1881 and 1949 earthquakes at the Chios-Cesme Strait (Aegean Sea) and their relation to tsunamis

The most earthquake-prone areas in the eastern central Aegean Sea are the Izmir Bay, the Karaburun peninsula and the island of Chios. The level of seismic activity and tsunami potential are influenced by the presence of normal faults around the region. There have been about 20 moderate-size earthquakes from 496 BC to 1949 AD. Among these earthquakes, the ones on the dates 20 March 1389, 13 November 1856, 19/22 January 1866, 3 April 1881 and 23 July 1949 produced tsunamis. The Chios-Cesme earthquake (1881, Mw 6.5) took place in the South of the Cesme strait while the Chios-Karaburun earthquake (1949, Mw 6.7) occurred in the North. The tsunamis caused by the earthquakes affected the coasts of Chios Island and Cesme. These waves are thought to be associated with the earthquakes and co-seismic underwater failures possibly occurred along the coasts of the Chios Island and Karaburun Peninsula or on the complex subaqueous morphology between these lands. Some sea waves or oscillations observed following the aftershocks are believed to be related to other natural phenomena; e.g. the seiches occurred mainly in open-narrow bays as triggered by the earthquakes

Morphology, histology and phylogeny of Henneguya sinova sp. nov. (Myxobolidae: Myxozoa) infecting gills of Parablennius tentacularis in the Black Sea, Turkey

Myxosporeans of the genus Henneguya have a global distribution and infect organs and tissues of both marine and freshwater fishes. Here we describe the morphological, histological and molecular characteristics of Henneguya sinova sp. nov. parasitizing the gill arches of tenta-cled blenny Parablennius tentacularis (Perciformes: Blenniidae) collected from the coast of Sinop on the Black Sea in Turkey. Several oval whitish plasmodia of different sizes in the gill arches of fish were found. The mature spores were rounded oval in frontal view, with a mean (range) total length 57.5 (51.5-68.0) µm; the spore body was 11.7 (11.3-12.0) µm in length by 7.6 (7.3-8.3) µm in width and 6.7 (6.6-6.8) µm in thickness. The caudal appendages, measuring 46.0 (40.0-55.0) µm in length, were very thin at the tapered end. The prevalence of infection by H. sinova sp. nov. was 35.5%. Phylogenetic analysis of nuclear small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) clearly suggested H. sinova as a new species which is clustered within the marine Henneguya lin­eage. Pairwise nucleotide similarities and DNA distance values of SSU rDNA between H. sinova sp. nov. and other related Henneguya species also supported this suggestion

Simple sequence repeat-based assessment of genetic diversity in 'Dimrit' and 'Gemre' grapevine accessions from Turkey

It is widely believed that Turkey has played an important role in the evolution of modern day grapes due to its unique geographical location with close proximity to the regions of grape diversity. Despite this, the rich grape germplasm found in Turkey has not been sufficiently analyzed genetically. In this study, 31 grapevine accessions from 'Dimrit' (or 'Dilmit') and 'Gemre' grape groups were genetically analyzed at eight SSR (microsatellite) loci (VVS2, VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD24, VVMD27, VVMD28, VrZAG62 and VrZAG79) and for a number of ampeolographic characteristics. These analyses identified sufficient genetic diversity between these two grape groups that, in general, clustered separately in the dendrogram constructed based on the SSR data. However, the ecogeographical distribution and genetic relationship of the genotypes did not show any significant correlation. Two 'Gemre' accessions were determined as genetically identical. In addition, one case of synonym and several cases of homonym genotypes were identified. The results reported here are important first steps towards better characterization of these grape genotypes and would aid future germplasm management and breeding efforts.

Time-Dependent Vacuum Energy Induced by D-Particle Recoil

We consider cosmology in the framework of a `material reference system' of D particles, including the effects of quantum recoil induced by closed-string probe particles. We find a time-dependent contribution to the cosmological vacuum energy, which relaxes to zero as $\sim 1/ t^2$ for large times $t$. If this energy density is dominant, the Universe expands with a scale factor $R(t) \sim t^2$. We show that this possibility is compatible with recent observational constraints from high-redshift supernovae, and may also respect other phenomenological bounds on time variation in the vacuum energy imposed by early cosmology.Comment: 14 pages LATEX, no figure

Genetic characterization of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) germplasm from Southeast Anatolia by SSR markers

Southeast Anatolia is located in close proximity to the center of origin of grapes and is an important grape producing area of Turkey. The important location of this region for grape genetic diversity together with its diverse ecological conditions may have led to the development of grape germplasm that is unique to this region. However, so far little has been done to genetically analyze this grape germplasm. In this study, we genetically analyzed 55 grape cultivars originating from six different provinces of this region using 14 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci and a number of ampeolographic characteristics. Based on these analyses, one case of synonymous and four cases of homonymous grape cultivars were identified. The contribution of our results to better characterization of the grape germplasm of the region as well as future germplasm management and breeding efforts is discussed.

Compactifications with S-Duality Twists

We consider generalised Scherk Schwarz reductions of supergravity and superstring theories with twists by electromagnetic dualities that are symmetries of the equations of motion but not of the action, such as the S-duality of D=4, N=4 super-Yang-Mills coupled to supergravity. The reduction cannot be done on the action itself, but must be done either on the field equations or on a duality invariant form of the action, such as one in the doubled formalism in which potentials are introduced for both electric and magnetic fields. The resulting theory in odd-dimensions has massive form fields satisfying a self-duality condition $dA \sim m*A$. We construct such theories in D=3,5,7.Comment: Latex, 26 pages. References adde

Two-loop Radiative Neutrino Mechanism in an SU(3)L×U(1)NSU(3)_L\times U(1)_N Gauge Model

By using the $L_e$ - $L_\mu$ - $L_\tau$ symmetry, we construct an $SU(3)_L\times U(1)_N$ gauge model that provides two-loop radiative neutrino masses as well as one-loop radiative neutrino masses. The generic smallness of two-loop neutrino masses leading to $\Delta m^2_\odot$ compared with one-loop neutrino masses leading to $\Delta m^2_{atm}$ successfully explains $\Delta m^2_{atm}$ $>>$ $\Delta m^2_{\odot}$ by invoking the $L_e$ - $L_\mu$ - $L_\tau$ breaking. The Higgs scalar ($h^+$) that initiates radiative mechanisms is unified into a Higgs triplet together with the standard Higgs scalar ($\phi^+$, $\phi^0$) to form ($\phi^+$, $\phi^0$, $h^+$), which calls for three families of lepton triplets: ($\nu^i_L$, $\ell^i_L$, $\omega^i_L$) (i = 1,2,3), where $\omega^i$ denote heavy neutral leptons. The two-loop radiative mechanism is found possible by introducing a singly charged scalar, which couples to $\ell^i_R\omega^j_R$ (i,j = 2,3).Comment: with 10 pages, revtex, including 2 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D (with undefined latex citation indices removed

Study of VLF/LF wave propagations above seismic areas

Abstract: We report on radio transmitter signals recorded in Europe by INFREP network which is mainly devoted to search for earthquakes electromagnetic precursors (Biagi et al., 2011). We consider in this analysis the detection of transmitter signals recorded by INFREP receivers located in different regions of Europe, i.e. Romania, Italy, Greece and Austria. The aim is the investigation of the electromagnetic environment above earthquakes regions. We selected seismic events which occurred in the year 2016 and characterized by a moment magnitude (Mw) above 5.0 and a depth of less than 50 km. A common method is applied to all events and which involves the analysis of the VLF/LF signal detection taking into consideration the following parameters: (a) the distance transmitters-receivers, (b) the signal to noise ratio during the diurnal and night observations, (c) the daily and night averaged amplitude and (d) the sunset and sunrise termination times. This leads us to specify the key factors which can be considered as criteria to distinguish and to identify earthquakes precursors. We discuss in this contribution the radio wave propagation in the D- and E-layers and their impacts on the VLF/LF amplitude signal. We show that the 'seismic anomaly' requests a more precise analysis of the 'quiet' and 'disturbed' ionospheric conditions and their corresponding spectral traces on the VLF/LF transmitter signals

Supersymmetry and the relationship between a class of singular potentials in arbitrary dimensions

The eigenvalues of the potentials $V_{1}(r)=\frac{A_{1}}{r}+\frac{A_{2}}{r^{2}}+\frac{A_{3}}{r^{3}}+\frac{A_{4 }}{r^{4}}$ and $V_{2}(r)=B_{1}r^{2}+\frac{B_{2}}{r^{2}}+\frac{B_{3}}{r^{4}}+\frac{B_{4}}{r^ {6}}$, and of the special cases of these potentials such as the Kratzer and Goldman-Krivchenkov potentials, are obtained in N-dimensional space. The explicit dependence of these potentials in higher-dimensional space is discussed, which have not been previously covered.Comment: 13 pages article in LaTEX (uses standard article.sty). Please check "http://www1.gantep.edu.tr/~ozer" for other studies of Nuclear Physics Group at University of Gaziante

Majoron emitting neutrinoless double beta decay in the electroweak chiral gauge extensions

Fundamental mechanisms for Majoron emitting neutrinoless double beta decay in SU(3)_C x G_W x U(1) models, for electroweak flavor chiral extensions, G_W = SU(3)_L and SU(4)_L are pointed out. Both kinds of known Majoron emitting processes, charged Majoron emitting where the massless Nambu-Goldstone boson itself carries lepton charge, $L=-2$, and the ordinary Majoron emitting where the boson has a small mass are found possible. PACS numbers: 11.15.Ex, 12.60.Fr, 14.80.CpComment: 18 pages, Revtex, 3 Postscript figures. To be published in Phys.Rev.D(1 May 1998