Quantized Roentgen Effect in Bose-Einstein Condensates

A classical dielectric moving in a charged capacitor can create a magnetic field (Roentgen effect). A quantum dielectric, however, will not produce a magnetization, except at vortices. The magnetic field outside the quantum dielectric appears as the field of quantized monopoles

Local/Non-Local Complementarity in Topological Effects

In certain topological effects the accumulation of a quantum phase shift is accompanied by a local observable effect. We show that such effects manifest a complementarity between non-local and local attributes of the topology, which is reminiscent but yet different from the usual wave-particle complementarity. This complementarity is not a consequence of non-commutativity, rather it is due to the non-canonical nature of the observables. We suggest that a local/non-local complementarity is a general feature of topological effects that are ``dual'' to the AB effect.Comment: 4 page

Algebraic Correlation Function and Anomalous Diffusion in the HMF model

In the quasi-stationary states of the Hamiltonian Mean-Field model, we numerically compute correlation functions of momenta and diffusion of angles with homogeneous initial conditions. This is an example, in a N-body Hamiltonian system, of anomalous transport properties characterized by non exponential relaxations and long-range temporal correlations. Kinetic theory predicts a striking transition between weak anomalous diffusion and strong anomalous diffusion. The numerical results are in excellent agreement with the quantitative predictions of the anomalous transport exponents. Noteworthy, also at statistical equilibrium, the system exhibits long-range temporal correlations: the correlation function is inversely proportional to time with a logarithmic correction instead of the usually expected exponential decay, leading to weak anomalous transport properties

Classical and Quantum Interaction of the Dipole

A unified and fully relativistic treatment of the interaction of the electric and magnetic dipole moments of a particle with the electromagnetic field is given. New forces on the particle due to the combined effect of electric and magnetic dipoles are obtained. Four new experiments are proposed, three of which would observe topological phase shifts.Comment: 10 pages, Latex/Revtex. Some minor errors have been correcte

Nanostructures in Ti processed by severe plastic deformation

Metals and alloys processed by severe plastic deformation (SPD) can demonstrate superior mechanical properties, which are rendered by their unique defect structures. In this investigation, transmission electron microscopy and x-ray analysis were used to systematically study the defect structures, including grain and subgrain structures, dislocation cells, dislocation distributions, grain boundaries, and the hierarchy of these structural features, in nanostructured Ti produced by a two-step SPD procedure-warm equal channel angular pressing followed by cold rolling. The effects of these defect structures on the mechanical behaviors of nanostructured Ti are discussed

Fracture strength of aged monolithic and bilayer zirconia-based crowns

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of design and surface finishing on fracture strength of yttria-tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) crowns in monolithic (1.5 mm thickness) and bilayer (0.8 mm zirconia coping and 0.7 mm porcelain veneer) configuration after artificial aging. Bovine incisors received crown preparation and Y-TZP crowns were manufactured using CAD/CAM technique, according to the following groups (n = 10): Polished monolithic zirconia crowns (PM); Glazed monolithic zirconia crowns (GM); Bi-layer crowns (BL). Crowns were cemented with resin cement, submitted to artificial aging in a chewing simulator (2.5 million cycles/80 N/artificial saliva/37 degrees C), and tested for fracture strength. Two remaining crowns referring to PM and GM groups were submitted to a chemical composition analysis to measure the level of yttrium after aging. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (P = .05) indicated that monolithic zirconia crowns presented similar fracture strength (PM = 3476.2 N +/- 791.7; GM = 3561.5 N +/- 991.6), which was higher than bilayer crowns (2060.4 N +/- 810.6). There was no difference in the yttrium content among the three surfaces evaluated in the monolithic crowns. Thus, monolithic zirconia crowns present higher fracture strength than bilayer veneered zirconia after artificial aging and surface finishing does not affect their fracture strength2015COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESBEX 17246/12-1University of Toront

Paleoenvironmental Changes at ODP Site 702 (South Atlantic): Anatomy of the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum

The Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) was an unusual global warming event that interrupted the long-term Eocene cooling trend ca. 40 Ma. Here we present new high-resolution bulk and benthic isotope records from South Atlantic ODP Site 702 to characterize the MECO at a high latitude setting. The MECO event, including early and peak warming as well as recovery to background levels, had an estimated ~300 Kyr duration (~40.51 to ~40.21 Ma). Cross-plots (delta O-18 vs. delta C-13) suggest that the mechanisms driving coupled changes in O and C isotope values across the MECO were weaker or absent before the event. The paleoecological response has been evaluated by quantitative analysis of calcareous nannofossils and benthic foraminifera assemblages. We document a shift in the biogeographical distribution of warm and temperate calcareous nannoplankton taxa, which migrated toward higher latitudes due to increased temperatures during the MECO. Conversely, changes in the organic matter flux to the seafloor appear to have controlled benthic foraminifera dynamics at Site 702. Benthic phytodetritus exploiting taxa increased in abundance coinciding with a positive delta C-13 excursion, ~150 Kyr before the start of the delta O-18 negative excursion that marks the start of MECO warming. Our data suggest that paleoecological disturbance in the deep sea predates MECO delta O-18 excursion and that it was driven by changes in the type and/or amount of organic matter reaching the seafloor rather than by increased temperature