Determination of the place concept in reproduction process of built environment: Kordon, İzmir as a case study

Thesis (Doctoral)--İzmir Institute of Technology, Architecture, İzmir, 2004Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 145)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishx, 189 leavesThis research aims to argue the transformative effect of modernist processes on the reproduction of built environment with reference to the concepts "place" and "space" Place as lived space will be questioned under the impact of the process of the reproduction of built environment. At the same time, it is related with the general rules of the process of production. Urban space, which is basically determined with power relations, is perceived through spatial codes that conduct the effect of this relation. Space as a representation of a particular discourse and idea is more than a neutral box. Clearly, it exhibits a multi-layered structure representing all types of political, economic, social and cultural discourses behind its creation. The concept of place involves firstly the spatial relations taking place in a particular geography and secondly the sense of attachment evoked as a result of these relations. Place concept cannot be thought independent of the power whose existence dictates all these relation types. In addition to that, space that continues to be produced through the practices of daily life remains to be a part of mental production, both individually and collectively. If the production of space is taken into consideration, each manipulation is also a redefinition of all elements constructing the identity of places and sense of belonging. For that reason, in order to analyze the meaning of a place, detailed reading of all layers involving the deciphering of their historical stratification is required. Reproduction of space is an entire reproduction with all its relations taking place in it. At the same time, it is the reproduction of place with all features that identifies it. Thus, today, a new viewpoint is required; because physical restructurings form a constant threat for our cities by destroying their identical spaces and physical focuses of social life, and finally by creating a crisis of memory

A study on technological expression in architecture

Thesis (Master)--İzmir Institute of Technology, Architecture, İzmir, 1998Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 117-122)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishxi, 122 leavesWithin the scope of this study, while questioning the relations between technology and architecture, their effects on human life has also been analyzed with all due aspects pertaining to the formation of the architectural end-product. Its role in the process of architectural design is parallel to this relationship.In this study, the idea which is aimed to achieve is that technology which was once a part of an artisanal production, has been taken up as a problem of modernization in the development of industrialization. The study which aims at demonstrating this alterations, tries to question the ways of seeking a tectonically sensitive dimension in architecture in the age of information including a series of comparative analysis.Within the scope of this study, while putting forward the spatial characteristics of high-tech architecture as a follower of a constructive tradition, building technology of the last decade in Turkey has been included in the discussion.The discussion has been enriched by conceptual definitions in order to determine the terminology of the subject. In addition to the retrospective overviews, architectural concepts of the eras have been presented.The findings of the study has been approved that the technical knowledge today is not limited as the knowledge of classical crafts technique, but it should be the rationalization of both the technical and the traditional. Most of the high-tech designs today use a kind of craft technique based on the machine production. In addition, the structural elements accomplished for the sake of visual impact ate not "technological", but "scenographic" and "representational" as a matter of tectonic expression.Keywords: philosophy of technology, modern age, tectonics, information age, hightech, architectural design approaches

Does High Technology Product Exports Increase Welfare or Countries with High Welfare Levels Innovate Better? A Causality Analysis

After the Second World War, globalization has been promoted and supported by the leading countries, especially after the 1980s, globalization has accelerated. 18.8% percent of exports within total world trade as of 1980 has become 30.6% by 2019. Export became important, especially for reaching acceptable growth rates for countries, as manifested in the studies of Balassa, Chow and Heller. However, some countries changed their strategies toward exporting the products that create higher values to their trade level, which means exporting the more profitable high-technology products. By this new government strategy, it is aimed to find the answer to the question ‘Does High Technology Product Exports Increase Welfare or Countries with High Welfare Levels Innovate Better?’ using the causality test of Dimutriscue and Hurlin for 20 countries of the top10 and bottom 10 high-tech exporters of the world with the time span of 2007-2018. It is concluded that for bottom high-technology exporters, there is two-way causality between welfare and high technology exports, but for top ten high technology exporters, there is one-way causality from welfare to high technology exports. This may be the sign of after a certain saturation level of welfare; high-tech product exports do not create any value on welfare. To our knowledge, this research paper is the first study that makes a comparison between top high-tech exporters and bottom high-tech exports in terms of analysing the effects of high-tech exports on welfare. Moreover, this is the first paper on two-way impact analysis; the impacts of welfare on high-tech export and the impacts of high-tech export on welfare

Measurement of apparent diffusion coefficient in discrimination of benign and malignant axillary lymph nodes

Purpose: We aimed to determine the contribution of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value in the detection of axillary lymph node metastasis. Material and methods: Breast magnetic resonance of 58 patients, performed in the radiology clinic of our hospital between 2015 and 2017 were examined retrospectively, and 43 lymph nodes in 43 patients were included in the study. They were evaluated morphologically on T1W and T2W sequences, and the lymph nodes showing rounded shape, focal or diffuse cortical thickness of more than 3 mm, and partial or total effacement of fatty hilum were included in the study. Subsequently, their ADC values were measured. Results: There were 43 lymph nodes, 20 of which were malignant and 23 of which were benign. While the mean ADC value of malignant axillary lymph nodes was 0.749 10-3 mm2/s (0.48-1.342), it was 0.982 10-3 mm2/s (0.552-1.986) for benign lymph nodes. When the ADC cut-off value was taken as ≤ 0.753 × 10-3 mm2/s, its discrimination power between benign and malignant axillary lymph nodes was as follows: sensitivity - 60%; specificity - 91.3%; accuracy - 76.7%; positive predictive value - 85.7%; and negative predictive value - 72.4%. Conclusions: There was no significant difference between mean ADC value of 12 lymphadenopathies (LAP) associated with inflammatory breast diseases (granulomatous mastitis and acute suppurative mastitis) and mean ADC value of metastatic lymph nodes. However, the ADC value of lymph nodes showing thickened cortex due to systemic inflammatory diseases was over 1, and there was a statistically significant difference when compared with metastatic lymph nodes

Determinants of current account balance: Evidence from Türkiye

Current account balance, which is followed by all governments and policymakers, is one of the most critical macroeconomic indicators that can affect all dynamics of a country’s general economic environment from different aspects, such as inflation, foreign exchange rates and employment. There is not any consensus on the determinative factors of the CAB-Current account balance in the literature. Actually, the fact that there isn’t any consensus on the determinative factors of the CAB can be accepted as a natural result of the different structures of each country. Most worldwide studies have focused on just sectoral or just macro indicator-based determinants. With the motivation of taking both sectoral and macroeconomic conditional effects on the current account balance, the theoretical model was set as CAB as the dependent variable and ‘inflation’, ‘foreign direct investments’, ‘export to import ratio’, ‘tourism income’, and ‘growth’ as independent variables. The reason behind choosing tourism as the only sector is the compensation power of the tourism sector on the foreign trade deficit. With the data available for all variables, the time span of this paper was 2008-2019 by using the “ARDL” bounds methodology. The findings showed that there was a long-run and statistically significant positive relationship between the CAB and all independent variables of the model where just foreign exchange appreciation has a negative effect. It is thought that the model established in our research contributes to the literature in terms of including a combination of both macro data and sectoral data on the determinants of the current balance in Turkey

Woman in “The Civics Book for Turkish Children”: “Türk Yavrularına Yurt Bilgisi” kitabında kadın

The purpose of this research is to examine the image of women in “The Civics Book for Turkish Children”, which was written for the fifth grade civics course of primary school and taught since the academic year 1931-1932. This study has a qualitative research model. The data were collected through document review and analyzed using content analysis. The book was examined with the document analysis technique and all the images related to “woman” were noted in both the texts and images and marked by coloring on the screen. In the second reading, meticulous encodings were made and expressions with temporary theme names were classified according to their similarities, adhering to their essence. The form of expression of each content was concluded with the decision of four researchers. At this stage, direct phrases appropriate to each of the themes were determined in order to further elaborate on or support the theme. In the texts and visuals of the textbook “The Civics Book for Turkish Children”, the image of women was shaped according to the social and political structure of the period, and an attempt was made to reflect the role of women in the atmosphere of that period. This situation has parallels with the evaluation results encountered in the research literature related to textbooks and children's books. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet Bu araştırmanın amacı ilkokul beşinci sınıf yurt bilgisi dersleri için yazılmış ve 1931-1932 öğretim yılından itibaren beşinci sınıflarda okutulmuş olan “Türk Yavrularına Yurt Bilgisi” kitabında kadın imgesini incelemektir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veriler doküman incelemesi yoluyla toplanmış ve içerik analizi kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Kitap doküman analizi tekniği ile incelenmiş ve “kadın” ile ilgili tüm görseller hem metinlerde hem de görsellerde not edilmiş ve ekranda renklendirilerek işaretlenmiştir. İkinci okumada titizlikle kodlamalar yapılmış ve özlerine bağlı kalarak benzerliklerine göre geçici tema adlarına sahip ifadeler sınıflandırılmıştır. Her bir içeriğin ifade biçimi dört araştırmacının kararı ile sonuçlandırılmıştır. Bu aşamada, temayı daha da detaylandırmak veya desteklemek için temaların her birine uygun doğrudan ifadeler belirlenmiştir.  “Türk Çocukları için Yurttaşlık Kitabı” ders kitabının metin ve görsellerinde kadın imajı dönemin sosyal ve politik yapısına göre şekillenmiş ve o dönemin atmosferinde kadının rolünü yansıtmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu durum ders kitapları ve çocuk kitapları ile ilgili araştırma literatüründe karşılaşılan değerlendirme sonuçlarıyla paraleldir

The image of women in the life science textbooks : Hayat bilgisi ders kitaplarında kadın imgesi

The aim of this research is primary school 1, 2 and 3. the knowledge of life taught in classrooms is to examine the image of women in textbooks. Within the framework of this purpose, the problem sentence of the research is “How is the image of a woman given in the texts and images of elementary school life science textbooks?" is designed in the form of. Qualitative research method was used in the study. These textbooks have been examined with the document analysis technique and all of the images with “woman” in both their texts and images have been noted and marked by coloring. In the second reading, a meticulous coding was made and expressions with temporary theme names were classified according to their similarities, adhering to the essence. The statements in the themes were summarized by the researchers by reading them over and over again, adding and combining them. When the distribution of the professions included in the textbooks according to gender is examined, it is seen that men are more numerous than women both in working life and in choosing a profession. It is observed that the professions performed by women are professions that require less physical strength and endurance compared to the professions performed by men. However, textbooks, rather than limiting the possibilities, should try to contribute to the individual development of children by providing as wide a range of models and activities as possible. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet Bu araştırmanın amacı ilkokul 1, 2 ve 3. sınıflarda okutulan hayat bilgisi ders kitaplarındaki kadın imgesini incelemektir. Bu amaç çerçevesinde araştırmanın problem cümlesi “İlkokul hayat bilgisi ders kitaplarının metinlerinde ve görsellerinde kadın imgesi nasıl verilmiştir?” şeklinde dizayn edilmiştir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Söz konusu ders kitapları doküman analizi tekniği ile incelenmiş ve gerek metinlerinde gerekse görsellerinde “kadın” ile imgelerin tamamı not edilmiş ve renklendirilerek işaretlenmiştir. İkinci okumada titiz bir kodlama yapılmış ve öze bağlı kalınarak geçici tema adlarına sahip ifadeler benzerliklerine göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Temalardaki ifadeler araştırmacılar tarafından tekrar tekrar okunarak, ekleme ve birleştirme şeklinde özetlenmiştir. Ders kitaplarında yer alan mesleklerin cinsiyetlere göre dağılımı incelendiğinde erkeklerin hem çalışma yaşamında hem de meslek seçiminde kadınlara oranla sayıca fazla oldukları görülmektedir. Kadınların yaptıkları mesleklerin, erkeklerin yaptıkları mesleklere orana daha az beden gücü ve dayanıklılık gerektiren meslekler olduğu görülmektedir. Oysa ders kitapları, olasılıkları sınırlandırmaktan çok, olabildiğince geniş bir modeller ve etkinlikler yelpazesi sunarak çocukların bireysel gelişimine katkı yapmaya çalışmalıdır

Real-time elastography for differentiation of breast lesions

Backroung: To investigate the diagnostic performance of the elastography-based strain index ratio in the differential diagnosis of malignant and benign breast lesions. Material/Methods: Seventy-nine breast masses that were classified as BI-RADS category 3, 4, and 5 on B-mode ultrasonography (US) were further prospectively evaluated by real-time sonoelastography (RTE). To obtain an optimal cut-off value of the strain ratio for differentiating between malignant and benign breast lesions, RTE findings were compared with histopathology of core needle biopsy samples or with ultrasound follow-up data of the analyzed masses. Results: Seventy-nine breast lesions [BI-RADS category 3 (n=15), BI-RADS category 4 (n=34), and BI-RADS category 5 (n=30)] were classified as malignant (n=36) or benign (n=43). The mean strain index value was 6.59±3.44 (range 0.6-14) for malignant lesions and 2.79±2.16 (range 0.6-8.7) for benign lesions, respectively (p<0.05). As regards the detection of malignant lesions, US was characterized by sensitivity and specificity of 100% (CI 95%; 88-100) and 90% (CI 95%; 76-97), respectively. When an optimal value of the strain ratio (4.25) was obtained by ROC curve analysis, the sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing malignant lesions were 86% (CI 95%; 70-95) and 76% (CI 95%; 60-87), respectively. Conclusions: RTE can play an important role in the differentiation between malignant and benign breast masses, but it should be used in conjunction with ultrasonography

DETERMINATION OF MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS' VIEWS ABOUT STEM ACTIVITIES

In this research, it is aimed to determine the opinions of middle school students about STEM activities. The research, which used case study from qualitative research designs, was conducted in 2018-2019 academic year. The research working group is composed of 27 middle school students studying in a private school in Turkey. In the data collection, semi-structured interview forms prepared by the researchers were used. The data were analyzed in accordance with the content analysis steps. According to the findings of the research, it was determined that STEM activities were related to daily life problems, and that students' lessons, occupational preferences and communication skills were affected. In addition, lack of time and material and lack of information have been found to have problems in the realization of STEM activities

INTEGRATED RISK ASSESSMENT IN RAMP HANDLING OPERATIONS: RISK MAPPING FOR TURKISH AIRPORTS

Ramp handling acts a vital role in sustainable airport operations. The ramp related services provided to aircraft and their passengers at the airports are related to the landing, take-off, unloading and loading of the aircraft. Human resource is a key component in ramp handling operation and errors by employees cause significant accidents or incidents. The main purpose of the current study is to prioritize critical risk factors in ramp handling operations by using an integrated risk management approach and optimizing human performance while minimizing both failures and errors by employees. In this study, an integrated qualitative and quantitative risk assessment method is carried out by considering the factors that affect the possibility of ramp handling personnel errors. Initially, 113 risk factors are identified by using the academic literature, documents prepared by international organizations, and then by consulting expert opinions. Subsequently, a prioritization by professionals working on the ramp handling operations, based on the principles of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method resulted in the final selection of the 41 most important risks. Then, a risk assessment approach is applied by designing a matrix, based on three dimensions; probability, severity (impact) and relation ratio which ultimately resulted in risk index generation and a risk map model is developed. Finally eleven (11) risk factors are identified as they have higher probabilities to occur and possible higher negative consequences. Thanks to the integrated risk assessment applied in this study, it is aimed to ensure that all systems of the organization operate in a safe way and that an efficient safety culture is formed. Allocating a single resource to many risks, instead of facing the risks of the ramp personnel one by one, leads to more efficient use of resources and higher performance of ground handling companies