1,503 research outputs found
Manipulation of spin dephasing in InAs quantum wires
The spin dephasing due to the Rashba spin-orbit coupling, especially its
dependence on the direction of the electric field is studied in InAs quantum
wire. We find that the spin dephasing is strongly affected by the angle of
Rashba effective magnetic field and the applied magnetic field. The
nonlinearity in spin dephasing time versus the direction of the electric field
shows a potential evenue to manipulate the spin lifetime in spintronic device.
Moreover, we figure out a quantity that can well represent the inhomogeneous
broadening of the system which may help us to understand the many-body spin
dephasing due to the Rashba effect.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Exponential Separation of Quantum and Classical Online Space Complexity
Although quantum algorithms realizing an exponential time speed-up over the
best known classical algorithms exist, no quantum algorithm is known performing
computation using less space resources than classical algorithms. In this
paper, we study, for the first time explicitly, space-bounded quantum
algorithms for computational problems where the input is given not as a whole,
but bit by bit. We show that there exist such problems that a quantum computer
can solve using exponentially less work space than a classical computer. More
precisely, we introduce a very natural and simple model of a space-bounded
quantum online machine and prove an exponential separation of classical and
quantum online space complexity, in the bounded-error setting and for a total
language. The language we consider is inspired by a communication problem (the
set intersection function) that Buhrman, Cleve and Wigderson used to show an
almost quadratic separation of quantum and classical bounded-error
communication complexity. We prove that, in the framework of online space
complexity, the separation becomes exponential.Comment: 13 pages. v3: minor change
Absence of singular superconducting fluctuation corrections to thermal conductivity
We evaluate the superconducting fluctuation corrections to thermal
conductivity in the normal state which diverge as T approaches T_c. We find
zero total contribution for one, two and three-dimensional superconductors for
arbitrary impurity concentration. The method used is diagrammatic many-body
theory, and all contributions -- Aslamazov-Larkin (AL), Maki-Thompson (MT), and
density-of-states (DOS) -- are considered. The AL contribution is convergent,
whilst the divergences of the DOS and MT diagrams exactly cancel.Comment: 4 pages text; 2 figure
Some remarks on the isoperimetric problem for the higher eigenvalues of the Robin and Wentzell Laplacians
We consider the problem of minimising the th eigenvalue, , of
the (-)Laplacian with Robin boundary conditions with respect to all domains
in of given volume . When , we prove that the second
eigenvalue of the -Laplacian is minimised by the domain consisting of the
disjoint union of two balls of equal volume, and that this is the unique domain
with this property. For and , we prove that in many cases a
minimiser cannot be independent of the value of the constant in the
boundary condition, or equivalently of the volume . We obtain similar
results for the Laplacian with generalised Wentzell boundary conditions .Comment: 16 page
Singular open book structures from real mappings
We prove extensions of Milnor's theorem for germs with nonisolated
singularity and use them to find new classes of genuine real analytic mappings
with positive dimensional singular locus \Sing \psi \subset
\psi^{-1}(0), for which the Milnor fibration exists and yields an open book
structure with singular binding.Comment: more remark
Rotating Resonator-Oscillator Experiments to Test Lorentz Invariance in Electrodynamics
In this work we outline the two most commonly used test theories (RMS and
SME) for testing Local Lorentz Invariance (LLI) of the photon. Then we develop
the general framework of applying these test theories to resonator experiments
with an emphasis on rotating experiments in the laboratory. We compare the
inherent sensitivity factors of common experiments and propose some new
configurations. Finally we apply the test theories to the rotating cryogenic
experiment at the University of Western Australia, which recently set new
limits in both the RMS and SME frameworks [hep-ph/0506074].Comment: Submitted to Lecture Notes in Physics, 36 pages, minor modifications,
updated list of reference
A Connection between Twistors and Superstring Sigma Models on Coset Superspaces
We consider superstring sigma models that are based on coset superspaces G/H
in which H arises as the fixed point set of an order-4 automorphism of G. We
show by means of twistor theory that the corresponding first-order system,
consisting of the Maurer-Cartan equations and the equations of motion, arises
from a dimensional reduction of some generalised self-dual Yang-Mills equations
in eight dimensions. Such a relationship might help shed light on the explicit
construction of solutions to the superstring equations including their hidden
symmetry structures and thus on the properties of their gauge theory duals.Comment: v3: 16 pages, typos fixed and minor clarifications adde
B^F Theory and Flat Spacetimes
We propose a reduced constrained Hamiltonian formalism for the exactly
soluble theory of flat connections and closed two-forms over
manifolds with topology . The reduced phase space
variables are the holonomies of a flat connection for loops which form a basis
of the first homotopy group , and elements of the second
cohomology group of with value in the Lie algebra . When
, and if the two-form can be expressed as , for some
vierbein field , then the variables represent a flat spacetime. This is not
always possible: We show that the solutions of the theory generally represent
spacetimes with ``global torsion''. We describe the dynamical evolution of
spacetimes with and without global torsion, and classify the flat spacetimes
which admit a locally homogeneous foliation, following Thurston's
classification of geometric structures.Comment: 21 pp., Mexico Preprint ICN-UNAM-93-1
Results from Bottomonia Production at the Tevatron and Prospects for the LHC
We extend our previous analysis on inclusive heavy quarkonia hadroproduction
to the whole Upsilon(nS) (n=1,2,3) resonance family. We use a Monte Carlo
framework with the colour-octet mechanism implemented in the PYTHIA event
generator. We include in our study higher order QCD effects such as
initial-state emission of gluons and Altarelli-Parisi evolution of final-state
gluons. We extract some NRQCD colour-octet matrix elements relevant for
Upsilon(nS) (n=1,2,3) hadroproduction from CDF data at the Fermilab Tevatron.
Then we extrapolate to LHC energies to predict prompt bottomonia production
rates. Finally, we examine the prospect to probe the gluon density in protons
from heavy quarkonia inclusive hadroproduction at high transverse momentum and
its feasibility in LHC general-purpose experiments.Comment: LaTeX, 30 pages, 30 EPS figure
Spin relaxation time, spin dephasing time and ensemble spin dephasing time in -type GaAs quantum wells
We investigate the spin relaxation and spin dephasing of -type GaAs
quantum wells. We obtain the spin relaxation time , the spin dephasing
time and the ensemble spin dephasing time by solving the
full microscopic kinetic spin Bloch equations, and we show that, analogous to
the common sense in an isotropic system for conduction electrons, ,
and are identical due to the short correlation time. The
inhomogeneous broadening induced by the D'yakonov-Perel term is suppressed by
the scattering, especially the Coulomb scattering, in this system.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, to be published in Phys. Lett.
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