Molecular characterization of salt stress in grapevine cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.) and rootstocks

Salt stress is an important factor inducing the expression of many genes; e.g. the osmotin gene is one of the very important genes responding to NaCl stress. After exposure to NaCl stress, the osmotin gene expression level was investigated in 6 grape cultivars grown in GAP (Southeast Anatolian region including the provinces Gaziantep, Şanliurfa, Diyarbakır, Mardin, Batman, Siirt and Şırnak) and in 4 grape cultivars and 7 rootstocks recommended to the GAP region. Expression levels were investigated by Northern blot analysis. The osmotin expression level was higher in scion cultivars than in rootstocks. Within grapevine cultivars, the highest osmotin gene expression level was observed in cv. Tahannebi, followed by Hönüsü, another GAP region cultivar. The osmotin gene expression levels of two grape cultivars, Ata sarisi and Alphonse Lavallée recommended to the GAP region, were lower than those of Hönüsü. On the other hand the GAP region cultivars Ağ Besni, Rumi, Kabarcık, Dımıþkı and the recommended cultivars Razakı and Italia were significantly different in their expression levels. Among rootstocks 1616 C displayed the highest expression level, followed by 99R; they were followed by 1613C. In 110R the expression level was slightly lower than in the above mentioned ones and 41B. In SO4 and 5C the level of expression remained at the control level.

Community Structure Macrozoobenthos in Tanjung Buton Water\u27s in Siak District Riau Province

This research was conducted in March 2015 in Tanjung Buton water\u27s. This research aims to determine the content of organic matter in the sediment, sediment fractions, sediment grain size, the type and abundance of macrozoobenthos and relationship between the content of organic matter in sediment, macrozoobenthos abundance and sediment grain size. The method used in this research was survey method. Sample of sediment were collected from 3 stations. Sampling of macrozoobenthos was carried by using 1m x 1m plot. The analysis, identification and quantification were carried out in Marine Chemistry Laboratory and Marine Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, University of Riau in Pekanbaru. The result showed that sediment organic content in Station 1 was 6,91%, Station 2 was 6,24% and Station 3 was 6,23%. The macrozoobenthos abundance varied from 11-32, ind/m2. Makrozoobenthos that were found in Tanjung Buton water\u27s composing of 4 classes of: gastropoda, bivalvia, polychaeta, merostomata. Diversity index (H\u27) was 1,74-2,34, dominance index (C) was 0,23-0,34 and uniformity index (E) was 0,36-0,37. Relationship between organic content in sediment and macrozoobenthos abundance in Tanjung Buton water\u27s were y = 58,61-6,060x, R2 = 0,113, r = 0,34. While relationship between sediment grain size and organic content in sediment in Tanjung Buton Waters were y = 11,20-0,823x, R2 = 0,081, r = 0,24

Community Structure Macrozoobenthos in Tanjung Buton Water\u27s in Siak District Riau Province

This research was conducted in March 2015 in Tanjung Buton water\u27s. This research aims to determine the content of organic matter in the sediment, sediment fractions, sediment grain size, the type and abundance of macrozoobenthos and relationship between the content of organic matter in sediment, macrozoobenthos abundance and sediment grain size. The method used in this research was survey method. Sample of sediment were collected from 3 stations. Sampling of macrozoobenthos was carried by using 1m x 1m plot. The analysis, identification and quantification were carried out in Marine Chemistry Laboratory and Marine Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, University of Riau in Pekanbaru. The result showed that sediment organic content in Station 1 was 6,91%, Station 2 was 6,24% and Station 3 was 6,23%. The macrozoobenthos abundance varied from 11-32, ind/m2. Makrozoobenthos that were found in Tanjung Buton water\u27s composing of 4 classes of: gastropoda, bivalvia, polychaeta, merostomata. Diversity index (H\u27) was 1,74-2,34, dominance index (C) was 0,23-0,34 and uniformity index (E) was 0,36-0,37. Relationship between organic content in sediment and macrozoobenthos abundance in Tanjung Buton water\u27s were y = 58,61-6,060x, R2 = 0,113, r = 0,34. While relationship between sediment grain size and organic content in sediment in Tanjung Buton Waters were y = 11,20-0,823x, R2 = 0,081, r = 0,24

Demographic Features of Turkish Literature Audiences and Applied Analysis of the Factors Affecting Their Reading Preferences,

The purpose of this study is to determine factors affecting reading preferences in parallel with the demographic features of Turkish literature audiences. The study lasted approximately for 7 months. (N=650) individuals attended the study in total. The universe of the study is Turkey while the sample of the study is composed of 8 different provinces. These provinces are İstanbul, Ankara, İzmir, Bursa, Kocaeli, Sakarya, Trabzon and Gaziantep. A questionnaire form whose reliability and validity had been ensured before and which was composed of 5 point Likert scale was used in the study. The questionnaire form was reformed in accordance with the topic of the study, it was subjected to validity and reliability test and it was carried into main practice through taking views of experts. Data acquired from the results of main practice was analyzed by using SPSS 18.0 packet program and the value of 0.924 was acquired as Cronbach’s Alpha co-efficient. This value indicates that the measuring tool used in this study is quite reliable. The questionnaire is composed of two sections. In the first section, there are questions with regard to determine demographic features of the participants while in the second section, there are scaled questions composed of 120 items. 0.05 of significance level was taken into account among variables in terms of relations and differences. Methods such as different statistics anova, factor and hypothesis tests were applied in the analysis. Moreover, 4 different literary works were mentioned in the study so as to determine attitudes and behaviors of the participants towards literary works. Opinions of the participants were demanded about novels such as İntibah (Rebirth), Araba Sevdası (Ambition for Car), Mai ve Siyah (Blue and Black) and Çalıkuşu (The Wren). At the end of the study, it was found out that the participants followed academic publications more frequently, the use of computer and internet had an effect on reading e-book and up-to-date books were read more than those books written in a foreign or ancient language (Ottoman Turkish). Furthermore, it was determined that education and age variables of the participants had an effect on reading habits while gender, age and education variables had an effect in some reading factors

Helicobacter pylori cagA gene variants in Malaysians of different ethnicity

We have defined DNA repeat variability in the 3′-terminus of the cagA gene of Helicobacter pylori strains from Malaysian patients of different ethnicities. We identified different alleles based on the EPIYA repeats. cagA types A-B-D and A-B-B-D are more similar to the sequence of Japanese strains, whereas cagA types A-B-C, A-B-C-C, A-B and A-C displayed similarity to strain 26695 sequences. A significant association was found between cagA genotypes and patients’ ethnicity, with cagA type A-B-D being predominantly isolated from Chinese patients and cagA type A-B-C from Malays and Indians. Our data further corroborate the possibility that variant biological activity of CagA may affect the host specificity and/or pathogenicity of H. pylori

Analysis of Optimal Motion Performance for Underactuated Gantry Crane System using MOPSO with Linear Weight Summation Approach

This paper present the development of Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) with Linear Weight Summation (LWS) approach to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of Gantry Crane System (GCS). The purpose of using LWS is to control the desired trolley position and payload oscillation according to the Settling Time (Ts), Steady State Error (SSE) and Overshoot (OS). The effectiveness of variation in weight summation is observed to find the optimal motion performances of the system. It demonstrated that GCS is able to achieve the goals while able to move the trolley as fast as possible to the desired position with low payload oscillation. Through this approach, the best optimal motion performances can be achieved by setting similar value of weightage for OS and Ts and reduce the priority for SSE

The equilibria that allow bacterial persistence in human hosts

We propose that microbes that have developed persistent relationships with human hosts have evolved cross-signalling mechanisms that permit homeostasis that conforms to Nash equilibria and, more specifically, to evolutionarily stable strategies. This implies that a group of highly diverse organisms has evolved within the changing contexts of variation in effective human population size and lifespan, shaping the equilibria achieved, and creating relationships resembling climax communities. We propose that such ecosystems contain nested communities in which equilibrium at one level contributes to homeostasis at another. The model can aid prediction of equilibrium states in the context of further change: widespread immunodeficiency, changing population densities, or extinctions.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/62883/1/nature06198.pd

Phenotypic spectrum of BLM- and RMI1-related Bloom syndrome

Bloom syndrome (BS) is an autosomal recessive disorder with characteristic clinical features of primary microcephaly, growth deficiency, cancer predisposition, and immunodeficiency. Here, we report the clinical and molecular findings of eight patients from six families diagnosed with BS. We identified causative pathogenic variants in all families including three different variants in BLM and one variant in RMI1. The homozygous c.581_582delTT;p.Phe194* and c.3164G>C;p.Cys1055Ser variants in BLM have already been reported in BS patients, while the c.572_573delGA;p.Arg191Lysfs*4 variant is novel. Additionally, we present the detailed clinical characteristics of two cases with BS in which we previously identified the biallelic loss-of-function variant c.1255_1259delAAGAA;p.Lys419Leufs*5 in RMI1. All BS patients had primary microcephaly, intrauterine growth delay, and short stature, presenting the phenotypic hallmarks of BS. However, skin lesions and upper airway infections were observed only in some of the patients. Overall, patients with pathogenic BLM variants had a more severe BS phenotype compared to patients carrying the pathogenic variants in RMI1, especially in terms of immunodeficiency which should be considered as one of the most important phenotypic characteristics of BS. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved