KAJIAN PEMANFAATAN SUMBER DAYA MAMALIA LAUT DI KEPULAUAN BERAU, KAUMANTAN TIMUR (Assessment of Cetacean Resources Utilization in Berau Islands, East Kalimantan)

This paper will explain the result of cetacean reconaissance survey including investigation of abundance and diversity of cetacean related to the designing of a co­ management Marine Protected Area (MPA) in Berau, East Kalimantan. Berau islands consist of 31 very small islands that have high marine biodiversity including mangrove, coral reefs, sea grass. It has been found by this survey that Berau waters is a corridor for cetacean migration route, beside as home for green turtles and manta ray aggregation sites in Indonesia. This reconaisance survey in the frame oj Rapid Ecological Assessment using visual and acoustic method, indicated that cetacean existence is closely related to the coral reef ecosystem and small islands. Berau islands is an integral part of 'Coral Triangle' within marine mega biodiversity area, and it is inhabited by at least 10 species ofcetacean.Conservation of marine cetacean in the frame work of MPA will ensuresustainable marine resource use, including tourism and fisheries, for the benefit of local communities. The strategies pursuant to this goal will be arrived upon through the linkage of partnerships that have been created, and the objective will be achieved by establishing a large, co-managed Marine Protected Area that will include extractive use zones, non-extractive use zones and fully protected (no-take) zones. Partnership amongstgauernment and NGOs has already been innitiated in Berau. Currently the MPA boundary covers an area of 1.2 million Hectars of Berau waters, including corridor of cetacean migration, that has been formalized through District Decree No.31/2005.Keywords: Marine Protected Area, Rapid Ecological Assessment, Marine Cetacean

Prospek Penerapan Traceability Perikanan Udang Di Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Cilacap (Implementation Prospects For Traceability of Shrimp Fisheries In Cilacap Oceanic Fishing Port)

Cilacap is one of the shrimp exporter areas in Indonesia. The exported shrimp from this area is mostly dominated by aquaculture and capture fisheries. The prospect of shrimp catch traceability has not been applied because it is still complicated in term of information about the fishing ground of shrimp and shrimp catch data from supplier and lack of governance. Shrimp fisheries in Cilacap are dominated by small-scale fisheries that usually have not been certified and may be affected by international commerce. Based on that explanation, it is important to conduct a study about shrimp traceability readiness in Cilacap. A purposive sampling and accidental sampling method were used in this research, accompanied by descriptive content analysis. The result shows that the readiness of Cilacap shrimp fisheries is still in the stage of concept preparation. The standard value of handling and processing shrimp according to Indonesian National Standard. Facilities that support the traceability system function properly. Enumeration intervention may be used to support a proper small-scale fisheries traceability in Cilacap

STATUS SUMBERDAYA IKAN EKOR KUNING (Caesio cuning) PADA MUSIM PERALIHAN DI PERAIRAN KARIMUNJAWA: SUATU PENDEKATAN MENGGUNAKAN SPAWNING POTENTIAL RATIO

Ikan ekor kuning (Caesio cuning) merupakan hasil tangkapan yang dominan ditangkap oleh nelayan Karimunjawa. Tingkat pemanfaatan ikan ekor kuning cukup tinggi sehingga perlu adanya pengaturan dalam pengelolaan agar sumberdaya ikan ekor kuning tetap terjaga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi status sumberdaya ikan ekor kuning pada musim peralihan bulan Maret-April 2018. Metode yang digunakan adalah teknik Length-Based Spawning Potential Ratio (LB-SPR). Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa kondisi stok sumberdaya ikan ekor kuning pada bulan Maret–April 2018 (musim peralihan I) under exploited dengan nilai kematian diakibatkan penangkapan (F/M) sebesar 1,44, Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR) 0,50 dan rata-rata ukuran ikan yang tertangkap lebih besar dari nilai panjang pertama kali matang gonad (SL50>Lm) sehingga penambahan upaya sebesar 10% pada musim peralihan masih memungkinkan. Pada penelitian sebelumnya pada bulan Januari–Februari 2017 (musim barat) kondisinya telah tereksploitasi secara berlebih dengan nilai kematian diakibatkan penangkapan (F/M) 2,75, Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR) 0,18 dan rata-rata ukuran ikan yang tertangkap lebih kecil dari nilai panjang pertama kali matang gonad SL50<Lm. Oleh karena itu, pengaturan terkait jumlah penangkapan perlu diatur sesuai musim penangkapan agar terciptanya perikanan ekor kuning yang berkelanjutan. Kata kunci:        alat tangkap, Karimunjawa dan spawning potential rati

DAMPAK PENANGKAPAN TERHADAP EKOSISTEM: LANDASAN PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN BERKELANJUTAN

Kegiatan penangkapan berdampak langsung dan tidak langsung terhadap ekosistem secara dinamis (spasial dan temporal). Perikanan tangkap harus dikelola pada batas yang memberikan dampak yang dapat ditoleransi oleh ekosistem, merupakan prinsip pertama dalam pengelolaan perikanan dengan pendekatan ekosistem (EAFM). Ekosistem merupakan unit organisasi biologi dimana terjadi hubungan fungsional antara komponen-komponen biotik dan lingkungan abiotiknya pada suatu area tertentu (ecological boundary). Penangkapan berdampak terhadap ikan target, non-target (bycatch), serta habitat (lingkungan), yang diindikasikan oleh degradasi populasi (kematian) ikan target dan non-target, degradasi (kerusakan) fisik habitat, dan pencemaran lingkungan perairan. Pada gilirannya akan mengakibatkan terjadi degradasi dinamis struktur (jumlah jenis, kelimpahan, biomassa) dan fungsi ekosistem (reproduksi dan rantai makanan). Intensitas dampak penangkapan ditentukan oleh karakteristik kegiatan penangkapan dan kondisi sumberdaya ikan. Suatu analisis terintegrasi dengan memperhitungkan parameter-parameter tersebut diperlukan dalam studi dampak penangkapan terhadap ekosistem. Dalam kerangka EAFM terdapat solusi teknologi dan manajemen untuk mengatasi dampak penangkapan yakni: perbaikan teknologi, pengendalian input-output, manipulasi ekosistem, dan pengelolaan berbasis hak (right-based). Kata kunci:        EAFM, dampak penangkapan, perikanan berkelanjutan, struktur-fungsi ekosiste

ECOSYSTEM APPROACH TO REEF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT IN WEH ISLAND, NANGROE ACEH DARUSSALAM

Fisheries management has been traditionally governed to maximize economic benefit with little concern on its ecological impacts. Food and Agriculture Organization with its Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries has played an important role to a fundamental change in the new paradigm of fisheries management, which include ecosystem aspect. The Food and Agriculture Organization has mandated that every country in the world should use this approach. Weh Island is located in AcehProvince that has good coral reef condition and rich in reef fishes, therefore reef fishery is prominent. The objectives of this study are (1) to study the ecological status of reef fish, and (2) to formulate the priority areas as candidates of marine protected areas in Weh Island. Fish catch survey, underwater visual census, and focus group discussion were conducted to collect data. Data analysis used fish biomass, financial analysis, linear goal programming, and marxan analysis. Results of this study successfully identified eight fishing gears operated in Weh Island in artisanal reef fisheries. These fishing gears are gillnet, bottom gillnet, handline, muroami, trolline, speargun, longline, and purseseine. There were 84 species identified as high economic value species and were modelled in this study. Gillnet and bottom gillnet were identified as optimum fishing gears. I.e. Meulee, Anoi Itam, Iboih, Jaboi, and Klah Island were identified as priority areas

Implementation of Tuna Traceability in Ocean Fishing Port of Nizam Zachman Jakarta

Nizam Zachman Fishing Port (PPS Nizam Zachman) is one of fishing ports in Indonesia that implemented traceability and has export-destination to the United States and the European Union. However, previous study showed that documents recording and fish handling activities in the fishing port were poorly managed. Objectives of this study were to identify structure of supply chain, formulate obstacle factors of traceability, and recommend implementation actions of traceability. Data were collected through observation and interviews with longline tuna fishermen and tuna processing entrepreneurs. Subsequently, data were analyzed by applying descriptive and GAP analysis. The results showed that supply chain of tuna fisheries at PPS Nizam Zachman was started from fishermen, fish landing center, and ended at tuna processing industries. Regarding traceability implementation, 83% of activities at the Nizam Zachman fishing port met the standard. However, improvement was still required for documentation process at fishermen and processing phase, in addition to tuna handling procedures. Factors that impede traceability include e-logbooks filling, tuna handling at unloading process; 1) No regular checking on temperature at every 2 hours; 2) slow loading and unloading speed; 3) Fish are exposed to the floor during transportation process, no refrigerated vehicles were used during transportation process, and no electronics documentation. Some actions to overcome traceability implementation problems are: 1) evaluating and monitoring the fishermen activities; 2) doing periodic quality control in the field; 3) managing collaborations between the government and NGOs and tuna fisheries industry associations.Keywords: GAP analysis, supply chain, traceability, tuna export, tuna handlin

Tinjauan Hukum Dan Kebijakan Kawasan Konservasi Laut (Kkl) Mukim Ie Meulee, Kota Sabang: Suatu Implementasi Pengelolaan Perikanan Tangkap Di Pulau Kecil

The coastal area of Weh Island is divided into sub-districts (lhok) which are managed by traditional leader known as Panglima Laot. The Panglima Laot has the authority to regulate customary laws that aimed to bring social harmony and resolve conflicts concerning the marine resource use. In Anoi Itam and Ie Meulee of the east coast of Weh Island, the communities have high awareness toward the sustainable of the natural resources use, and this has led to the implementation of gear restrictions and no fishing zones regulations as part of their customary laws. These regulations have generated conflict with the other custom community, because the other custom community claimed that these existing customary regulations do not have legal base regulations. Gap analysis and analytical hierarchy process was used to analyze and describe the regulation that can be used as their optional regulation base. The result indicated that the Weh Island custom community had chosen a marine protected area that managed by community through Panglima Laot adopting regulations that recognised by local government. In the process of implementation, the determination area is a key priority (36.92%) followed by the establishment of management institutions (23.92%), financing (21.19%) and surveillance (17.94%)