STUDY OF TYROSINASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF CASSIA FISTULA L. LEAVES

Objective: This study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical constituents and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of Cassia fistula leaves.Methods: A tyrosinase inhibitory activity assay was performed by measuring the decrease in the intensity of color suggestive of the inhibition ofdopachrome formation resulting from the L-DOPA-tyrosinase reaction.Results: The test results showed that the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of the water fraction of C. fistula leaf extract had the highest IC50 value(152.031 μg/mL) among other fractions (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol). An enzyme kinetic assay showed that the water fraction of C. fistulaleaf extract inhibited tyrosinase with mixed-type inhibition. Phytochemical screening showed that the water fraction of C. fistula leaf extract containedalkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, and tannins.Conclusion: The current study indicated that C. fistula leaves possess significant tyrosinase inhibitory activity

Pengaruh Jenis Gula Dan Penambahan Sari Nanas-wortel Terhadap Sifat Fisiko-kimia, Viabilitas Bakteri Yogurt, Serta Organoleptik Yogurt Non Fat

Yogurt is a dairy products through fermentation lactic acid bacteria (LAB) by Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus dan Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophilus. Isomalt has a lower caloric value can be used in yogurt. Addition of pineapple-carrot juice can also be done as a natural coloring gents, aroma and flavor enhancer in yogurt. The experimental design was a nested Randomized Block Design (RBD) with type of sugar (as the nest) consist of sucrose and isomalt, and pineapple-carrot juice addition (as the nested part) consist of 3 levels of 20%, 25%, and 30% with 4 replications for each treatment. The parameters observed were pH, acidity, syneresis, total LAB and sensory (preferences of taste, color, and aroma). Data statistically analyzed by ANOVA (Analysis of Varians) at α = 5%. If there was a significant difference, then it was continued by DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Range Test) test to determine which level of treatment that showed significant differences. Increased concentration of pineapple-carrot juice reduced pH, meanwhile acidity, syneresis, and viability of LAB were increased. The best yogurt in this research were yogurt with sucrose (30% pineapple carrot juice) with pH 4,442, acidity 34,48oSH, syneresis 1,87%, total of LAB 10,4491 log cfu/mL, consumer perception defined as neutral for color, rather liked for taste and aroma, and yogurt with isomalt (25% pineapple carrot juice) with pH 4,468, acidity 34,75oSH, syneresis 2,31%, total of LAB 10,2410 log cfu/mL, consumer perception defined as rather liked for color, neutral for aroma, and rather not liked for taste

Effect of Noni Fruit (Morinds citrifolia L.) on Blood Glucose Levels of Male Diabetic Rattus Norvegicus Rats

Diabetes is a persistent metabolic disorder characterized by disruptions in both insulin secretion and action, leading to heightened blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia). Noni fruit, rich in antioxidant compounds like flavonoids and alkaloids, is thought to possess anti-diabetic properties. This study aimed to assess the influence of administering 500 mg/kgBW of noni fruit on the glucose levels of Wistar rats induced with diabetes using 150 mg/kgBW of alloxan. Blood sampling followed a post-test only group method conducted before terminating the mice. The study involved 33 mice divided into three groups: a negative control group, a positive control group induced with diabetes for 3 days, and a treatment group induced with diabetes followed by a 14-day administration of noni fruit extract. The normality test revealed a non-normal distribution with a p value <0.05. Additionally, the Kruskal-Wallis test resulted in a p value <0.05, signifying the impact of noni fruit administration on the blood glucose levels of rats. The Mann-Whitney U test indicated a p value > 0.05 between the positive control group and the treatment group. Despite the absence of a significant difference in glucose levels between the two groups, the study concluded that administering noni fruit at a dose of 500 mg/kgBW could influence the blood glucose levels of mice

Analisis Sentimen terhadap Film Sri Asih dengan CNN, KNN, dan Logistic Regression

Perkembangan teknologi menjadi dampak yang besar di berbagai sektor, salah satunya adalah di industri perfilman. Hal ini tentunya menjadi tantangan bagi para produser film untuk membuat karya yang sesuai dengan selera masyarakat. Film hangat yang menjadi perhatian masyarakat adalah film Sri Asih. Dengan adanya media sosial Twitter, penulis dapat menggunakannya sebagai pengamatan opini masyarakat untuk menganalis sentimen masyarakat terhadap film Sri Asih, dan melakukan observasi emosi pada sentimen tersebut. Dalam proses klasifikasi tersebut penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tiga metode yaitu Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) dengan hasil akurasi 78%, K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) dengan hasil akurasi 61%, dan Logistic Regression dengan hasil akurasi 81%. Dengan menggunakan tiga metode yang berbeda, peneliti dapat menemukan bahwa algoritma baru yang kompleks dan membutuhkan resource yang besar, belum tentu dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan pada penelitian ini. Oleh karena itu dapat disimpulkan bahwa Logistic Regression yang merupakan algoritma yang sederhana, masih relevan dan mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan yang ada pada penelitian ini. Dengan hasil akurasi dari algoritma Logistic Regression, dapat digunakan untuk memenuhi tujuan penelitian ini yaitu memberikan informasi dengan baik mengenai opini masyarakat terhadap film Sri Asih, serta menjadi dasar evaluasi bagi produser film dalam mengembangkan kualitas film Sri Asih menjadi lebih baik.Technological developments have had a big impact on various sectors, one of which is the film industry. This is of course a challenge for film producers to make works that suit people's tastes. The latest film that has become the public's attention is Sri Asih. With the existence of Twitter social media, the writer can use it as an observation of public opinion to analyze public sentiment towards the Sri Asih film and make emotional observations on this sentiment. In the classification process, this research was carried out using three methods, namely Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with an accuracy of 78%, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) with an accuracy of 61%, and Logistic Regression with an accuracy of 81%. By using three different methods, researchers can find that new algorithms that are complex and require large resources, may not necessarily be able to solve the problems in this study. Therefore it can be concluded that Logistic Regression which is a simple algorithm, is still relevant and able to solve the problems that exist in this study. With the results of the accuracy of the Logistic Regression algorithm, it can be used to fulfill the objectives of this study, which is to provide good information about public opinion about the Sri Asih film, as well as being the basis for evaluation for film producers in developing the quality of the Sri Asih film for the better

Aplikasi Committee Recruitment Broadcast Di Universitas Kristen Petra Berbasis Website Dan Facebook API

Dissemination of information and recruitment of event committees at Petra Christian University are still manually performed. Students still have difficulties to get the information about activities / events in campus which are still open committee recruitment. Therefore, Petra Christian University needs a website to provide information to all students and facilitate students in registering committee activities.This thesis made web-based application inside social media facebook which use facebook API and PostageApp email service to broadcast committee informations. Features provided in this application are adding new committee activities, searching activities, the registration of committee, committee acceptance, notification, the committee appraisal, displaying the committee history of students, approving the committee activities, and importing data from an excel file. This application is made using the programming language PHP and HTML, CodeIgniter framework, and MySQL database.Based on the tests performed, this website application can be run on facebook canvas that can be accessed after logging on facebook and approving the permissions dialog. This application can help students get information about the activities of the committee at Petra Christian University, assist the process of registration and recruitment committee. The website can also provide broadcast facebook and email notifications to students. This application derive satisfaction score of 82,03% respondents

PENGARUH JENIS GULA DAN PENAMBAHAN SARI NANAS-WORTEL TERHADAP SIFAT FISIKO-KIMIA, VIABILITAS BAKTERI YOGURT, SERTA ORGANOLEPTIK YOGURT NON FAT

Yogurt is a dairy products through fermentation lactic acid bacteria (LAB) by Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus dan Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophilus. Isomalt has a lower caloric value can be used in yogurt. Addition of pineapple-carrot juice can also be done as a natural coloring gents, aroma and flavor enhancer in yogurt. The experimental design was a nested Randomized Block Design (RBD) with type of sugar (as the nest) consist of sucrose and isomalt, and pineapple-carrot juice addition (as the nested part) consist of 3 levels of 20%, 25%, and 30% with 4 replications for each treatment. The parameters observed were pH, acidity, syneresis, total LAB and sensory (preferences of taste, color, and aroma). Data statistically analyzed by ANOVA (Analysis of Varians) at α = 5%. If there was a significant difference, then it was continued by DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Range Test) test to determine which level of treatment that showed significant differences. Increased concentration of pineapple-carrot juice reduced pH, meanwhile acidity, syneresis, and viability of LAB were increased. The best yogurt in this research were yogurt with sucrose (30% pineapple carrot juice) with pH 4,442, acidity 34,48oSH, syneresis 1,87%, total of LAB 10,4491 log cfu/mL, consumer perception defined as neutral for color, rather liked for taste and aroma, and yogurt with isomalt (25% pineapple carrot juice) with pH 4,468, acidity 34,75oSH, syneresis 2,31%, total of LAB 10,2410 log cfu/mL, consumer perception defined as rather liked for color, neutral for aroma, and rather not liked for taste

STUDI KOMPARATIF EKONOMI SIRKULAR DALAM ARAH KEBIJAKAN HUKUM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH KEMASAN PLASTIK DI INDONESIA DAN JERMAN

Pengelolaan sampah yang baik modern ini berpedoman pada konsep ekonomi sirkular, yaitu pengurangan serta pemanfaatan sampah melalui daur ulang ataupun pendayagunaan kembali sehingga membuat siklus tertutup. Maka dari itu dilakukan penelitian normatif untuk melihat perbandingan komparatif kebijakan hukum pengelolaan sampah Indonesia dan Jerman dalam perspektif penerapan konsep ekonomi sirkuler. Peneltian ini menemukan bahwa meskipun kebijakan hukum Indonesia dan Jerman mengarah serta mencerminkan konsep ekonomi sirkuler, pada realitanya pelaksanaannya tidak berhasil mencapai ekonomi sirkuler. Hal ini terlihat dari kendala ekonomi, fasilitas, dan pemahaman masyarakat, meskipun bank sampah berpotensi meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat dan produsen dalam pengelolaan sampah di Indonesia. Selain itu di Jerman walaupun angka pengumpulan dan pendauran ulang sampah tinggi, akan tetapi ternyata tingkat daur ulang secara energi yang lebih tinggi membuat ekonomi sirkular belum benar-benar dapat tercapai. Oleh karena itu penerapan kebijakan pengelolaan sampah kemasan plastik harus diawasi dan diterapkan dengan tegas untuk jalannya sistem yang benar-benar efektif mengubah pola konsumsi industri dan masyarakat menjadi ekonomi sirkuler

IMPLEMENTASI EXTENDED PRODUCER RESPONSIBILITY (EPR) TERHADAP KEMASAN PLASTIK DI TPS KEBON JERUK

Pengelolaan sampah yang baik dapat mendukung kehidupan dan kesejahteraan manusia serta alam serta menghindari dampak negatif akibat timbunan sampah. Pemerintah menetapkan visi Indonesia bersih sampah dengan salah satunya menerapkan sejumlah peraturan perundang-undangan untuk melaksanakan EPR untuk mencapai target pengurangan sampah. Peneliti melakukan kajian yuridis empiris untuk mengetahui kenyataan pelaksanaan hukum positif mengenai implementasi EPR terhadap kemasan plastik di TPS Kebon Jeruk. Bahwa penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kebijakan hukum EPR di Indonesia yang utamanya diatur dalam PerLHK 75/2019 mencakup prinsip 3R serta pemberian fasilitas dari pemerintah untuk kemitraan produsen dan pihak-pihak pengelola seperti bank sampah, TPS, pusat daur ulang. Selain itu tidak ditemukan adanya implementasi EPR pada TPS Kebon Jeruk, pengolahan dan pengelolaan sampah kemasan plastik dilakukan oleh petugas gerobak yang melakukan pengurangan setiap harinya. Ditemukan pula bahwa kesulitan ini diperparah dengan kendala EPR yang berjangka waktu pendek dan tidak berkelanjutan, serta industri daur ulang yang memiliki preferensi pada sampah tertentu seperti botol plastik

PERAN HUKUM ADAT DALAM SISTEM HUKUM KETATANEGARAAN INDONESIA

Indonesia sebagai negara dengan keberagaman budaya dan suku bangsa yang kaya, memiliki sistem ketatanegaraan yang unik. Hukum adat merujuk pada aturan dan norma-norma yang berkembang dalam masyarakat adat atau suku bangsa tertentu. Latar belakang dari peran hukum adat dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia sangat erat kaitannya dengan sejarah, budaya, dan upaya untuk mengakomodasi keberagaman nasional. Hukum adat memiliki peran penting dalam beberapa bidang, termasuk pengaturan kepemilikan dan pengelolaan sumber daya alam, pengaturan tanah adat, penyelesaian konflik, dan pemeliharaan keamanan dan ketertiban di tingkat lokal. Aturan-aturan hukum adat ketatanegaraan serta pengaruh dari hukum tata negara Hindia-Belanda (Staatsrecht van Nederland) memiliki peran penting dalam menentukan hukum tata negara Indonesia. Pengakuan hukum adat sebagai bagian dari Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) dilindungi oleh undang-undang, putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi, serta upaya-upaya masyarakat hukum adat ini sendiri. Dengan adanya pembatasan ini, bahwa peranan dan implementasi hukum adat dalam ketatanegaraan Indonesia perlu sebuah partisipasi aktif serta penyesuaian nilai-nilai agar tidak hanya lestari, namun juga mencerminkan identitas jati diri Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI)