Correlates of self-reported offending in children with a first police contact from distinct socio-demographic and ethnic groups

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This study aims to identify risk factors for level of offending among childhood offenders from different socio-economic status (SES) neighborhoods and ethnic origins.</p> <p>Method</p> <p>Three groups of childhood first time police arrestees were studied using standardized instruments for individual and parental characteristics: native Dutch offenders from moderate to high SES neighborhoods, native Dutch offenders from low SES neighborhoods, and offenders of non-Western origin from low SES neighborhoods.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>All subgroups showed high rates of externalizing disorders (27.2% to 41.8%) and familial difficulties (25.7% to 50.5%). Few differences between neighborhoods were found in the prevalence and impact of risk factors. However, the impact of some family risk factors on offending seemed stronger in the low SES groups. Regarding ethnical differences, family risk factors were more prevalent among non-Western childhood offenders. However, the association of these factors with level of offending seemed lower in the non-Western low SES group, while the association of some individual risk factors were stronger in the non-Western low SES group. Turning to the independent correlation of risk factors within each of the groups, in the Dutch moderate to high SES group, 23.1% of the variance in level of offending was explained by ADHD and behavioral problems; in the Dutch low SES group, 29.0% of the variance was explained by behavioral problems and proactive aggression; and in the non-Western low SES group, 41.2% of the variance was explained by substance use, sensation seeking, behavioral peer problems, and parental mental health problems.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Thereby, the study indicates few neighborhood differences in the impact of individual and parental risk factors on offending, while individual and parental risk factors may differ between ethnic groups.</p

Database Survey of Anti-Inflammatory Plants in South America: A Review

Inflammation is a complex event linked to tissue damage whether by bacteria, physical trauma, chemical, heat or any other phenomenon. This physiological response is coordinated largely by a variety of chemical mediators that are released from the epithelium, the immunocytes and nerves of the lamina propria. However, if the factor that triggers the inflammation persists, the inflammation can become relentless, leading to an intensification of the lesion. The present work is a literature survey of plant extracts from the South American continent that have been reported to show anti-inflammatory activity. This review refers to 63 bacterial families of which the following stood out: Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Apocynaceae and Celastraceae, with their countries, parts used, types of extract used, model bioassays, organisms tested and their activity

Cognitione per viam violentiae in causis ecclesiasticis et inter personas ecclesiasticas agitur, et quidem hoc ordine, ut primo hujus cognitionis theorica deinde ejusdem cognitionis praxis proponatur

El v. de port. i l'últ f. en blanc, sign.: a8, A-Rr6, Ss4Text a 2 cols. i a ratlla tirada els 1rs f., postil·les i indicadors numèrics marg. impr. i reclamsCada part té port. pròpia, frisos, caplletres orn. i culs-de-llàntia xilogr.Enquadernat amb: Tractatus de foro ecclesiae : principaliter materiam vtriusque potestatis spiritualis, scilicet & temporalis respiciens ... Coloniae Allobrogum : sumptibus Leonardi Chouët, 1678Índex

Temporal and Spatial Variations in Presence: A Qualitative Analysis

This paper presents the qualitative findings from an experiment designed to investigate breaks in presence. Participants spent approximately 5 minutes in an immersive CAVE™-like system depicting a virtual bar with five virtual characters. On four occasions the projections were made to go white to trigger clearly identifiable “anomalies ” in the audiovisual experience. Participants ’ autonomic responses were measured throughout to investigate possible physiological correlates of these experienced anomalies. Our analysis of the interviews with participants suggests that these anomalies were subjectively experienced as breaks in presence. The findings also reveal that breaks in presence have multiple causes and can range in intensity, resulting in varying recovery times. In addition, presence can vary in intensity within the same space, suggesting that presence in an immersive VE can fluctuate both temporally and spatially. 1

The CREATE Project: Mixed Reality for Design, Education, and Cultural Heritage with a Constructivist Approach

Introduction The global scope of the CREATE project is to develop a mixed-reality framework that enables highly interactive real-time construction and manipulation of photo-realistic, virtual worlds based on real data sources. This framework will be tested and applied to cultural heritage content in an educational context, as well as to the design and review of architectural/urban planning settings. The evaluation of the project is based on a human-centered, constructivist approach to working and learning, with special attention paid to the evaluation of the resulting mixed reality experience. Through this approach, participants in an activity &quot;construct&quot; their own knowledge by testing ideas and concepts based on their prior knowledge and experience, applying these to a new situation, and integrating the new knowledge gained with pre-existing intellectual constructs. Compared to previous research and design in virtual worlds, the CREATE project uses a high degree of interactivity, a