Reducing inequality and poverty while mitigating climate change: key challenges for research and practice in middle-income countries in Africa and Latin America

This paper provides some answers to this question and outlines future research on mitigation and inequality. The question is relevant, because developing countries have come under growing pressure to introduce mitigation actions that help to reduce dangerous greenhouse gas emissions. These mitigation actions need to be ‘nationally appropriate’ (UNFCCC 2007) and different from those in the developed countries, taking the economic structures, poverty and inequalities into account. Mitigating emissions and reducing poverty at the same time sharpens the trade-­off. Governments need to decide on expenditure of limited resources on poverty or mitigation. According to previous research the need for such a trade-­off decreases when countries become richer (Ravallion et al. 2000). This implies that governments have a growing option to achieve both ends

Information for a developmental approach to mitigation: linking sectoral and economy-wide models for Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru and South Africa.

This paper reports on modelling approaches that provide information to answer policy-­relevant questions in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru and South Africa. The analysis informs different country contexts: energy-related GHG emissions currently dominate in Chile and South Africa, while those due to agriculture, forestry and land-­use (AFOLU) are historically more important in Brazil, Colombia and Peru

History, Commemoration, and Belief: Abraham Lincoln in American Memory, 1945-2001

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/91765/1/Schuman-History_Commemoration_Belief.pd

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

The use of a microcomputer in the primary school

The current situation in primary schools is surveyed to set the scene for a discussion of the purpose, problems and possibilities of introducing microcomputers. Reasons are given for selecting the Corrmodore CBM/PET microcomputer and the implications of this selection. Due to the shortage of appropriate software a range of programs suitable for the primary school was developed. The philosophy of program design, overriding design aims and practical implications of the programs in areas of number reinforcement, language skills, geography, biology and logic games are explained. Evaluating the success of introducing the microcomputer is difficult since it is affected by a wide variety of factors including physical school environment; staff experience, training and attitude to integrating the computer into the classroom to add a new dimension to the school curriculum. The microcomputer hardware alone is not sufficient, suitable software and appropriate supporting services are essential. Without exception the pupils reacted to the microcomputer with enthusiasm, enjoyment, and excitement and were highly motivated by it. In particular the younger and less able pupils seemed to benefit most. Microcomputers will be introduced into primary schools and welcomed by the pupils, but will prompt a huge and increasingly sophisticated demand for computer related in-service training for the teachers

"The eagle's nest" in the valley of Sixt : a summer home among the Alps, together with some excursions among the great glaciers

by Alfred WillsExlibrisetikette: "Ex-Libris = M. Charpentier" 011311199_0001 Exemplar der ETH-BI

International valuation methods

200