined, and preliminary and accompanying surveys are specified. The requirements to the availability of a priori information are proposed, and its volume is defined. Geological problems are defined with respect to the corresponding stages of geological exploration. Special attention is given to approaches to the mineral resource estimation and calculation of hydrocarbon reserves, taking into account electromagnetic survey results. It is proposed to use the electromagnetic data at the stage of prospecting and appraisal, which aims to assess the resources of categories Dl and D0, as well as at the exploration stage for estimating the reserves of category C2 in new and explored fields. Approaches to the economic assessment of using electromagnetic surveys as part of the geological exploration are discussed. Our study shows that a correct sequence of electromagnetic prospecting operations at each stage can ensure obtaining an original geological dataset of the given stage and thus providing a proper basis for the next stage of oil-gas field investigation

Motion and Interaction of Magnetic Dislocations in Alternating Magnetic Field

Abstract The behavior of magnetic dislocations (MDs) in an alternating harmonic magnetic field in iron garnets has been experimentally investigated. The results are presented for single-crystal plates in which the drift of domain walls is observed in fields of sound frequencies. It is found that MDs in a stripe domain structure are able to move not only along but also across domain walls. A pairwise interaction between magnetic dislocations when they approach each other to distances on the order of the sizes of the cores of MDs is revealed. The processes of the annihilation, mutual passing of magnetic dislocations through each other and overtaking are found. The features of the dynamic behavior of MDs are explained using a mechanism based on the presence of vertical Bloch lines in a structure of domain walls. MDs are formed at nucleation centers, and their nucleation field is lower than the drift-starting field, which corresponds to previously proposed dislocational mechanism of the drift. The dependencies of quantitative parameters of the drift and MDs on amplitude and frequency of the pumping field are determined. The behavior of MDs should be considered when analyzing the mechanisms for magnetization and temperature-dependent phase transitions in magnetic layers

Ultrabright single-photon emission from germanium-vacancy zero-phonon lines: deterministic emitter-waveguide interfacing at plasmonic hot spots

Striving for nanometer-sized solid-state single-photon sources, we investigate atom-like quantum emitters based on single germanium-vacancy (GeV) centers isolated in crystalline nanodiamonds (NDs). Cryogenic characterization indicated symmetry-protected and bright (>106 counts/s with off-resonance excitation) zero-phonon optical transitions with up to 6-fold enhancement in energy splitting of their ground states as compared to that found for GeV centers in bulk diamonds (i.e. up to 870 GHz in highly strained NDs vs. 150 GHz in bulk). Utilizing lithographic alignment techniques, we demonstrate an integrated nanophotonic platform for deterministic interfacing plasmonic waveguides with isolated GeV centers in NDs, which enables 10-fold enhancement of single-photon decay rates along with the emission direction control by judiciously designing and positioning a Bragg reflector. This approach allows one to realize the unidirectional emission from single-photon dipolar sources, thereby opening new perspectives for the realization of quantum optical integrated circuits

New Superhard Phases for 3D C60-based Fullerites

We have explored new possible phases of 3D C60-based fullerites using semiempirical potentials and ab-initio density functional methods. We have found three closely related structures - two body centered orthorhombic and one body centered cubic - having 52, 56 and 60 tetracoordinated atoms per molecule. These 3D polymers result in semiconductors with bulk moduli near 300 GPa, and shear moduli around 240 GPa, which make them good candidates for new low density superhard materials.Comment: To be published in Physical Review Letter