STUDI PEMBENTUKAN CAIRAN IONIK EUTEKTIK BERBASIS BETAIN–ASAM CIS-OLEAT DAN PENGGUNAAN NYA SEBAGAI PELINDI PADA PROSES PUNGUT ULANG LOGAM TANAH JARANG DARI RED MUD

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Eutectic Ionic Liquids (EILs) ramah lingkungan yang menunjukkan kinerja sangat baik dalam pemulihan Rare Earth Elements (REE) dari red mud. EILs disintesis melalui metode solvometalurgi dengan mencampurkan betain (HBA) dengan senyawa organik asam cis-oleat (HBD) pada perbandingan rasio molar 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, dan 1:7. Komposisi EILs yang disintesis dikarakterisasi menggunakan FTIR dan sifat termalnya dianalisis menggunakan DSC. Komposisi optimal EILs asam betain-cis-oleat ditentukan berdasarkan data DSC, penampilan (tidak berwarna), homogenitas, dan tidak adanya aroma. Sifat kelarutan juga diuji, sebelum digunakan dalam proses pencucian dan ekstraksi red mud. Hasil FTIR menunjukkan bahwa puncak khas betain, asam cis-oleat, dan pergeseran spektrum EILs betain-cis-oleat, disebabkan oleh ikatan hidrogen yang terbentuk di antara gugus hidroksil. Uji DSC mengungkapkan bahwa reaksi eksotermik, yang menghasilkan titik beku terendah ditemukan pada rasio 1:4. Uji kelarutan menunjukkan bahwa metanol dapat efektif melarutkan EILs secara homogen. Selanjutnya, kinerja EILs dalam pelindian REE dari red mud, ditunjukkan oleh analisis XRF bahwa persentase pemulihan optimal dari elemen Sc, Ce, Eu, Er, dan Y pada kondisi rasio liquids (mL)/solid (g) (L/S) sebesar 20/1, suhu 80°C, dan durasi 48 jam. Karakterisasi XRD mengidentifikasi berbagai senyawa dan mineral yang ada dalam red mud. Karakterisasi SEM-EDX menunjukkan morfologi permukaan dan distribusi yang merata dari perolehan REE pada red mud. Karakterisasi FTIR pada liquids sebelum dan setelah pelindian, menghasilkan intensitas puncak yang lebih tinggi setelah pelindian dibandingkan dengan sebelum pelindian. This study aims to develop environmentally friendly Eutectic Ionic Liquids (EILs) that show excellent performance in the recovery of Rare Earth Elements (REE) from red mud. EILs were synthesized via solvometallurgical method by mixing betaine (HBA) with organic compound cis-oleic acid (HBD) at molar ratio of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, and 1:7. The composition of the synthesized EILs was characterized using FTIR and their thermal properties were analyzed using DSC. The optimal composition of betaine-cis-oleic acid EILs determined based on DSC data, appearance (colorless), homogeneity, and absence of aroma. Solubility properties were also tested, before being used in the red mud washing and extraction process. FTIR results showed that typical peaks of betaine, cis-Oleic acid, and betaine-cis-oleic EILs spectra shift, which is due to hydrogen bonds formed between hydroxyl groups. DSC tests revealed that the reaction was exothermic, resulting in the lowest freezing point found at a 1:4 ratio. Solubility tests showed that methanol can effectively dissolve EILs homogeneously. Furthermore, the performance of EILs in leaching REEs from red mud, indicated by XRF analysis that the optimum recovery percentage of Sc, Ce, Eu, Er, and Y elements under the condition of liquids (mL)/solids (g) ratio (L/S) of 20/1, temperature of 80°C, and duration of 48 hours. XRD characterization identified various compounds and minerals present in the red mud. SEM-EDX characterization showed the surface morphology and even distribution of REE recovery in the red mud. FTIR characterization of the liquids before and after leaching, resulted in higher peak intensities after leaching compared to before leaching

Ethno-Science Study of Bamboo as A Building Material of Baduy Community for Environmentally Friendly and Sustainable Materials Chemistry Learning

This study aims to develop the chemical aspects of the local practice of the Baduy community in utilizing bamboo as a traditional house building material that can be integrated in material chemistry learning. The research method is a literature study of scientific journals, books, online articles, and research reports related to bamboo as a building material, which is then analyzed by comparing local knowledge and scientific concepts to identify potential integration into science learning, especially chemistry. The result of this study is that the integration of natural science with local practices, such as bamboo used for environmentally friendly and sustainable building materials, is an innovative way to teach materials chemistry. The study of bamboo as a building material can help students understand chemistry concepts, especially the structure and physicochemical properties of materials so that students can relate the mechanical and thermal characteristics of materials to their structure in a more relevant and practical way. Thus, chemistry learning is not only limited to theory and laboratory experiments, but also includes real applications that are relevant to everyday life in society

Evaluation of Introductory Environmental Chemistry Course for Prospective Chemistry Teachers Using Context, Input and Process Models

This study aims to evaluate the learning programme of the Introduction to Environmental Chemistry course of the Chemistry Education study programme in one of the public universities in Bandung City. This study needs to be evaluated and improved because there are still aspects that are not in accordance with 21st century learning as evidenced by document analysis and learning observations.  The method used is a qualitative approach and the CIPP (Context, input, process, Product) evaluation model as a tool to evaluate and improve the lecture programme which focuses on the Context aspect in the form of document analysis of the Semester Learning Plan (SLP), the Input aspect in the form of lecturer interviews and the Process aspect in the form of learning observations. The results obtained from the analysis show that there are several findings that need to be evaluated due to the incompatibility of aspects in the SLP document update such as administrative completeness, the General Skills Aspect (GSA) 1 listed is not in accordance with the Context of Learning Outcomes (CLOs), based on interviews with teaching lecturers it is stated that problem-based learning (PBL) with the context of validated environmental issues in relevant theoretical content and in the aspect of the learning observation process it was found that there were aspects of learning practices that were not in accordance with the SLP document reference. The evaluation also highlighted the importance of updating and adjusting learning media to be more interactive and relevant to the context of environmental issues. The assessment of the last three years shows the potential to further develop programmes can to improve students' higher order thinking skill

Pembuatan Biobaterai Berbasis Ampas Kelapa dan Tomat Busuk

Indonesia merupakan negara tropis dengan produksi kelapa dan tomat yang cukup tinggi. Pada tahun 2016, Indonesia menjadi negara penghasil kelapa terbesar di dunia dengan produksi kelapa sebanyak 18,3 juta ton. Beberapa produksi pengolahan kelapa menghasilkan produk samping berupa ampas kelapa. Disisi lain, dari 916.000 ton produksi tomat pertahun terdapat 80% yang mengalami kebusukan akibat serangan hama. Kedua limbah tersebut berpotensi untuk diolah menjadi baterai ramah lingkungan. Tomat busuk telah diketahui dapat dijadikan sebagai elektrolit ramah lingkungan pada baterai dengan menghasilkan beda potensial pada baterai sebesar 1,233 Volt. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini yaitu membuat baterai ramah lingkungan berbahan dasar ampas kelapa dan tomat busuk. Ampas kelapa ditambahkan karena emulsifying tepung kelapa secara signifikan lebih tinggi dibandingkan tepung kaya serat lainnya. Metode yang digunakan adalah mencampurkan tomat busuk dengan ampas  kelapa dengan variasi komposisi 0, 25, 50, 75 dan 100% pada masing–masing konsentrasi. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah potensial, kapasitas, dan daya baterai. Hasilnya, baterai pada komposisi 0, 25, 50, 75 dan 100% menghasilkan rata-rata beda potensial masing-masing sebesar 1,27; 1,17; 1,45; 1,23; dan 0,02 Volt, arus listrik masing-masing sebesar 0,76; 1,13; 0,97; 0,24; dan 0 mA, dan daya masing-masing sebesar 0,97; 1,56; 1,43; 0,30; 0,00 miliwatt. Kondisi optimum baterai diperoleh pada baterai dengan konsentrasi 25% ampas kelapa berbanding tomat busuk dengan daya sebesar 1,56 miliwatt. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat berkontribusi pada pengembangan baterai ramah lingkungan untuk mengurangi limbah B3, seiring dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan akan baterai di era revolusi industri 4.0

Efektivitas Keaktifan Mengikuti Kegiatan Organisasi Badan Eksekutif Mahasiswa (BEM) dengan Keaktifan Belajar Mahasiswa

Badan Eksekutif Mahasiswa adalah organisasi Ekstrakampus yang merupakan lembaga eksekutif di tingkat pendidikan tinggi. Badan Eksekutif Mahasiswa menjadi sebuah lembaga yang mewadahi aspirasi mahasiswa yang memiliki semangat melakukan perubahan, dalam paradigma, emosional, intelektual atau pun nilai-nilai religius. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah, untuk mengetahui pengaruh keaktifan dalam organisasi Badan Eksekutif Mahasiswa terhadap keaktifan belajar mahasiswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Teknik analisis data menggunakan rumus persentase dan regresi linear sederhana, dengan sampel penelitian berjumlah 34 responden. Persentase keaktifan belajar dalam organisasi Badan Eksekutif Mahasiswa sebesar 90,9 %, dan keaktifan belajar mahasiswa sebesar 80,2 %. Dengan hasil penelitian: Pertama, terdapat pengaruh keaktifan dalam organisasi Badan Eksekutif Mahasiswa dengan persamaan regresi = 28.635 + 0,138. Kedua, ada pengaruh variabel keaktifan dalam organisasi Badan Eksekutif Mahasiswa terhadap keaktifan belajar mahasiswa yang ditunjukkan dengan uji thitung (3, 966) >ttabel (1,697). Ketiga, Hasil uji koefisien determinasi R square sebesar 0, 011. Arti dari koefisien ini adalah pengaruh yang diberikan oleh variabel keaktifan dalam organisasi Badan Eksekutif Mahasiswa terhadap keaktifan belajar mahasiswa adalah sebesar 1 % sedangkan sisanya 99 % dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain

Literature Review: Fabrication Method, Characterization, Performance, and Application of Cassava Peel as Bio-Coagulant for Wastewater Treatment

The purpose of this study was to conduct a literature review to determine the understanding of current research on the use of Cassava Peel (CP) in the field of wastewater treatment, especially as a coagulant. This study reports on the types of coagulant modification of CP, coagulants characterization of CP for each modification, coagulants performance of CP under various conditions, and various applications of CP coagulant for wastewater treatment. This literature study takes references from 51 articles from the period 2011-2022. We mapped each article used and visualized it using the VOS viewer to find out the relationship between topics and absorption capacity in terms of article titles and keywords. From the results of a literature review study, CP is an attractive option and has the potential to be used as a natural coagulant or adsorbent to remove pollutants (such as dyes and turbidity) in wastewater treatment. The results of this study are expected to provide benefits and ideas for utilizing agricultural waste such as CP to become an economically efficient material.   Keywords: Adsorbent, Agricultural waste, Cassava peel, Economical coagulant, VOS viewer, Water treatment

Literature Review: Fabrication Method, Characterization, Performance, and Application of Cassava Peel as Bio-Coagulant for Wastewater Treatment

The purpose of this study was to conduct a literature review to determine the understanding of current research on the use of Cassava Peel (CP) in the field of wastewater treatment, especially as a coagulant. This study reports on the types of coagulant modification of CP, coagulants characterization of CP for each modification, coagulants performance of CP under various conditions, and various applications of CP coagulant for wastewater treatment. This literature study takes references from 51 articles from the period 2011-2022. We mapped each article used and visualized it using the VOS viewer to find out the relationship between topics and absorption capacity in terms of article titles and keywords. From the results of a literature review study, CP is an attractive option and has the potential to be used as a natural coagulant or adsorbent to remove pollutants (such as dyes and turbidity) in wastewater treatment. The results of this study are expected to provide benefits and ideas for utilizing agricultural waste such as CP to become an economically efficient material.   Keywords: Adsorbent, Agricultural waste, Cassava peel, Economical coagulant, VOS viewer, Water treatment

Gerakan Pencegahan Stunting Kukerta UNRI Melalui Edukasi Pada Masyarakat Di Kampung Sungai Kayu Ara Kabupaten Siak

Stunting is a problem of chronic malnutrition caused by a lack of nutritional intake over a long period of time due to the provision of food that is not in accordance with nutritional needs.  The aim of this activity is to educate the people of Sungai Kayu Ara village regarding the importance of stunting. This socialization activity broadens the mothers' insight so that anticipatory preparations for stunting prevention can be carried out from the start. The implementation method in this research is an educational approach, direct interaction with the community, evaluation of knowledge before and after socialization, as well as concrete actions to improve children's nutrition.  All of these efforts aim to increase the community's understanding of stunting and provide concrete support to prevent it. The data sources used in this research are interviews, questionnaires and observations. The results of this research are that the majority of the people of Sungai Kayu Ara Village still have little understanding about stunting can be seen from the results of the questionnaire that was distributed by Kukerta Unri students. Of the 35 respondents who were distributed the questionnaire, only around 12 people understood about stunting. Therefore, socialization is needed regarding stunting, the effects it causes, how to prevent it, and efforts to overcome stunting from The most basic stage, as a form of individual preparation effort without relying on government programs, because overcoming stunting is an urgent problem that must be handled by various parties