EMS decoding algorithm that introduced shuffled strategy and improved variable node update

Non-binary LDPC codes have excellent performance, but the decoding algorithm is complex. EMS algorithm reduces the search space of the check equation by truncating the iterative message vector, and exchanges performance for lower complexity. In this paper, we propose an EMS decoding algorithm (Shuffled_VNU_EMS) with a shuffled strategy and improved variable node update. This algorithm updates by column, so that the latest variable node information of the last column can be used. At the same time, to reduce the information oscillation, a weighting factor ß is introduced when updating the variable node information,ß= 0.9. The simulation results show that when the code length is 512, the code rate is 0.5 and the bit error rate is 10-4, the coding gain of the shuffled VNU EMS algorithm proposed in this paper is 0.18 dB higher than that of the classical EMS algorithm

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Automatic segmentation framework of X-Ray tomography data for multi-phase rock using Swin Transformer approach

Abstract A thorough understanding of the impact of the 3D meso-structure on damage and failure patterns is essential for revealing the failure conditions of composite rock materials such as coal, concrete, marble, and others. This paper presents a 3D XCT dataset of coal rock with 1372 slices (each slice contains 1720 × 1771 pixels in x × y direction). The 3D XCT datasets were obtained by MicroXMT-400 using the 225/320kv Nikon Metris custom bay. The raw datasets were processed by an automatic semantic segmentation method based on the Swin Transformer (Swin-T) architecture, which aims to overcome the issue of large errors and low efficiency for traditional methods. The hybrid loss function proposed can also effectively mitigate the influence of large volume features in the training process by incorporating modulation terms into the cross entropy loss, thereby enhancing the accuracy of segmentation for small volume features. This dataset will be available to the related researchers for further finite element analysis or microstructural statistical analysis, involving complex physical and mechanical behaviors at different scales

Characteristic metabolic and microbial profiles in acute ischemic stroke patients with phlegm-heat pattern

Objective: To explore the characteristics of plasma metabolites, feces gut microbiota and the crosstalk between gut microbiota and host metabolism in patients with acute ischemic stroke and phlegm-heat pattern (AIS-PHP). Methods: The metabolic and microbiome profiles of 20 AIS-PHP patients and 20 healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based metabolomics and 16s rDNA sequencing, respectively. The covariation between LC-MS/MS-based metabolite data and 16s rDNA sequence data was presented. Results: Distinct alterations in the plasma metabolic phenotype of AIS-PHP patients were found, in which 16 metabolites differed significantly between the AIS-PHP patients and the HCs. These metabolites represented 17 different metabolic pathways, including amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism. Additionally, significant alterations of gut microbiota composition and taxon were revealed at the phylum level between the AIS-PHP patients and the HCs. In AIS-PHP, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria dominated. Moreover, some microbes that differed between the 2 groups manifested a sole association with certain metabolites, such as the connection between Bacteroides and inosine and between Lachnospiraceae_unclassified and hypoxanthine. Conclusion: The present study preliminarily investigated the metabolomic and gut microbiome characteristics of AIS-PHP patient indicators. The link between metabolic and microbial dysbiosis in AIS-PHP sheds new light on the function of gut microbiota and associated metabolomics in the pathogenesis of the disease

Suppression of DLBCL Progression by the E3 Ligase Trim35 Is Mediated by CLOCK Degradation and NK Cell Infiltration

The majority of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients develop relapsed or refractory disease after standard ruxolitinib, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) chemotherapy, which is partly related to a dysregulated tumor immune microenvironment. However, how the infiltration of immune cells is appropriately regulated is poorly understood. Herein, we show that the E3 ubiquitin ligase Trim35 is expressed at low levels in human DLBCL tissues. We also show that overexpression of Trim35 suppresses DLBCL cell proliferation and correlates with inferior survival in DLBCL patients. Our mechanistic study shows that Trim35 functions as an E3 ligase to mediate the ubiquitination and degradation of CLOCK, a key regulator of circadian rhythmicity. High expression of Trim35 correlates with NK cell infiltration in DLBCL, partly due to the degradation of CLOCK. Consistently, patients with high expression of CLOCK show poor overall survival. Overall, these findings suggest that Trim35 suppresses the progression of DLBCL by modulating the tumor immune microenvironment, indicating that it may be a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in DLBCL