2,583 research outputs found
Anagram-free Graph Colouring
An anagram is a word of the form where is a non-empty word and
is a permutation of . We study anagram-free graph colouring and give bounds
on the chromatic number. Alon et al. (2002) asked whether anagram-free
chromatic number is bounded by a function of the maximum degree. We answer this
question in the negative by constructing graphs with maximum degree 3 and
unbounded anagram-free chromatic number. We also prove upper and lower bounds
on the anagram-free chromatic number of trees in terms of their radius and
pathwidth. Finally, we explore extensions to edge colouring and
-anagram-free colouring.Comment: Version 2: Changed 'abelian square' to 'anagram' for consistency with
'Anagram-free colourings of graphs' by Kam\v{c}ev, {\L}uczak, and Sudakov.
Minor changes based on referee feedbac
Derivative Expansion of the Exact Renormalization Group
The functional flow equations for the Legendre effective action, with respect
to changes in a smooth cutoff, are approximated by a derivative expansion; no
other approximation is made. This results in a set of coupled non-linear
differential equations. The corresponding differential equations for a fixed
point action have at most a countable number of solutions that are well defined
for all values of the field. We apply the technique to the fixed points of
one-component real scalar field theory in three dimensions. Only two
non-singular solutions are found: the gaussian fixed point and an approximation
to the Wilson fixed point. The latter is used to compute critical exponents, by
carrying the approximation to second order. The results appear to converge
rapidly.Comment: 14 pages (with figures), Plain TeX, uses psfig, 4 postscript figures
appended as uuencoded compressed tar file, SHEP 93/94-16, CERN-TH.7203/94.
(Added small details and minor improvements in rigour : the version to be
published in Phys.Lett.B
Signatures of the collapse and revival of a spin Schr\"{o}dinger cat state in a continuously monitored field mode
We study the effects of continuous measurement of the field mode during the
collapse and revival of spin Schr\"{o}dinger cat states in the Tavis-Cummings
model of N qubits (two-level quantum systems) coupled to a field mode. We show
that a compromise between relatively weak and relatively strong continuous
measurement will not completely destroy the collapse and revival dynamics while
still providing enough signal-to-noise resolution to identify the signatures of
the process in the measurement record. This type of measurement would in
principle allow the verification of the occurrence of the collapse and revival
of a spin Schr\"{o}dinger cat state.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
On Truncations of the Exact Renormalization Group
We investigate the Exact Renormalization Group (ERG) description of (
invariant) one-component scalar field theory, in the approximation in which all
momentum dependence is discarded in the effective vertices. In this context we
show how one can perform a systematic search for non-perturbative continuum
limits without making any assumption about the form of the lagrangian.
Concentrating on the non-perturbative three dimensional Wilson fixed point, we
then show that the sequence of truncations , obtained by expanding
about the field and discarding all powers and
higher, yields solutions that at first converge to the answer obtained without
truncation, but then cease to further converge beyond a certain point. No
completely reliable method exists to reject the many spurious solutions that
are also found. These properties are explained in terms of the analytic
behaviour of the untruncated solutions -- which we describe in some detail.Comment: 15 pages (with figures), Plain TeX, uses psfig, 5 postscript figures
appended as uuencoded compressed tar file, SHEP 93/94-23, CERN-TH.7281/94.
(Corrections of typos, and small additions to improve readability: version to
be published in Phys. Lett. B
Exploring mini rugby union coaches’ perceptions of competitive activities
The purpose of this study was to explore volunteer rugby
union coaches’ perceptions of organised competitive
participation during childhood. Participants were 202 under-9
(U9) mini rugby union coaches who had coached during
the 2010/11 season. Coaches completed an Internet-based
survey, and cluster analysis was used to identify different
groups based on attitudes towards the Rugby Football
Union’s current rules and proposed changes to these rules.
Three distinct groups were identified based on whether they
wanted to maintain the status quo (Traditionalists); maintain
some elements of structure (Moderates); or have a much
less structured introduction to rugby (Radicals). In total, over
three quarters of coaches favoured structured elements
(early specialisation), while less than a quarter favoured a less
structured game (late specialisation). Only the Radical’s views
matched those espoused by elite coaches and U9 players
themselves, raising several issues regarding coach education
for player development during childhood. In the short term
there are the difficulties of aligning disparate views of U9
player development via coaching for and during competitive
games. This is further complicated by the challenges of
enhancing the skills of thousands of volunteer coaches with
limited experience, knowledge and expertise in coaching
during childhood
Equation of State for Helium-4 from Microphysics
We compute the free energy of helium-4 near the lambda transition based on an
exact renormalization-group equation. An approximate solution permits the
determination of universal and nonuniversal thermodynamic properties starting
from the microphysics of the two-particle interactions. The method does not
suffer from infrared divergences. The critical chemical potential agrees with
experiment. This supports a specific formulation of the functional integral
that we have proposed recently. Our results for the equation of state reproduce
the observed qualitative behavior. Despite certain quantitative shortcomings of
our approximation, this demonstrates that ab initio calculations for collective
phenomena become possible by modern renormalization-group methods.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, revtex updated version, journal referenc
Use of a novel dataset to explore spatial and social variations in car type, size, usage and emissions
© 2015 The Authors. The 'MOT' vehicle inspection test record dataset recently released by the UK Department for Transport (DfT) provides the ability to estimate annual mileage figures for every individual light duty vehicle greater than 3 years old within Great Britain. Vehicle age, engine size and fuel type are also provided in the dataset and these allow further estimates to be made of fuel consumption, energy use, and per vehicle emissions of both air pollutants and greenhouse gases. The use of this data permits the adoption of a new vehicle-centred approach to assessing emissions and energy use in comparison to previous road-flow and national fuel consumption based approaches. The dataset also allows a spatial attribution of each vehicle to a postcode area, through the reported location of relevant vehicle testing stations. Consequently, this new vehicle data can be linked with socio-demographic data in order to determine the potential characteristics of vehicle owners.This paper provides a broad overview of the types of analyses that are made possible by these data, with a particular focus on distance driven and pollutant emissions. The intention is to demonstrate the very broad potential for this data, and to highlight where more focused analysis could be useful. The findings from the work have important implications for understanding the distributional impacts of transport related policies and targeting messaging and interventions for the reduction of car use
Gauge Invariance, the Quantum Action Principle, and the Renormalization Group
If the Wilsonian renormalization group (RG) is formulated with a cutoff that
breaks gauge invariance, then gauge invariance may be recovered only once the
cutoff is removed and only once a set of effective Ward identities is imposed.
We show that an effective Quantum Action Principle can be formulated in
perturbation theory which enables the effective Ward identities to be solved
order by order, even if the theory requires non-vanishing subtraction points.
The difficulties encountered with non-perturbative approximations are briefly
discussed.Comment: 11 pages, latex, no figures, one reference added, version to be
published on Phys. Lett.
External Tank (ET) Bipod Fitting Bolted Attachment Locking Insert Performance
Following STS-107, the External Tank (ET) Project implemented corrective actions and configuration changes at the ET bipod fitting. Among the corrective actions, the existing bolt lock wire which provided resistance to potential bolt rotation was removed. The lock wire removal was because of concerns with creating voids during foam application and potential for lock wire to become debris. The bolts had been previously lubricated to facilitate assembly but, because of elimination of the lock wire, the ET Project wanted to enable the locking feature of the insert. Thus, the lubrication was removed from bolt threads and instead applied to the washer under the bolt head. Lubrication is necessary to maximize joint pre-load while remaining within the bolt torque specification. The locking feature is implemented by thread crimping in at four places in the insert. As the bolt is torqued into the insert the bolt threads its way past the crimped parts of the insert. This provides the locking of the bolt, as torque is required to loosen the joint after clamping
- …