Educating and Training Library Practitioners: A Comparative History with Trends and Recommendations

published or submitted for publicatio

Contingent liability in banking : useful policy for developing countries?

Bank owner contingent liability has been important in the development of many industrial countries. Unlimited liability on bank owners was an important element in the success of Scottish banking, which led Scotland to be free of the banking and monetary upheavals that occurred in Britain and the United States. The unlimited liability provision effectively minimized the losses suffered by bank noteholders and other creditors. Three factors were vital to the success of unlimited liability in Scotland: 1) the identities of bank owners were made publicly available, and their level of wealth could be verified; 2) under Scottish bankruptcy law, owner liability extended to both personal and inheritable wealth; and 3) the transfer of ownership claims in private and provincial banks required that ownership first be dissolved before a new bank could be formed. A contingent liability system has three advantages: 1) because double liability imposes postclosure losses on bank stockholders, it increases incentives for banks to hold capital and decreases moral hazard incentives; 2) a contingent liability system can ameliorate asymmetric information problems between bank creditors and owners; and 3) contingent liability can lead to more efficient capital formation if potential capital sources are predominantly in the form of fixed wealth, as is true in many developing countries. But a free-rider problem arises when less-wealthy stockholders rely on the monitoring efforts of wealthier stockholders, who have more incentive to monitor. And in a free and anonymous exchange market, investors with less personal fixed wealth will outbid those with greater wealth, so the value of double liability could collapse overtime.Payment Systems&Infrastructure,Banking Law,Banks&Banking Reform,International Terrorism&Counterterrorism,Financial Intermediation,Banks&Banking Reform,Banking Law,Financial Intermediation,Financial Crisis Management&Restructuring,Economic Theory&Research

Grecian Elegance

This simple yet elegant Grecian inspired one shoulder dress with asymmetrical strap and dramatic draping detail in back was created in December of 2011 for the elegant, sophisticated woman who is confident and likes making an entrance

Egyptian Elegance

This elegant red Egyptian inspired gown with deep dramatic V cutouts at the back and on the sides has an asymmetrical hemline and leather neckline detail

Simply Elegant

This dramatic one shoulder gown with asymmetrical collar detail was created in December of 2011 for the elegant, sophisticated woman who is confident and likes making an entrance

A daily representation of Great Britain's energy vectors : Natural gas, electricity and transport fuels

In much of Europe there is a strong push to decarbonise energy demands, including the largest single end-use demand – heat. Moving heat demands over to the electrical network poses significant challenges and the use of hybrid energy vector and storage systems (heat and electrical storage) will be a critical component in managing this transition. As an example of these challenges (facing many developed countries), the scale of recently available daily energy flows through the UK’s electrical, gas and transport systems are presented. When this data is expressed graphically it illustrates important differences in the demand characteristics of these different vectors; these include the quantity of energy delivered through the networks on a daily basis, and the scale of variability in the gas demand over multiple timescales (seasonal, weekly and daily). As the UK proceeds to migrate heating demands to the electrical network in its drive to cut carbon emissions, electrical demand will significantly increase. Additionally, the greater variability and uncertainty shown in the gas demand will also migrate to the electrical demand posing significant difficulties for the maintenance of a secure and reliable electrical system in the coming decades. The paper concludes an analysis of the different means of accommodating increasingly volatile electricity demands in future energy networks

Role of West Virginia School Psychologists in a Response to Intervention Framework

With the passage of No Child Left Behind in 2001, schools were required to prepare students using research-based teaching methods, interventions, and approaches. Response to Intervention (RTI) is an evidence-based practice that allows schools to assess student responses to interventions. RTI was implemented as a pilot program in West Virginia beginning from 2007 to 2010. Although research has been frequent on implementing RTI, little research has been conducted analyzing RTI and school psychologist involvement, particularly in West Virginia. The purpose of this study was to examine what factors serve as predictors of RTI involvement in West Virginia. The examiner used data from the 2011 West Virginia School Psychologists Association survey to predict RTI Involvement by West Virginia school psychologists. The results indicated no variables significantly predict RTI involvement for West Virginia school psychologists

A computational approach to the identification of lineage-specific bacterial genes and a determination of their biological significance

EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo