Analysis of the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of triple-positive breast cancer and HER2-positive breast cancer—A retrospective study

BackgroundAdjuvant chemotherapy and targeted therapy have become standard postoperative therapeutic modalities for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer(HER2-positive,HR-negative), including triple-positive breast cancer(HER2-positive,HR-positive). However, these two types of breast cancer differ in terms of pathogenesis. This article analyzes these two types of breast cancer by comparing their prognoses.MethodsThe clinicopathological characteristics of 135 patients, including 60 patients with triple-positive breast cancer and 75 patients with HER2-positive breast cancer, were analyzed to compare the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of the two groups over a 5-year period. A multifactorial Cox risk model was constructed by grouping age, menstrual status, maximum tumor diameter, number of lymph node metastases, pathological staging, and Ki-67 staining results. All statistical data were analyzed in detail using SPSS25.0 statistical software.ResultsThe 5-year OS rates of patients with breast cancer in the triple-positive and HER2-positive groups were 96.7% and 82.7%, respectively, and the 5-year DFS rates were 90% and 73.3%, respectively. The Cox results revealed that molecular staging was an independent factor affecting recurrent metastasis and survival of breast cancer patients (hazard ratio [HR] =2.199, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.296-8.266; HR = 9.994, 95% CI, 2.019-49.465).ConclusionThe 5-year DFS and OS rates were significantly better in the triple-positive group than in the HER2-positive group. Subgroups received different prognosis for different chemotherapy regimens. Breast cancer patients should be treated according to the risk of recurrence with symptomatic treatment and precise regulation

miR-100 Reverses Cisplatin Resistance in Breast Cancer by Suppressing HAX-1

Background/Aims: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Despite great advancements in cancer therapy in recent years, surgery and chemotherapy are still the mainstays of BC treatment. However, cancer cells usually develop mechanisms to evade cell death induced by chemotherapy. Thus, strategies are needed to reverse the chemoresistance of cancer cells. Methods: We established cisplatin-resistant BC models in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 BC cell lines through long-term exposure to cisplatin. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR was used to examine the expression of microRNA (miR)-100. MTT cell viability assays were performed to determine cell viability. Regulation of hematopoietic cell-specific protein 1-associated protein X-l (HAX-1) targeted by miR-100 was confirmed by western blotting and luciferase reporter assays. The mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. Release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytoplasm, HAX-1 expression, and activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 were detected by western blotting. Results: A clear decrease in miR-100 expression was observed in cisplatin-resistant MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells (MDA-MB-231/R and MCF-7/R). Overexpression of miR-100 increased the sensitivity of MDA-MB-231/R and MCF-7/R cells to cisplatin treatment and promoted cisplatin-induced mitochondrial apoptosis by targeting HAX-1 gene. Conclusions: MiR-100 targeted HAX-1 to increase the chemosensitivity of BC by mediating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway

Elastic Obstacle-Surmounting Pipeline-Climbing Robot with Composite Wheels

Regular inspection and maintenance can ensure safe working conditions of transport pipelines without leakage and damage. Pipeline-climbing robots can be used for rapid inspection of pipelines, effectively reducing labor costs and time consumption. For the annular pipelines outside spherical tanks, the special distribution and installation form presents more high obstacles, and puts forward higher requirements for the robot’s climbing performance and obstacle-surmounting ability. An elastic obstacle-surmounting pipeline-climbing robot with composite wheels is proposed in this paper. The designed elastic shock-absorbing suspension mechanisms and composite wheels were designed to increase the stability and obstacle-surmounting ability of the robot. The adjustable robot frame and rotating joint mechanisms allowed the robot to adapt to pipelines of different diameters and radians. Force analysis and simulation of obstacle surmounting by the robot were performed. Experiments were conducted on a 110-mm diameter pipeline to test the payload performance and obstacle-surmounting ability of the robot. With its elastic shock-absorbing suspension mechanisms, the pipeline-climbing robot could carry a 30 kg payload and stably climb the pipeline. The maximum height of obstacles surmounted by the composite wheels of the robot was 20 mm. In the process of surmounting obstacles, the velocity and inclination angle of the robot could remain relatively stable. This novel composite wheels and mechanisms can improve the performance of the pipeline-climbing robot and solve the problem of surmounting high obstacles. By carrying various equipment and instruments, the robot can promote the automated maintenance and inspection of complex pipelines

Development of a Variable-Configuration Bionic Robotic Fish

Bionic robotic fish have advantages over traditional underwater propulsion. Most of the existing studies have been conducted with only one type of fish as a bionic object, but a single propulsion mode may not be able to achieve the different needs of underwater operations. In this paper, we designed a pneumatic variable-configuration soft bionic fish and completed the overall structure design. It was built with a cownose ray as the main-configuration bionic object and a Caranx melampygus as the secondary-configuration bionic object. The base structure, actuators, and variable-configuration modules of the robot were made using flexible materials. After completing the design of the structure and control system of the robot, the prototype was manufactured and an underwater test was completed. The tests results indicated that the robot fish could achieve underwater linear propulsion and turning movements in both configurations. The maximum propulsion speed of the main configuration was 38.24 mm/s and the turning angle speed was 5.6°/s, and the maximum propulsion speed of its secondary configuration was 43.05 mm/s and the turning angle speed was 30°/s. The feasibility of the machine fish structure and control scheme were verified

Weld Seam Identification and Tracking of Inspection Robot Based on Deep Learning Network

The weld seams of large spherical tank equipment should be regularly inspected. Autonomous inspection robots can greatly enhance inspection efficiency and save costs. However, the accurate identification and tracking of weld seams by inspection robots remains a challenge. Based on the designed wall-climbing robot, an intelligent inspection robotic system based on deep learning is proposed to achieve the weld seam identification and tracking in this study. The inspection robot used mecanum wheels and permanent magnets to adsorb metal walls. In the weld seam identification, Mask R-CNN was used to segment the instance of weld seams. Through image processing combined with Hough transform, weld paths were extracted with a high accuracy. The robotic system efficiently completed the weld seam instance segmentation through training and learning with 2281 weld seam images. Experimental results indicated that the robotic system based on deep learning was faster and more accurate than previous methods, and the average time of identifying and calculating weld paths was about 180 ms, and the mask average precision (AP) was about 67.6%. The inspection robot could automatically track seam paths, and the maximum drift angle and offset distance were 3° and 10 mm, respectively. This intelligent weld seam identification system will greatly promote the application of inspection robots

Ramie Field Distribution Model and Miss Cutting Rate Prediction Based on the Statistical Analysis

Ramie is an important cash crop in China, and ramie fiber is an important raw material for the textile industry. As a shrub plant, the spatial distribution of the ramie plant is different from that of herbaceous crops, and its plant spacing and row spacing are not fixed, which affects the cutting operation during harvest. In order to solve the above problems, this study constructed a ramie spatial distribution model with statistical methods, and built a prediction model of ramie harvesting feeding quantity on this basis. Based on the analysis of the absolute motion trail of the ramie harvester cutting knife, the calculation equation of the missing cutting area was established, and then the prediction model of the mis-cutting rate was obtained. The results of the ramie field harvest showed that the prediction model of the feed quantity and mis-cutting rate was effective. These methods can provide references to the control and optimization of ramie harvester parameters

AKT isoform-specific expression and activation across cancer lineages

Abstract Background Aberrant AKT activation is prevalent across human cancer lineages, providing an important therapeutic target. AKT comprises three isoforms that mediate critical non-redundant, even opposing functions in cancer pathophysiology. Therefore, targeting specific AKT isoforms in particular cancers may be more effective than pan-AKT inhibition while avoiding disadvantages of pan-AKT inhibition. Currently, AKT isoform-specific expression and activation in cancer are not clearly characterized. Methods We systematically characterized AKT isoform-specific expression and activation in 211 cancer cell lines derived from different lineages and genetic backgrounds using a reverse-phase protein array platform. Results We found that phosphorylation, but not expression, of AKT1 and AKT2 was coordinated in most but not all cells. Different cancer lineages displayed differential AKT1 and AKT2 expression and phosphorylation. A PIK3CA hotspot mutation H1047R but not E545K was associated with selective activation of AKT2 but not AKT1. Conclusions Our study identified and validated AKT isoform-specific expression and phosphorylation in certain cell lines and demonstrated that genetic changes can affect AKT isoform-specific activation. These results provide a more precise understanding of AKT isoform-specific signaling and, in addition, facilitate AKT isoform targeting for personalized cancer therapies