Is there Health Insurance in Greece outside EOPYY? Feasibility analysis of creating an independent, private Health Fund for Employees of the Banking Sector

Το χρηματοδοτικό αδιέξοδο και οι λειτουργικές αδυναμίες του νέου ΕΟΠΥΥ το 2011 οδήγησαν την κεντρική διοίκηση στην -ορθή- πρόβλεψη της μη υποχρεωτικότητας της ένταξης στο νέο φορέα των κλάδων που αποδεδειγμένα έχουν προοπτικές βιωσιμότητας. Υπό τη συνθήκη αυτή, η παρούσα μελέτη εξετάζει το κατά πόσο είναι σκόπιμη και εφικτή η δημιουργία ενός αυτόνομουενιαίου ταμείου υγείας τραπεζικών, το οποίο θα λειτουργεί ως νομικό πρόσωπο ιδιωτικού δικαίου και δεν θα επιβαρύνει με τυχόν ελλείμματα τον κρατικό προϋπολογισμό. Η εν λόγω προσέγγιση αποσκοπεί στο να διαμορφώσει ένα υπόδειγμα για περαιτέρω αντίστοιχες αναλύσεις εν όψει της ολοκλήρωσης του νέου χάρτη της ασφάλισης υγείας στη χώρα.Τhe funding impasse and the operational malfunction of the new organization (EOPOYY) in 2011 necessitated the provision for an exemption from this rule, applicable to health insurance funds which could prove their sustainability outside EOPYY. The objective of this paper is to assess the feasibility and viability of the creation of an independent health insurance fund foremployees of the banking sector, which would operate as a private entity and would not burden the state budget with its deficits. The paper aims to develop a paradigm for further analyses as we move towards the establishment of a new, national, health insurance structure

Is there Health Insurance in Greece outside EOPYY? Feasibility analysis of creating an independent, private Health Fund for Employees of the Banking Sector

Το χρηματοδοτικό αδιέξοδο και οι λειτουργικές αδυναμίες του νέου ΕΟΠΥΥ το 2011 οδήγησαν την κεντρική διοίκηση στην -ορθή- πρόβλεψη της μη υποχρεωτικότητας της ένταξης στο νέο φορέα των κλάδων που αποδεδειγμένα έχουν προοπτικές βιωσιμότητας. Υπό τη συνθήκη αυτή, η παρούσα μελέτη εξετάζει το κατά πόσο είναι σκόπιμη και εφικτή η δημιουργία ενός αυτόνομουενιαίου ταμείου υγείας τραπεζικών, το οποίο θα λειτουργεί ως νομικό πρόσωπο ιδιωτικού δικαίου και δεν θα επιβαρύνει με τυχόν ελλείμματα τον κρατικό προϋπολογισμό. Η εν λόγω προσέγγιση αποσκοπεί στο να διαμορφώσει ένα υπόδειγμα για περαιτέρω αντίστοιχες αναλύσεις εν όψει της ολοκλήρωσης του νέου χάρτη της ασφάλισης υγείας στη χώρα.Τhe funding impasse and the operational malfunction of the new organization (EOPOYY) in 2011 necessitated the provision for an exemption from this rule, applicable to health insurance funds which could prove their sustainability outside EOPYY. The objective of this paper is to assess the feasibility and viability of the creation of an independent health insurance fund foremployees of the banking sector, which would operate as a private entity and would not burden the state budget with its deficits. The paper aims to develop a paradigm for further analyses as we move towards the establishment of a new, national, health insurance structure

POKRETANJE ZDRAVSTVENIH REFORMI U MEĐURATNOM RAZDOBLJU: SLUČAJ GRČKE I ULOGA ZDRAVSTVENE ORGANIZACIJE LIGE NARODA

During the Interwar period (1918–1939), financial aid and technical assistance were given to countries worldwide by the League of Nations Health Organisation (LNHO) in an attempt to reform public health systems, address population health problems, and control infectious diseases. Greece was one of the countries that received this aid, and in 1928 cooperation with the LNHO was initiated. The aim of this alliance was an integrated health reform plan entitled “Collaboration with the Greek government for the sanitary reorganization of Greece” and had a dual purpose: a) the reorganisation of the health services and b) the establishment of a unified public health system that provided comprehensive healthcare for all citizens. The current article discusses the collaboration between Greece and the LNHO and their endeavour to reorganise the health system during the Interwar period. More specifically, it investigates the significant legislative and policy initiatives and their impact on the health system’s evolution. In addition, it aims to explore the factors that affected the outcome of LNHO’s reform plan. It is also argued that the proposed health reform plan was not fully implemented due to intense political and social conflicts that resulted from the institutional measures taken to address public health problems as well as financial and technical constraints.U međuratnom razdoblju (1918. – 1939.) Zdravstvena organizacija Lige naroda (ZOLN) pružala je financijsku pomoć i tehničku podršku zemljama širom svijeta u njihovu pokušaju reforme sustava javnog zdravstva, rješavanja zdravstvenih problema stanovništva i kontrole zaraznih bolesti. Grčka je bila jedna od zemalja koje su primile tu pomoć, a 1928. započela je suradnja sa ZOLN-om. Cilj je ovog saveza bio integrirani plan zdravstvene reforme pod nazivom „Suradnja s grčkom vladom za sanitarnu reorganizaciju Grčke“ i imao je dvostruku zadaću koja je pružala sveobuhvatnu zdravstvenu zaštitu za sve građane: a) reorganizaciju zdravstvenih usluga i b) uspostavu jedinstvenoga javnog zdravstvenog sustava. U članku se govori o suradnji između Grčke i ZOLN-a te njihovu nastojanju da reorganiziraju zdravstveni sustav u međuratnom razdoblju. Preciznije rečeno, istražuju se značajne zakonodavne i političke inicijative i njihov utjecaj na razvoj zdravstvenog sustava. Osim toga, cilj je istražiti čimbenike koji su utjecali na ishod plana reforme ZOLN-a. U članku se također tvrdi da predloženi plan reforme zdravstva nije u potpunosti proveden zbog intenzivnih političkih i društvenih sukoba koji su proizašli iz institucionalnih mjera poduzetih za rješavanje problema javnog zdravstva, kao i financijskih i tehničkih ograničenja

SOCIALY DEBATABLE AND SOCIAL RIGHTS. CONTRIBUTION TO THE RESEARCH OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL STATE

ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟ ΤΗΣ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΣ ΕΙΝΑΙ Η ΣΥΝΤΑΓΜΑΤΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ ΠΡΟΣΕΓΓΙΣΗ ΤΗΣ ΚΑΝΟΝΙΣΤΙΚΗΣ ΠΥΚΝΟΤΗΤΑΣ ΤΩΝ ΔΙΑΤΑΞΕΩΝ ΠΟΥ ΚΑΤΟΧΥΡΩΝΟΥΝ ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΑ ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑΤΑ. Η ΜΕΘΟΔΟΣ ΤΗΣ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΣ ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΤΑΙ ΣΤΗΝ ΣΥΝΔΕΣΗ ΤΩΝ ΕΠΙΜΕΡΟΥΣ ΑΠΟΨΕΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΠΟΥ ΕΧΟΥΝ ΥΠΟΣΤΗΡΙΧΘΕΙ ΣΧΕΤΙΚΑ ΜΕ ΤΗ ΝΟΜΙΚΗ ΦΥΣΗ ΤΩΝ ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΩΝ ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑΤΩΝ, ΜΕ ΜΙΑΣΕΙΡΑ ΠΡΟΑΝΤΙΛΗΨΕΩΝ-ΠΡΟΕΡΜΗΝΕΥΤΙΚΩΝ ΕΠΙΛΟΓΩΝ ΓΥΡΩ ΑΠΟ ΤΗΝ ΣΧΕΣΗ ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ ΚΑΙ ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑΣ, ΤΟ ΔΙΚΑΙΟ, ΤΟΝ ΡΟΛΟ ΤΟΥ ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΗΝ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΗ ΠΡΟΔΙΑΘΕΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΕΡΜΗΝΕΥΤΗ. ΩΣ ΕΡΜΗΝΕΥΤΙΚΗ ΠΡΟΤΑΣΗ ΥΠΟΣΤΗΡΙΖΕΤΑΙ Η ΠΡΟΣΕΓΓΙΣΗ ΤΩΝ ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΩΝ ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑΤΩΝ ΜΕ ΒΑΣΗ ΤΟ ΕΡΓΑΛΕΙΟ ΤΗΣ ΣΥΝΤΑΓΜΑΤΙΚΗΣ ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΙΚΟΤΗΤΑΣ.THE OBJECT OF THIS THESIS IS THE ATTEMPT TO CLARIFY THE LEGAL CONTENT OF CONSTITUTIONAL CANONS WHICH REFER TO SOCIAL RIGHTS. THE WORK METHOD CONSISTS OF THECONNECTION OF THE DIFFERENT ARGUMENTS, REFERING TO THE LEGAL CONTENT OF THE SOCIAL RIGHTS, WITH DIFFERENT OPINIONS OR VIEWPOINTS IN REFERENCE TO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STATE AND SOCIETY OR THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LAW AND POLITICS. AS AN ANSWER TO THIS PROBLEM IT IS PROPOSED THAT THE INTERPRETER SHOULD USE THE CONSTITUTIONAL REALITY WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE EUROPEAN UNIFICATION

Pharmaceutical regulation in Greece at the crossroad of change: Economic, political and constitutional considerations for a new regulatory paradigm

This paper examines the economic, political and legal characteristics of the Greek pharmaceutical market, which is largely affected by the paradox of state intervention: while pharmaceutical regulation is mainly directed towards a rationalisation of total pharmaceutical expenditure, all measures taken to date aim at exhaustive pricing controls, i.e. interventions on the supply side alone, disregarding the “balloon” effect of shrinking prices on the expanding volume of consumption. As a result, pharmaceutical expenditure has been steadily rising, adding a disproportional burden on both social insurance and private income. The “unconstitutionality” of current pricing regulations exerted further pressure for a comprehensive reform. The paper proposes an alternative regulatory paradigm, which is loosely founded on European experience with regulating pharmaceutical markets. The conclusions of the economic, political and constitutional analysis help formulate a proposal for a comprehensive pharmaceutical policy that could assure the financial viability of the system as well as adhere to the principle of “legality”, as the latter is constitutionally defined. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved