Turner syndrome and associated problems in turkish children: A multicenter study

Objective: Turner syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal disorder caused by complete or partial X chromosome monosomy that manifests various clinical features depending on the karyotype and on the genetic background of affected girls. This study aimed to systematically investigate the key clinical features of TS in relationship to karyotype in a large pediatric Turkish patient population. Methods: Our retrospective study included 842 karyotype-proven TS patients aged 0-18 years who were evaluated in 35 different centers in Turkey in the years 2013-2014. Results: The most common karyotype was 45,X (50.7%), followed by 45,X/46,XX (10.8%), 46,X,i(Xq) (10.1%) and 45,X/46,X,i(Xq) (9.5%). Mean age at diagnosis was 10.2±4.4 years. The most common presenting complaints were short stature and delayed puberty. Among patients diagnosed before age one year, the ratio of karyotype 45,X was significantly higher than that of other karyotype groups. Cardiac defects (bicuspid aortic valve, coarctation of the aorta and aortic stenosi) were the most common congenital anomalies, occurring in 25% of the TS cases. This was followed by urinary system anomalies (horseshoe kidney, double collector duct system and renal rotation) detected in 16.3%. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis was found in 11.1% of patients, gastrointestinal abnormalities in 8.9%, ear nose and throat problems in 22.6%, dermatologic problems in 21.8% and osteoporosis in 15.3%. Learning difficulties and/or psychosocial problems were encountered in 39.1%. Insulin resistance and impaired fasting glucose were detected in 3.4% and 2.2%, respectively. Dyslipidemia prevalence was 11.4%. Conclusion: This comprehensive study systematically evaluated the largest group of karyotype-proven TS girls to date. The karyotype distribution, congenital anomaly and comorbidity profile closely parallel that from other countries and support the need for close medical surveillance of these complex patients throughout their lifespan. © Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology

Microstructural analysis with graded and non-graded indium in InGaN solar cell

In this study are graded and non graded InGaN/GaN samples grown on c-oriented sapphire substrate using the Metal Organic Chemical Vapour Deposition (MOCVD) technique. The structural and morphological properties of the grown InGaN/GaN solar cell structures are analyzed using High Resolution X-ray Diffraction (HRXRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM). Each structures c and a lattice parameters strain, biaxial strain, hydrostatic strain, stress, lattice relax, tilt angle, mosaic crystal size, dislocation densities of GaN and InGaN layers are determined by XRD measurements. In accordance with these calculations, the effect of graded structure on the defects, are discussed. As a dramatic result; although values of full width at half maximum (FWHM) are broad, a considerable decrease at dislocations is noticed. The AFM observations have revealed that the two dimensional growth of the graded sample is more significant and its roughness value is lower. JV measurements shown that the performance of the graded structure is higher. It is determined that all test results are consistent with each other. © Copyright 2017 by American Scientific Publishers. All rights reserved

Examination of the temperature related structural defects of InGaN/GaN solar cells

In this study the effects of the annealing temperature on the InGaN/GaN solar cells with different In-contents grown on sapphire substrate by the Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) are analyzed by High Resolution X-ray Diffraction (HRXRD) and an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). The plane angles, mosaic crystal sizes, mixed stress, dislocation intensities of the structure of the GaN and InGaN layers are determined. According to the test results, there are no general characteristic trends observed due to temperature at both structures. There are fluctuating failures determined at both structures as of 350 °C. The defect density increased on the GaN layer starting from 350 °C and reaching above 400 °C. A similar trend is observed on the InGaN layer, too. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Ameliorative effects of Hesperidin on radiation induced brain injury in rats

Background: Extensive research has been focused on radiation induced brain injury. Animal and human studies have shown that flavonoids have remarkable toxicological profiles. This study aims to investigate the neuroprotective effects of hesperidin in an experimental radiation induced brain injury. Materials and Methods: 32 adult male Wistar-Albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (control, hesperidin, radiation, and radiation+hesperidin groups; 8 rats in each group). 200 mg/kg doses of hesperidin were administered to the animals in the hesperidin and radiation+ hesperidin groups, radiation and radiation+ hesperidin groups were exposed to a dose of 20 Gy cranium region. Tissue samples, and biochemical levels of tissue injury markers in four groups were compared. Results: In all measured parameters of oxidative stress, administration of hesperidin significantly demonstrated favorable effects. Both plasma and tissue levels of malondialdehyde and total antioxidant status significantly changed in favor of antioxidant activity. Histopathological evaluation of the tissues also demonstrated significant decrease in cellular degeneration and infiltration parameters after hesperidin administration. Conclusion: This Hesperidin demonstrated significant neuroprotection after radiation induced brain injury. Further studies with different experimental settings including neurological outcome are required to achieve conclusive results. © 2019 Novin Medical Radiation Institute. All rights reserved

Protective effects of quercetin on intestinal damage caused by ionizing radiation [Radyasyona bağlı ıntestinal hasarda quercetin’in koruyucu etkisi]

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective use of quercetin in a rat model of radiation-induced enteritis and colitis. Methods: Twenty four adult rats were randomly divided into four groups. Group SHAM was given only physiological saline, group QUER was given quercetin 50 mg/kg for 15 days, group RAD was given only irradiation and group QUER+RAD was given quercetin 50 mg/kg, and then irradiated. Twenty four hours after the exposure to radiation, all rats were euthanized for the evaluation of the ileum and colon morphology and biochemical measurements. Results: Compared with the SHAM group, the serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level was significantly higher in group RAD (p=0.004) and was significantly decreased in group QUER+RAD (p=0.015). The MDA levels in the ileum and colon tissues were significantly higher in group RAD (p=0.004 and p=0.002, respectively), while treatment with quercetin significantly reduced lipid peroxidation in both tissues in group QUER+RAD (p=0.015 and p=0.009, respectively). Compared with the control group, the serum total antioxidant status (TAS) level was significantly lower in Group RAD (p=0.002) and was significantly increased in group QUER+RAD (p=0.009). TAS in the ileum and colon tissues were significantly lower in group RAD (p=0.002 and p=0.002) and were significantly higher in both tissues in group QUER+RAD (p=0.002 and p=0.002, respectively). Conclusion: This study confirmed that, in the model of radiationinduced ileitis and colitis in rats, quercetin effectively decreased oxidative stress and inflammatory damage to both ileum and colon tissues. © 2018 by The Medical Bulletin of University of Health Sciences Haseki Training and Research Hospital The Medical Bulletin of Haseki published by Galenos Yayinevi