Spatial–Temporal Characteristics and Influencing Factors on Carbon Emissions from Land Use in Suzhou, the World’s Largest Industrial City in China

Exploring carbon emissions in Suzhou, a city with a significant heavy industry presence, and understanding the factors that influence these emissions are crucial in achieving China’s dual-carbon goals within the framework of global climate governance. This study utilized land use data and statistical data from 2008 to 2020 in Suzhou. The carbon emission coefficient method was employed to calculate carbon emissions, while GIS technology was used to analyze their temporal and spatial distribution, as well as carbon emission risk. Additionally, the LMDI model was applied to investigate the contribution of influencing factors and TAPIO was used to analyze the decoupling relationship between the main influencing factors and carbon emissions. The study yielded the following findings: (1) From 2008 to 2020, land use changes in all regions of Suzhou are obvious, and there are mutual transformations among different land types. (2) The overall carbon emission in Suzhou showed an upward trend, with a spatial distribution characterized by higher emissions in the northern regions and lower emissions in the southern regions. (3) The risk and pressure index of carbon emission in all regions of Suzhou are too large, and the amount of carbon emission and carbon absorption is seriously out of balance, resulting in an overall carbon imbalance. (4) Among the influencing factors on land use carbon emissions in Suzhou, energy intensity exerted the strongest negative effect, and economic growth showed the strongest positive effect. (5) Decoupling analysis showed that economic growth and carbon emissions are generally shifting towards a strong decoupling and, except for Zhangjiagang, other regions have a good development model. Based on the research findings, this paper proposes specific suggestions for reducing carbon emissions, aiming to provide actionable recommendations for Suzhou and other urban areas in achieving low-carbon and environmentally sustainable cities

Biochemical and physical investigations on detoxification of ginkgo kernel juice using probiotic fermentation with macroporous resin addition

The toxicity of ginkgo kernel is a global concern, restricting its consumption as a medicinal food. This study focuses on eliminating the toxic components, specifically ginkgolic acid, from ginkgo kernel juice. The approach used was probiotic fermentation with autochthonous lactic acid bacteria combined with macroporous resin. Compared to using lactic acid fermentation alone, adding macroporous resin during probiotic fermentation significantly enhanced the removal of toxic ginkgolic acid and 4'-O-methylpyridoxine from ginkgo kernel juice. After 48 h of fermentation with macroporous resin, the contents of ginkgolic acid and 4'-O-methylpyridoxine decreased by more than 69% and 61%, respectively. Interestingly, the adsorption of microbial growth inhibitors, such as ginkgolic acid, 4'-O-methylpyridoxine, and phenolics, by the resin did not hinder the growth of lactic acid bacteria or their metabolic activities involving organic acids and monosaccharides. The study further confirmed that microbial adsorption was the primary reason for removing ginkgolic acid during probiotic fermentation. Also, the adsorption mechanism of ginkgolic acid during probiotic fermentation with macroporous resin was explored. From a mass transfer perspective, incorporating macroporous resin during the probiotic fermentation of ginkgo kernel juice reduced the mass transfer resistance for surface diffusion. Consequently, this lowered the contribution of surface diffusion to the overall diffusion process and facilitated the efficient removal of toxic ginkgolic acid. This work can help to understand the physical mechanism regarding detoxification of ginkgo kernel juice by probiotic fermentation, and offer potential strategies to enhance the safety of ginkgo kernel products

Data from: Development of HPLC-ELSD method for determination of phytochelatins and glutathione in Perilla frutescens under cadmium stress condition

A rapid, accurate and simple method was developed for the simultaneous determination of glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatins (PCs) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with evaporative light-scattering detector(ELSD). GSH, Phytochelatin 2 (PC2), phytochelatin 3 (PC3), phytochelatin 4 (PC4), phytochelatin 5 (PC5) and phytochelatin 6 (PC6) can be separated with baseline separation within 9 minutes using a Venusil AA column (250 mm × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 μm particle sizes). The acetonitrile (A) and water containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (0.1% TFA, B) were employed as the mobile phase for the gradient elution. The drifttube temperature and flow rateofcarriergas (N2) were 50℃ and 1.5 L·min-1, respectively. Under the optimum conditions, good linear regression equations of six analytes were obtained with the detection limits ranging from 0.2 to 0.5 µg·mL-1. The proposed method has been applied successfully for the quantification of GSH and PCs in Perilla frutescens (a cadmium hyperaccumulator) under cadmium stress. The recoveries were between 82.9% and 115.3%

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