A 12-month follow-up of a mobile-based (mHealth) obesity prevention intervention in pre-school children: the MINISTOP randomized controlled trial

Background: To date, few mobile health (mHealth) interventions aimed at changing lifestyle behaviors have measured long term effectiveness. At the 6-month follow-up the MINISTOP trial found a statistically significant intervention effect for a composite score comprised of fat mass index (FMI) as well as dietary and physical activity variables; however, no intervention effect was observed for FMI. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate if the MINISTOP intervention 12-months after baseline measurements: (i) improved FMI and (ii) had a maintained effect on a composite score comprised of FMI and dietary and physical activity variables. Methods: A two-arm parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted in 315 healthy 4.5 year old children between January 2014 and October 2015. Parents’ of the participating children either received the MINISTOP intervention or a basic pamphlet on dietary and physical activity behaviors (control group). After 6 months, participants did not have access to the intervention content and were measured again 6 months later (i.e. the 12-month follow-up). The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was then used to examine differences between the groups. Results: At the 12-month follow-up, no statistically significant difference was observed between the intervention and control groups for FMI (p = 0.57) and no maintained effect for the change in composite score was observed (mean ± standard deviation for the intervention and control group: + 0.53 ± 1.49 units and + 0.35 ± 1.27 units respectively, p = 0.25 between groups). Conclusions: The intervention effect observed at the 6-month follow-up on the composite score was not maintained at the 12-month follow-up, with no effect on FMI being observed at either follow-up. Future studies using mHealth are needed to investigate how changes in obesity related markers in young children can be maintained over longer time periods.The MINISTOP project was funded by the Swedish Research Council (project no. 2012–2883), the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (2012–0906), Bo and Vera Axson Johnsons Foundation, and Karolinska Institutet (M.L.). C.D.N was supported by the Swedish Nutrition Foundation and S.S was funded by the Seaver Foundation. None of the funding bodies had any contributions or influence in the design of the study, data collection, analysis, interpretation of the data, or the writing of the manuscript

Latin American Consensus: Children Born Small for Gestational Age

72-87Cuatrimestra

Long-term outcomes five years after selective dorsal rhizotomy

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) is a well accepted neurosurgical procedure performed for the relief of spasticity interfering with motor function in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). The goal is to improve function, but long-term outcome studies are rare. The aims of this study were to evaluate long-term functional outcomes, safety and side effects during five postoperative years in all children with diplegia undergoing SDR combined with physiotherapy.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This study group consisted of 35 children, consecutively operated, with spastic diplegia, of which 26 were Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels III–V. Mean age was 4.5 years (range 2.5–6.6). They were all assessed by the same multidisciplinary team at pre- and at 6, 12, 18 months, 3 and 5 years postoperatively. Clinical and demographic data, complications and number of rootlets cut were prospectively registered. Deep tendon reflexes and muscle tone were examined, the latter graded with the modified Ashworth scale. Passive range of motion (PROM) was measured with a goniometer. Motor function was classified according to the GMFCS and measured with the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88) and derived into GMFM-66. Parent's opinions about the children's performance of skills and activities and the amount of caregiver assistance were measured with Pediatric Evaluation Disability Inventory (PEDI).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The mean proportion of rootlets cut in S2-L2 was 40%. Muscle tone was immediately reduced in adductors, hamstrings and dorsiflexors (p < 0.001) with no recurrence of spasticity over the 5 years. For GMFCS-subgroups I–II, III and IV–V significant improvements during the five years were seen in PROM for hip abduction, popliteal angle and ankle dorsiflexion (p = 0.001), capacity of gross motor function (GMFM) (p = 0.001), performance of functional skills and independence in self-care and mobility (PEDI) (p = 0.001).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>SDR is a safe and effective method for reducing spasticity permanently without major negative side effects. In combination with physiotherapy, in a group of carefully selected and systematically followed young children with spastic diplegia, it provides lasting functional benefits over a period of at least five years postoperatively.</p

Effect of Embryo Vitrification on Rabbit Foetal Placenta Proteome during Pregnancy

Very limited information on the post-implantatory effects of vitrification has been published till now. We observed in a previous study that the vitrification procedure for the cryopreservation of embryos introduced transcriptomic and proteomic modifications in the rabbit foetal placenta at the middle of gestation. Now, we have conducted a proteomic study to determine whether protein alterations in the foetal placenta induced by the vitrification procedure remain during pregnancy. In this study, we used 2D-DIGE and mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-TOF and LC-MS/MS analysis) to identify the protein changes during middle and late stages of gestation (Day 14 and Day 24, respectively) in rabbit foetal placenta. We identified 11 differentially expressed proteins at Day 14 and 13 proteins at Day 24. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifiers PXD001840 and PXD001836. In addition, we demonstrate the presence of three proteins, serum albumin, isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 [NADP+], and phosphoglycerate mutase 1, which were altered during pregnancy. We demonstrate the existence of changes in foetal placental protein during pregnancy induced by the vitrification procedure, which brings into question whether vitrification effects observed during foetal development could lead to physiological and metabolic disorders in adulthood. This effect, taken together with other effects reported in the literature, suggests that embryo cryopreservation is not neutral.This work was supported by the Generalitat Valenciana research program (Prometeo 2014/036) and the Spanish Research Projects (CICYT AGL2011-29831-C03-01). M. D. Saenz-de-Juano was supported by a research grant from Generalitat Valenciana (Programa VALI+d, ACIF/2011/254). Nofima AS provided support in the form of salaries for author KH, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the Author Contributions section.Saenz De Juano Ribes, MDLD.; Vicente Antón, JS.; Hollung, K.; Marco Jiménez, F. (2015). Effect of Embryo Vitrification on Rabbit Foetal Placenta Proteome during Pregnancy. PLoS ONE. 10(4):e0125157-e0125157. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125157Se0125157e012515710

Swedish population-based longitudinal reference values from birth to 18 years of age for height, weight and head circumference

This study aimed to update growth reference values for height, weight and head circumference in order to reflect the changes in body size in the Swedish population during the past two decades. The data came from a large longitudinal growth study on 3650 full-term healthy Swedish children who were born between 1973 and 1975. All of these 1801 girls and 1849 boys had longitudinal data for height and weight from birth to final height. Comparison with previous Swedish growth reference values based on children born between 1955 and 1958 revealed that there have been secular changes in body size. For instance, at 18 y of age, the updated height and weight reference values are 180.4 cm for males and 167.7 cm for females, i.e. 1.9 cm taller and 5.7 kg heavier for males and 2.3 cm taller and 3.4 kg heavier for females compared with the previous reference values. Conclusion: These new growth reference values provide current national standards for growth monitoring and evaluation since the year 2000.link_to_subscribed_fulltex