Seminatrix, S. pygaea

Number of Pages: 5Integrative BiologyGeological Science

Exploring counsellors’ experiences of working with suicidal clients, with particular focus on the issue of responsibility

A qualitative study is presented revisiting the work of Reeves and Mintz (2001) in exploring the experiences of counsellors working with suicidal clients and extending the focus to the issue of locus of responsibility. Following a review of the literature, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with six experienced counsellors currently or recently working with suicidal clients. These were recorded, transcribed and the material analysed using the constant comparative method (Maykut & Morehouse, 1994) to yield twelve categories representing participants experience. Themes emerging included: the impact of training, experience and organisational context, issues of client autonomy and professional responsibility, contrasting thoughts and feelings of counsellors when clients disclose suicidal feelings, ways counsellors seek to work with suicidal clients whilst dealing with their own feelings and finally, the locus of responsibility for the suicidal client and young clients especially. These are placed in context of the literature and limitations; implications for practice and further research are discussed

An internet survey of psychiatrists who have a particular interest in cognitive behavioural therapy: what is the place for the cognitive behavioural model in their role as a psychiatrist?

A survey of psychiatrists with a special interest in CBT was conducted by email correspondence to answer two main questions: ‘What are the uses and the usefulness of the cognitive behavioural model within the day-to-day practice of psychiatrists?’ and ‘What are the most important roles of the consultant medical psychotherapist who has specialized in CBT?’ Despite the constraints of a low response rate the results still reflected the views of 46 psychiatrists who were particularly experienced in the area of CBT. They reported that the cognitive behavioural model was useful in general psychiatric settings, in particular in the engagement of patients, improving client's insight, adherence to medications, and for trainee supervision. The responders reaffirmed previously held views about the role of the consultant medical psychotherapist (CBT), in particular the roles of the assessment and management of complex cases, of taking responsibility for patients with a combination of medical and psychological issues and of teaching CBT to psychiatrists and other mental health professionals. The challenges of translating CBT competencies into generic non-CBT psychiatric settings are discussed, with the important potential role of the medical psychotherapist in this respect. The key skill of formulating cases in secondary care is emphasized

Ecoengineering with Ecohydrology: Successes and failures in estuarine restoration

© 2016 Elsevier Ltd. Ecological Engineering (or Ecoengineering) is increasingly used in estuaries to re-create and restore ecosystems degraded by human activities, including reduced water flow or land poldered for agricultural use. Here we focus on ecosystem recolonization by the biota and their functioning and we separate Type A Ecoengineering where the physico-chemical structure is modified on the basis that ecological structure and functioning will then follow, and Type B Ecoengineering where the biota are engineered directly such as through restocking or replanting. Modifying the physical system to create and restore natural processes and habitats relies on successfully applying Ecohydrology, where suitable physical conditions, especially hydrography and sedimentology, are created to recover estuarine ecology by natural or human-mediated colonisation of primary producers and consumers, or habitat creation. This successional process then allows wading birds and fish to reoccupy the rehabilitated areas, thus restoring the natural food web and recreating nursery areas for aquatic biota. We describe Ecohydrology principles applied during Ecoengineering restoration projects in Europe, Australia, Asia, South Africa and North America. These show some successful and sustainable approaches but also others that were less than successful and not sustainable despite the best of intentions (and which may even have harmed the ecology). Some schemes may be 'good for the ecologists', as conservationists consider it successful that at least some habitat was created, albeit in the short-term, but arguably did little for the overall ecology of the area in space or time. We indicate the trade-offs between the short- and long-term value of restored and created ecosystems, the success at developing natural structure and functioning in disturbed estuaries, the role of this in estuarine and wetland management, and the costs and benefits of Ecoengineering to the socio-ecological system. These global case studies provide important lessons for both the science and management of estuaries, including that successful estuarine restoration is a complex and often difficult process, and that Ecoengineering with Ecohydrology aims to control and/or simulate natural ecosystem processes

Age and sex-selective predation moderate the overall impact of predators

© 2014 The Authors. Journal of Animal Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society. Acknowledgements: Thanks to J. Reid, S. Redpath, A. Beckerman and an anonymous reviewer for their helpful comments on a previous version of the manuscript. This work was partly funded by a Natural Environment Research Council studentship NE/J500148/1 to SH and a grant NE/F021402/1 to XL and by Natural Research Limited. Forest Research funded all the fieldwork on goshawks, tawny owls and field voles during 1973–1996. We thank B. Little, P. Hotchin, D. Anderson and all field assistants for their help with data collection and Forest Enterprise, T. Dearnley and N. Geddes for allowing and facilitating work in Kielder Forest. In addition, we are grateful to English Nature and the BTO for kindly issuing licences annually visit goshawk nest sites. Data accessibility: All data associated with the study which have not already been given in the text are available from the Dryad Digital Repository: http://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h1289 (Hoy et al. 2014).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Eastown! A report on how Aquinas College helped its local community reverse neighbor

The success story presented in the following narrative is offered not only as an inspiration and a gratifying tale of problems accurately identified and effectively dealt with, but more importantly this publication provides a basis for the use of lessons learned that can profitably serve other communities and agencies faced with the same or similar vexing concerns. The problem of nearby static or deteriorating neighborhoodshas plagued colleges, hospitals, and churches for many years. Now we have at least one tested approach to the perennial question, "What can our institution do to help save its neighborhood?" The strategies employed by Aquinas College in working with its contiguous community are not offered in the form of a blueprint. Rather, they are meant to serve as an aid in the formulation of the special approach called for in other similar but always unique situations. Nevertheless, it is possible to benefit from learning the details of the gratifying developments now proudly referred to as the Aquinas-Eastown experience. Even more promising is the offer that accompanies this publication. Aquinas College and Eastown Community Association have magnanimously agreed to share freely their hardwon expertise. With this book they offer to help individuals and groups to adapt to other settings the strategies applied in Eastown. On request they are willing to provide counsel and to supplement,as appropriate, this brief report of their pioneering response to neighborhood renewal

Robert Hertz, Anthropophagic Practices and Traditional South Fore Mortuary Rites in Papua New Guinea

In this paper we examine the traditional mortuary rites of the South Fore people of Papua New Guinea using Robert Hertz’s theory of secondary burial and the three mechanisms of mourning identified by Daniel Lagache. The ethnographic data that we obtained on South Fore interpretations of their own mortuary rites showed that all forms of corpse handling achieved the same end results through the process of secondary burial. Furthermore, the three mechanisms of mourning applied equally to all forms of corpse disposal and we found no evidence to support psychosexual interpretations of mortuary anthropophagy which emphasise aggression. South Fore interpretations of mortuary anthropophagy show that the dead were eaten out of love, and to protect the mourners from the painful emotion of witnessing the decomposition of the corpse. These findings affirm the relevance of the concepts of Hertz and Lagache to the universal human experiences of death and mourning