Intention to Use WhatsApp

More than 1.8 billion people use WhatsApp nowadays, out of which 70% uses it daily. In this scenario, this study seeks modeling the variables that positively influence the intention to use WhatsApp. To this end, 579 surveys based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology are conducted. The descriptive results show that individuals use WhatsApp mainly motivated by leisure. In this sense, according to the structural equation model, the variable with the greatest influence on behavioral intention is hedonic motivation, followed by social influence, performance expectancy, and effort expectancy. These results indicate that most people use WhatsApp principally because they find it fun, enjoyable, and very entertaining, something more inherent to an entertainment application than to a messaging application. Nevertheless, a cluster analysis indicates the existence of two consumer segments: one showing a certain indifference and disagreement regarding the usefulness of WhatsApp for their activities and duties and the other manifesting that it uses WhatsApp not only for leisure but also for work, academic, and informative reasons. These differences in consumer drivers might have a great impact on WhatsApp and its competition marketing strategies

Clean Development Mechanism Projects in Latin America : beyond reducing CO2 (e) emissions. A case study in Chile

The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) was created to compensate underdeveloped countries for their contribution to mitigate climate change. Under these rules, those projects showing the lower cost, in terms of investment, for each tonne of CO2 (e) saved, will be the ones selected. However, even if this selection process seems quite rational, it can result in a suboptimal allocation of resources, when other impacts of these projects, also having to do with social welfare, are considered. This point is illustrated in this paper by comparing the financial cost of CER credits of two current CDM projects in Chile, the Santa Marta Landfill Gas Capture Project and the Corneche‐Los Guindos Methane Capture from Swine Manure Project, with that of a third, “virtual” project, the upgrading of the Renca Generation Plant in Santiago de Chile to a gas fired combined cycle (CCGT) Plant. Even if this third project is much less efficient in financial terms, it shows a very important ancillary benefit: its impact on human health. When this impact is introduced, the result, as expected, is a drastic change in the relative social profitability of the three projects

Utilización de herramientas SIG en los sistemas de movilidad: análisis de la red de transporte público urbano en la ciudad de Valladolid

Con el Trabajo de Fin de Grado (en adelante TFG) se pretende que, a través de un trabajo de investigación, se expresen los conocimientos y competencias adquiridos durante el Grado, además de la propia investigación en relación con el tema escogido. En este caso se trata de un trabajo de investigación y análisis que versa en torno a la utilidad de los Sistemas de Información Geográfica en relación con la gestión pública del territorio y cómo, mediante este tipo de herramientas, se pueden realizar análisis espaciales de cara a realizar un mejor aprovechamiento del mismo, teniendo en cuenta todos los componentes que forman el territorio y fomentando la explotación y el desarrollo sostenibles del mismo.Departamento de GeografíaGrado en Geografía y Ordenación del Territori

Clean Development Mechanism Projects in Latin America : beyond reducing CO2 (e) emissions. A case study in Chile

The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) was created to compensate underdeveloped countries for their contribution to mitigate climate change. Under these rules, those projects showing the lower cost, in terms of investment, for each tonne of CO2 (e) saved, will be the ones selected. However, even if this selection process seems quite rational, it can result in a suboptimal allocation of resources, when other impacts of these projects, also having to do with social welfare, are considered. This point is illustrated in this paper by comparing the financial cost of CER credits of two current CDM projects in Chile, the Santa Marta Landfill Gas Capture Project and the Corneche‐Los Guindos Methane Capture from Swine Manure Project, with that of a third, “virtual” project, the upgrading of the Renca Generation Plant in Santiago de Chile to a gas fired combined cycle (CCGT) Plant. Even if this third project is much less efficient in financial terms, it shows a very important ancillary benefit: its impact on human health. When this impact is introduced, the result, as expected, is a drastic change in the relative social profitability of the three projects

Gene Expression Response to Sea Lice in Atlantic Salmon Skin: RNA Sequencing Comparison Between Resistant and Susceptible Animals

Sea lice are parasitic copepods that cause large economic losses to salmon aquaculture worldwide. Frequent chemotherapeutic treatments are typically required to control this parasite, and alternative measures such as breeding for improved host resistance are desirable. Insight into the host–parasite interaction and mechanisms of host resistance can lead to improvements in selective breeding, and potentially novel treatment targets. In this study, RNA sequencing was used to study the skin transcriptome of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parasitized with sea lice (Caligus rogercresseyi). The overall aims were to compare the transcriptomic profile of skin at louse attachment sites and “healthy” skin, and to assess differences in gene expression response between animals with varying levels of resistance to the parasite. Atlantic salmon pre-smolts were challenged with C. rogercresseyi, growth and lice count measurements were taken for each fish. 21 animals were selected and RNA-Seq was performed on skin from a louse attachment site, and skin distal to attachment sites for each animal. These animals were classified into family-balanced groups according to the traits of resistance (high vs. low lice count), and growth during infestation. Overall comparison of skin from louse attachment sites vs. healthy skin showed that 4,355 genes were differentially expressed, indicating local up-regulation of several immune pathways and activation of tissue repair mechanisms. Comparison between resistant and susceptible animals highlighted expression differences in several immune response and pattern recognition genes, and also myogenic and iron availability factors. Components of the pathways involved in differential response to sea lice may be targets for studies aimed at improved or novel treatment strategies, or to prioritize candidate functional polymorphisms to enhance genomic selection for host resistance in commercial salmon breeding programs

Responsabilidad extracontractual del Estado por desplazamiento forzado de personas

En un principio, la teoría de la reparación del daño causado por acción u omisión atribuible al sujeto-Estado se enfrentó al dogma de la irresponsabilidad. Un paradigma que en el contexto del nuevo derecho constitucional no debe permitírsele vigencia alguna porque ya no se trata del ejercicio de un poder divino o leviatán por ser superior a sus habitantes como tesis institucionalistas de otrora. Sin embargo, como se evidenciará, existe posición jurisprudencial que hace remembranza de ella en materia de responsabilidad del Estado por desplazamiento forzado de personas y realidades doctrinales que plantean su retorno atenuado, dado que el derecho de la responsabilidad extracontractual se presenta como una opción poco adaptada para las víctimas. De allí la necesidad de determinar el esquema de resolución al problema jurídico que formula la justicia administrativa con el fin de identificar sus particularidades y establecer la hoja de ruta trazada a la reparación de una de las violaciones más flagrantes a los derechos humanos y el Derecho Internacional Humanitario. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22518/16578953.11

Responsabilidad extracontractual del Estado por desplazamiento forzado de personas

En un principio, la teoría de la reparación del daño causado por acción u omisión atribuible al sujeto-Estado se enfrentó al dogma de la irresponsabilidad. Un paradigma que en el contexto del nuevo derecho constitucional no debe permitírsele vigencia alguna porque ya no se trata del ejercicio de un poder divino o leviatán por ser superior a sus habitantes como tesis institucionalistas de otrora. Sin embargo, como se evidenciará, existe posición jurisprudencial que hace remembranza de ella en materia de responsabilidad del Estado por desplazamiento forzado de personas y realidades doctrinales que plantean su retorno atenuado, dado que el derecho de la responsabilidad extracontractual se presenta como una opción poco adaptada para las víctimas. De allí la necesidad de determinar el esquema de resolución al problema jurídico que formula la justicia administrativa con el fin de identificar sus particularidades y establecer la hoja de ruta trazada a la reparación de una de las violaciones más flagrantes a los derechos humanos y el Derecho Internacional Humanitario. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22518/16578953.11