Nitric oxide biosensor uncovers diminished ferrous iron-dependency of cultured cells adapted to physiological oxygen levels

Iron is an essential metal for cellular metabolism and signaling, but it has adverse effects in excess. The physiological consequences of iron deficiency are well established, yet the relationship between iron supplementation and pericellular oxygen levels in cultured cells and their downstream effects on metalloproteins has been less explored. This study exploits the metalloprotein geNOps in cultured HEK293T epithelial and EA.hy926 endothelial cells to test the iron-dependency in cells adapted to standard room air (18 kPa O2) or physiological normoxia (5 kPa O2). We show that cells in culture require iron supplementation to activate the metalloprotein geNOps and demonstrate for the first time that cells adapted to physiological normoxia require significantly lower iron compared to cells adapted to hyperoxia. This study establishes an essential role for recapitulating oxygen levels in vivo and uncovers a previously unrecognized requirement for ferrous iron supplementation under standard cell culture conditions to achieve geNOps functionality.Integration Projects of Sabanci University ; Heart Research U.K. ; British Heart Foundation ; European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) ; King's Together Strategic Awar

Gate-Controlled Ionization and Screening of Cobalt Adatoms on a Graphene Surface

We describe scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) measurements performed on individual cobalt (Co) atoms deposited onto backgated graphene devices. We find that Co adatoms on graphene can be ionized by either the application of a global backgate voltage or by the application of a local electric field from a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip. Large screening clouds are observed to form around Co adatoms ionized in this way, and we observe that some intrinsic graphene defects display a similar behavior. Our results provide new insight into charged impurity scattering in graphene, as well as the possibility of using graphene devices as chemical sensors.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figure

Püskürtme Yöntemi ile Farklı Taban Sıcaklıklarında Elde Edilen Cd_0,22Zn_0,78S Filmlerinin X-Işınları Çalışması

Cd0,22Zn0,78S filmleri farklı taban sıcaklıklarında püskürtme yöntemi ile elde edilmiştir. Bu çalışma, elde edilen filmlerin oda sıcaklığında alınan X-ışını kırınım desenlerini açıklamaktadır. Alınan bu desenler filmlerin hekzagonal Cd0,22Zn0,78S yapıda ve polikristal olduğunu göstermektedir. Film kalınlığı, yapılanma katsayısı, tanecik boyutu değerleri, örgü sabitleri ve d-değerlerinin bağıl % hatası hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen filmlerin bu özelliklerine taban sıcaklığının etkisi araştırılmıştır

Materials science and nanotechnology

[No abstract available

Investigation of predictive value of complete blood count in the diagnosis of acute complicated appendicitis [Tam Kan Sayımının Akut Komplike Apandisitin Tanısındaki Kestirim Değerinin Araştırılması]

Aim: Whether it is possible to differentiate complicated from uncomplicated acute appendicitis (AA) by using complete blood count (CBC) is controversial. In this study, we analysed the predictive value of CBC in differentiating complicated from uncomplicated AA. Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed records of patients who underwent appendectomy in our clinic between January 1, 2015 and January 1, 2018. The demographic data and CBC reports were collected. Results: Two hundred thirty-five patients underwent appendectomy due to AA. Of the 235 patients, 164 (69.8%) had non-complicated and 71 (30.2%) had complicated AA. The mean white blood count (WBC), red cell distribution width (RDW), platelet and plateletcrit count were significantly higher in patients with complicated AA than in those with uncomplicated AA (p=0.001; p<0.01, p=0.049, and p=0.006, respectively). Both the mean neutrophil count and percentage were statistically higher in complicated AA patients (p=0.001 and p<0.01, respectively). The basophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (BLR) and neutrophilto- lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were significantly higher in patients with complicated AA (p=0.001 and p<0.01, respectively). Logistic regression analysis showed that WBC and RDW were independent diagnostic factors for complicated AA [odss ratio (OR) 5.079 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.29-11.24 and OR 1.412 (95% CI: 1.1-1.98), respectively] (p<0.001 and p=0.046, respectively). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values in complicated AA for BLR were 67.35%, 64.04%, 44.6% and 82%, and for NLR were 73.47%, 66.67%, 48.6% and 85.4%, respectively. Conclusion: Elevated NLR, BLR and RDW, WBC and neutrophil count may help differentiate complicated from non-complicated AA. © 2019 by The Medical Bulletin of University

Importance of The Variations in The Origin of The PICA: Anatomical Study

Aim: Because the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) origin shows a very frequent anatomic variation, it is one of the vessels that has higher iatrogenic trauma exposure potential during surgical exposure. In this study, the aim is to investigate the variations in the origin of the PICA and stress the importance of these in terms of microsurgery. Method: This study was carried on 26 (52 hemispheres) adult cerebellum cadavers that were fixed with formalin. Red coloured latex was injected to the vertebral artery (VA ) and the PICA. The diameters of each the PICA at the origin point, the origin surface from the VA, relationship to the lower cranial nerves and other anatomic variations were investigated. Findings: PICA originated from the VA in the 46 of 47 hemispheres, in one of them it originated from BA. In five hemispheres, the PICA was absent (10.6%). In two hemispheres, the PICA (4.25%) originated from the VA's extradural segment. We found that the PICAs were wider on the left side (mean:1.50±0.42 mm on the right side, and mean:1.63±0.34 mm on the left). In eight samples ( 30.7% ) the right PICA, in twelve samples (46.3%) the left PICA was dominant. In altı samples ( 23%) both the PICAs were in equal diameter. The origin surface of the PICA from the VA was mostly posterior (36.1 %) and then lateral (31.9%) medial (23.4%) and anterior (8.4 %). The PICA left the brain stem by passing between the rootlets of the vagus nerve in the 34% of hemispheres, in the 29.8% between the rootlets of the accessory nerve, in the 25.5 % between the vagus and accessory nerves, in the 4.25% coursed rostral to the glossopharyngeal nerve, in the 2.2% between glossofaringeal and vagus nerves. Conclusions: We believe that this study is a significant research in its own field and it gives important messages in terms of knowing the anatomic variations of the PICA at origin in order to minimize surgical morbidity and mortality in the approach to the brain stem and cerebellum pathologies.Amaç: Posterior inferior serebellar arter'in (PİSA) orijini çok sık anatomik varyasyon gÖstermesi nedeniyle cerrahi yaklaşım sırasında iyatrojenik travmaya maruz kalma olasılığı fazla olan damarlardan biridir. Bu çalışmada amaç PİSA' nın orijinindeki varyasyonları incelemek ve bunların mikrocerrahi girişimler açısından Önemini vurgulamaktır. YÖntem: Bu çalışma 26 adet (52 hemisfer) formalin ile fiske edilmiş erişkin serebellum kadavrası üzerinde yapıldı. Vertebral arter (VA) ve PİSA'lara kırmızı renkli lateks injekte edildi. Her bir PİSA'nın origin noktasında kalınlıkları ve VA'den origin yüzeyi, alt kranial sinirlerle olan ilişkileri ve diğer anatomik varyasyonları incelendi. Bulgular: PİSA 47 hemisferin 46'sında VA'den, birinde BA'den origin aldı. Beş hemisferde PİSA agenetik idi (%10.6). İki hemisferde (%4.25) PİSA, VA'in ekstradural segmentinden orijin aldı. PİSA solda daha kalın bulundu. (sağda ortalama, 1.50±0.42 mm ve solda ortalama 1.63±0.34 mm). PİSA Örneklerin %30.7'sinde sağda, %46.1'inde solda dominant, %23'ünde eşit bulundu. PİSA'nın VA'den orijin yüzeyi çoğunlukla posterior (%36.1) daha sonra lateral (%31.9), medial (%23.4) ve anterior (%8.4) idi. PİSA hemisferlerin %36.1'inde vagus sinirinin rootletleri arasından, %31.9'unda aksessori sinirinin rootletleri arasından, %25.5'inde vagus ve aksessori sinirlerinin arasından, %4.25'inde glossofaringeal sinirin rostralinden ve %2.2'sinde glossofaringeal ve vagus sinirinin arasından geçerek beyin sapını terketti. Sonuçlar: Beyin sapı ve serebellum patolojilerine yaklaşımda cerrahi morbidite ve mortalitenin minimize edilmesi için PİSA'nın orijinindeki anatomik varyasyonlarının bilinmesi anlamında bu makale Önemli mesajlar vermekte ve kendi konusunda Önemli bir çalışma olduğu inancındayız