An empirical study of bugs in software build systems

NSF

Risk factors and early markers for echovirus type 11 associated haemorrhage-hepatitis syndrome in neonates, a retrospective cohort study

BackgroundEchovirus type 11(E-11) can cause fatal haemorrhage-hepatitis syndrome in neonates. This study aims to investigate clinical risk factors and early markers of E-11 associated neonatal haemorrhage-hepatitis syndrome.MethodsThis is a multicentre retrospective cohort study of 105 neonates with E-11 infection in China. Patients with haemorrhage-hepatitis syndrome (the severe group) were compared with those with mild disease. Clinical risk factors and early markers of haemorrhage-hepatitis syndrome were analysed. In addition, cytokine analysis were performed in selective patients to explore the immune responses.ResultsIn addition to prematurity, low birth weight, premature rupture of fetal membrane, total parenteral nutrition (PN) (OR, 28.7; 95% CI, 2.8–295.1) and partial PN (OR, 12.9; 95% CI, 2.2–77.5) prior to the onset of disease were identified as risk factors of developing haemorrhage-hepatitis syndrome. Progressive decrease in haemoglobin levels (per 10 g/L; OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1–2.0) and platelet (PLT) < 140 × 10⁹/L at early stage of illness (OR, 17.7; 95% CI, 1.4–221.5) were associated with the development of haemorrhage-hepatitis syndrome. Immunological workup revealed significantly increased interferon-inducible protein-10(IP-10) (P < 0.0005) but decreased IFN-α (P < 0.05) in peripheral blood in severe patients compared with the mild cases.ConclusionsPN may potentiate the development of E-11 associated haemorrhage-hepatitis syndrome. Early onset of thrombocytopenia and decreased haemoglobin could be helpful in early identification of neonates with the disease. The low level of IFN-α and elevated expression of IP-10 may promote the progression of haemorrhage-hepatitis syndrome

A Journey into the City. Migrant Workers' Relation with the Urban Space and Struggle for Existence in Xu Zechen's Early Jingpiao Fiction

In contemporary China, rural-urban migrants constitute a new urban subject with entirely new identity-related issues. This study aims at demonstrating how literature can be a valid field in investigating such evolving subjectivities, through an analysis of Xu Zechen’s early novellas depicting migrants’ vicissitudes in Beijing. Combining a close reading of the texts and a review of the main social problems characterising rural-urban migration in China, this paper focuses on the representation of the identity crisis within the migrant self in Xu’s stories, taking into account the network of meanings employed by the writer to signify the objective and subjective tension between the city and the countryside

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

A fission-track and (U-Th)/He thermochronometric study of the northern margin of the South China Sea: an example of a complex passive margin

Zircon fission track (ZFT), apatite fission track (AFT) and (U–Th)/He thermochronometric data are used to reconstruct the Cenozoic exhumation history of the South China continental margin. A south to north sample transect from coast to continental interior yielded ZFT ages between 116.6 ± 4.7 Ma and 87.3 ± 4.0, indicating that by the Late Cretaceous samples were at depths of 5–6 km in the upper crust. Apatite FT ages range between 60.9 ± 3.6 and 37.3 ± 2.3 Ma with mean track lengths between 13.26 ± 0.16 µm and 13.95 ± 0.19 µm whilst AHe ages are marginally younger 47.5 ± 1.9–15.3 ± 0.5 Ma. These results show the sampled rocks resided in the top 1–1.5 km of the crust for most of the Cenozoic. Thermal history modeling of the combined FT and (U–Th)/He datasets reveal a common three stage cooling history which differed systematically in timing inland away from the rifted margin. 1) Initial phase of rapid cooling that youngs to the north, 2) a period of relative (but not perfect) thermal stasis at ~ 70–60 °C which increases in duration from the south to the north; 3) final-stage cooling to surface temperatures that initiated in all samples between 15 and 10 Ma. The timing and pattern of rock uplift and erosion does not fit with conventional passive margin landscape models that require youngest exhumation ages to be concentrated at or close to the rifted margin. The history of South China margin is more complex aided by weakened crust from the active margin period that immediately preceded rifting and opening of the South China Sea. This rheological inheritance created a transition zone of steeply thinned crust that served as a flexural filter disconnecting the northern margin of the South China block and site of active rifting to the south. Consequently whilst the South China margin displays many features of a rifted continental margin its exhumation history does not conform to conventional images of a passive margin

Network analysis of aging acceleration reveals systematic properties of 11 types of cancers

Cancers are known to be associated with accelerated aging, but to date, there has been a paucity of systematic and in‐depth studies of the correlation between aging and cancer. DNA methylation (DNAm) profiles can be used as aging markers and utilized to construct aging predictors. In this study, we downloaded 333 paired samples of DNAm, expression and mutation profiles encompassing 11 types of tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas public access portal. The DNAm aging scores were calculated using the Support Vector Machine regression model. The DNAm aging scores of cancers revealed significant aging acceleration compared to adjacent normal tissues. Aging acceleration‐associated mutation modules and expression modules were identified in 11 types of cancers. In addition, we constructed bipartite networks of mutations and expression, and the differential expression modules related to aging‐associated mutations were selected in 11 types of cancers using the expression quantitative trait locus method. The results of enrichment analyses also identified common functions across cancers and cancer‐specific characteristics of aging acceleration. The aging acceleration interaction network across cancers suggested a core status of thyroid carcinoma and neck squamous cell carcinoma in the aging process. In summary, we have identified correlations between aging and cancers and revealed insights into the biological functions of the modules in aging and cancers