A sterilizable high-impact antenna

Rectangular cup antenna withstands indirect impacts up to 10,000g and direct impacts up to 250 ft/sec of impact velocity and provides radiation of selected polarization and beam shape. It has high radiating efficiency, and relatively broad bandwidth

A conceptual model of foreign investment : a forestry internationalization case between New Zealand and Korea : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Agricultural Economics at Massey University

The purpose of this thesis is to explore comprehensive, strategic investment structure by examining the factor interactions revolving around the current issues which confront New Zealand forestry internationalisation in the global economic perspectives. This thesis presents the prototype of a conceptual model of international forestry as a modified joint venture\ trust system by examining the existing institutional and legal structure. Considering the global, conceptual nature of this thesis, macro-theoretical and institutional approach were adopted instead of statistical, micro analysis. In order to derive a micro, realistic solution from the macro, global issues, the flow of basic logic and scope of this research has been advanced progressively such as Worldwide (global) --- Asia Pacific Rim (multilateral) Bilateral (eg., New Zealand versus Korea) --- Bilateral arrangement (eg., modified joint venture \ Trust system). Also, basic components and scenarios which are useful to seek out alternatives were proposed to solve the current problems which face New Zealand forestry. The conceptual model which is proposed in this thesis could be tested and applied not only in bilateral but also in multilateral trade and investment relationships by modifying it to adjust to specific circumstances. In this way, the credibility gap between the conceptual model and real world is greatly diminished. Ultimately, the conceptual model could contribute as a useful mechanism to analyse international factor mobility between resource-demanding and supplying countries

The Incidence of Financial Transactions Taxes

As financial transactions taxes (FTT) have moved to be part of the mainstream debate on tax policy, there has been increased attention to the incidence of such taxes. This is an important aspect to the debate, since the merits of the tax will depend to a substantial extent on who will end up bearing the burden. There are three key issues in making this assessment:1) Which groups directly bear the burden in the sense of carrying through trades that will be subject to the tax;2) The extent to which tax payments will be offset by a reduction in trading volume, which lowers transaction costs; and3) The extent to which reduced trading will lead to a less efficient allocation of capital, and therefore reduce growth and output.The issues associated with the first point are straightforward, even if the data may not be as clear as would be desirable. The allocation of the tax will be in proportion to the volume of trading by each income group, however, there are not reliable data for trading by income group. As a first approximation, it can be assumed that trading is proportional to the financial assets held by each income group. These data are available from the Federal Reserve Board's Survey of Consumer Finances.The second issue depends on the elasticity of trading volume with respect to the cost of trading. If trading is very responsive to changes in transactions costs, then reductions in trading volume can offset much or even all of the tax. Investors may have to pay the tax on trades they conduct, but they will save money on other transactions costs because they do less trading. There is research that provides evidence on trading elasticity, although it does leave a wide range of uncertainty.The third issue is the most important one. If the high current volume of trading is somehow leading to a better allocation of capital, then reducing trading volume will lead to a less efficient allocation of capital. In this case, FTTs will lead to slower growth and less output. Here, the incidence of the tax depends on the apportionment of this lower level of output. Insofar as it means lower returns to capital, households will lose if they own capital. Insofar as it means lower returns to labor (i.e. lower wages) households will lose if they have workers relying on labor income.This paper discusses these issues in further detail, assessing what the evidence shows on each issue