TOBACCO'S IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE ECONOMY OF SOUTHSIDE VIRGINIA

Community/Rural/Urban Development, Crop Production/Industries,

Quartz chemistry of granitic pegmatites: Implications for classification, genesis and exploration

Quartz from 254 pegmatites representing eight pegmatite fields and provinces worldwide was investigated by laser-ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) to determine concentrations of trace elements Al, Ti, Li, Ge, B, Be, Rb, Na, K, Ca, P, Ga, Sb, Zn and U. A total of 271 new analyses combined with 535 published LA-ICP-MS quartz chemistry data were evaluated with binary and ternary trace element discrimination plots and principal component analysis (PCA). The classifications applied for discrimination of pegmatite types include the widely applied NYF(Nb-Y-F) - LCT(Li-Cs-Ta) classification and the new RMG (pegmatites derived from residual melts of granite magmatism) - DPA (pegmatites as direct products of anatexis) grouping. Pegmatites of both classifications can be well distinguished via Al-Ti, Al-Li and Al/Ti-Ge/Ti binary trace element plots and the Ti - Al/10 - 10*Ge ternary diagram. PCA applied to Al, Li, Ti, Be, B, Ge and Rb contents in quartz allowed to further distinguish between anatectic DPA-1 (Li-enriched DPA) and granite-pluton-derived RMG-1 (Li-enriched RMG) pegmatites. Some pegmatite fields and provinces (Hagendorf-Pleystein, Oxford County) are distinguishable by region-specific Li, Ge and Al contents. The results imply that the chemistry of pegmatite quartz is mainly controlled by the origin (source rock chemistry) of pegmatite melts and, to a much lesser extent, by the geodynamic setting of the pegmatite fields and provinces. Chemically primitive NYF and DPA-2 type pegmatites contain quartz with the lowest total trace-element contents and lowest internal-pegmatite trace-element variation, making it potentially suitable for high-tech application. Pegmatite quartz containing >30 μgg-1 Li and >100 μgg-1 Al is strongly indicative of economic spodumene/montebrasite mineralization and, thus, serves as a strong Li-mineralization pathfinder mineral. Quartz with >5 μgg-1 B may be a potential indicator for gem-quality tourmaline mineralization.Fil: Müller, Axel. University of Oslo; Noruega. Natural History Museum; Reino UnidoFil: Keyser, William. University of Oslo; NoruegaFil: Simmons, William B.. Maine Mineral And Gem Museum; Estados UnidosFil: Webber, Karen. Maine Mineral And Gem Museum; Estados UnidosFil: Wise, Michael. Smithsonian Institution; Estados UnidosFil: Beurlen, Hartmut. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; BrasilFil: Garate Olave, Idoia. Universidad del País Vasco; EspañaFil: Roda Robles, Encarnación. Universidad del País Vasco; EspañaFil: Galliski, Miguel Angel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentin

Eagle Wallet

The COVID-19 pandemic has pushed the world towards contactless technology. With the increase of these tech innovations the advantages have become clear. Using a smart phone to pay for items is convenient and efficient. The “Eagle Wallet” Android application utilizes Radio Frequency ID (RFID)/Near Field Communications (NFC) technology so students, faculty, and staff can use their smart phone to pay for meals. The application allows users to take advantage of the University’s “Dining Dollars” discount of ten percent off posted prices as well as view progress of any meal plans purchased. The user’s login credentials are stored safely in a remote server, and bank information uses bank grade security. The future implementations for the application would be to have the application work with on campus scanners at vending machines, campus merchants, bookstore, and buildings. The less contact between people and public items the less the virus is spread on campus

Chiral Dynamics and Heavy Quark Symmetry in a Toy Field Theoretic Model

We study a solvable QCD--like toy theory, a generalization of the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model, which implements chiral symmetries of light quarks and heavy quark symmetry. The chiral symmetric and chiral broken phases can be dynamically tuned. This implies a parity doubled heavy--light meson system, corresponding to a $(0^-,1^-)$ multiplet and a $(0^+,1^+)$ heavy spin multiplet. Consequently the mass difference of the two multiplets is given by a Goldberger--Treiman relation and $g_A$ is found to be small. The Isgur--Wise function, $\xi(w)$, the decay constant, $f_B$, and other observables are studied.Comment: 42 pages, SSCL-PP-243; Fermi-Pub-93/059-

Efficacy and safety of ipratropium bromide/albuterol compared with albuterol in patients with moderate-to-severe asthma: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background Many patients with asthma require frequent rescue medication for acute symptoms despite appropriate controller therapies. Thus, determining the most effective relief regimen is important in the management of more severe asthma. This study’s objective was to evaluate whether ipratropium bromide/albuterol metered-dose inhaler (CVT-MDI) provides more effective acute relief of bronchospasm in moderate-to-severe asthma than albuterol hydrofluoroalkaline (ALB-HFA) alone after 4 weeks. Methods In this double-blind, crossover study, patients who had been diagnosed with asthma for ≥1 year were randomized to two sequences of study medication “as needed” for symptom relief (1–7 day washout before second 4-week treatment period): CVT-MDI/ALB-HFA or ALB-HFA/CVT-MDI. On days 1 and 29 of each sequence, 6-hour serial spirometry was performed after administration of the study drug. Co-primary endpoints were FEV 1 area under the curve (AUC 0–6 ) and peak (post-dose) forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1 ) response (change from test day baseline) after 4 weeks. The effects of “as needed” treatment with ALB-HFA/CVT-MDI were analyzed using mixed effect model repeated measures (MMRM). Results A total of 226 patients, ≥18 years old, with inadequately controlled, moderate-to-severe asthma were randomized. The study met both co-primary endpoints demonstrating a statistically significant treatment benefit of CVT-MDI versus ALB-HFA. FEV 1 AUC 0-6h response was 167 ml for ALB-HFA, 252 ml for CVT-MDI (p <0.0001); peak FEV 1 response was 357 ml for ALB-HFA, 434 ml for CVT-MDI (p <0.0001). Adverse events were comparable across groups. Conclusions CVT-MDI significantly improved acute bronchodilation over ALB-HFA alone after 4 weeks of “as-needed” use for symptom relief, with a similar safety profile. This suggests additive bronchodilator effects of β 2 -agonist and anticholinergic treatment in moderate-to-severe, symptomatic asthma. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov No.: NCT00818454; Registered November 16, 2009

Chiral Multiplets of Heavy-Light Mesons

The recent discovery of a narrow resonance in D_s+pi^0 by the BABAR collaboration is consistent with the interpretation of a heavy J^P(0+,1+) spin multiplet. This system is the parity partner of the groundstate (0-,1-) multiplet, which we argue is required in the implementation of SU(3)_L x SU(3)_R chiral symmetry in heavy-light meson systems. The (0+,1+)->(0-,1-)+pi transition couplings satisfy a Goldberger-Treiman relation, g_pi = Delta(M)/f_pi, where Delta(M) is the mass gap. The BABAR resonance fits the 0+ state, with a kinematically blocked principal decay mode to D+K. The allowed D_s+pi, D_s+2pi and electromagnetic transitions are computed from the full chiral theory and found to be suppressed, consistent with the narrowness of the state. This state establishes the chiral mass difference for all such heavy-quark chiral multiplets, and precise predictions exist for the analogous B_s and strange doubly-heavy baryon states.Comment: 10 pages; minor editorial revisions; recomputed M1 transitio

Momentum Distribution in the Decay B-->J/psi+X

We combine the NRQCD formalism for the inclusive color singlet and octet production of charmonium states with the parton and the ACCMM model, respectively, and calculate the momentum distribution in the decay B-->J/psi+X. Neglecting the kinematics of soft gluon radiation, we find that the motion of the b quark in the bound state can account, to a large extent, for the observed spectrum. The parton model gives a satisfactory presentation of the data, provided that the heavy quark momentum distribution is taken to be soft. To be explicit, we obtain epsilon_p=O(0.008-0.012) for the parameter of the Peterson et al. distribution function. The ACCMM model can account for the data more accurately. The preferred Fermi momentum p_F=O(0.57 GeV) is in good agreement with recent studies of the heavy quark's kinetic energy.Comment: revised version to be published in Phys. Rev. D; 27 pages, LaTeX, 7 eps figures, uses a4wide.sty, epsfig.sty and amssymb.st

Origin of the Pseudogap in High-Temperature Cuprate Superconductors

Cuprate high-temperature superconductors exhibit a pseudogap in the normal state that decreases monotonically with increasing hole doping and closes at x \approx 0.19 holes per planar CuO2 while the superconducting doping range is 0.05 < x < 0.27 with optimal Tc at x \approx 0.16. Using ab initio quantum calculations at the level that leads to accurate band gaps, we found that four-Cu-site plaquettes are created in the vicinity of dopants. At x \approx 0.05 the plaquettes percolate, so that the Cu dx2y2/O p{\sigma} orbitals inside the plaquettes now form a band of states along the percolating swath. This leads to metallic conductivity and below Tc to superconductivity. Plaquettes disconnected from the percolating swath are found to have degenerate states at the Fermi level that split and lead to the pseudogap. The pseudogap can be calculated by simply counting the spatial distribution of isolated plaquettes, leading to an excellent fit to experiment. This provides strong evidence in favor of inhomogeneous plaquettes in cuprates.Comment: 24 pages (4 pages main text plus 20 pages supplement

1940: Abilene Christian College Bible Lectures - Full Text

Delivered in the Auditorium of Abilene Christian College, February, 1940, Abilene, Texas. Published April, 1940 PRICE, $1.00 FIRM FOUNDATION PUBLISHING HOUSE Austin, Texas