HEAO 3 upper limits to the expected 1634 KeV line from SS 483

A model based on 24 Mg(1369) was developed as the source of the lines in which refractory grains in the jets, containing Mg and 0, are bombarded, by ambient protons in the local ISM. The narrowness of the features results because the recoil Mg nucleus is stopped in the grain before the 1369 keV excited state decays. A consequence of the 24 Mg interpretation is the expected appearance of other emission lines, due to 20 Ne and 20 Na, which are produced by proton bombardment of 24 Mg at the 33 MeV/nucleon energy corresponding to the velocity of the jets. These lines appear at rest energies of 1634 keV and 1636 keV, respectively, and should have essentially the same total flux as that emited at 1369 keV. The HEAO 3 data are examined to search for the 1634 keV (rest) emission. The observation and analysis, the results, and the implications for the understanding of SS 433 are discussed

High-resolution spectrum of Cygnus X-1

A high resolution spectrum of Cygnus X-1 in the 45 to 600 keV range is presented. The measurement was made by the HEAO 3 gamma ray spectrometer during 82 days in the fall of 1979 and spring of 1980, when the source was in its normal low state. Results of a search for narrow emission lines from the source are reported. The spectrum shows no significant narrow features. The 3 delta upper limit to a narrow 511 keV annihilation line is 3 x 0.0001 photons/sq cm/s. There is also no evidence in HEAO 3 broadband data above 500 keV for the broad annihilation feature observed by HEAO 1

Statistical-Thermal Model Calculations using THERMUS

Selected results obtained using THERMUS, a newly-developed statistical-thermal model analysis package, are presented.Comment: Contributed to 8th International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter, Cape Town, South Africa, 15-20 September 200

Gamma-ray burst variability above 4 MeV

The relationship between the hard X-ray and gamma ray emissions during four bursts using the anti-coincidence shields of the High Energy Astronomy Observatory 3 (HEAO 3) Gamma Ray Spectrometer is explored. Recent observations of gamma ray bursts by the Solar Maximum Mission Gamma Ray Spectrometer (GRS) have shown that high energy emission above 1 MeV is a common and energetically important feature (Matz et al. 1985). Time histories of four gamma ray bursts in 3 energy bands ( keV, around 511 keV, and 4 MeV) with 10.24 a resolution show that the 4 MeV flux is only weakly coupled to the spectrum below approximately 600 keV

Galactic distribution of interstellar Al-26

A narrow cosmic gamma ray line at 1809 keV was discovered which was interpreted as resulting from the decay of approximately 3 M sub theta of Al-26 residing in the galactic disk. While its intrinsic width was unresolved by the HEAO 3 spectrometer, a (1 sigma) limit of 3 keV FWHM was obtained; this corresponds to bulk motions of v 250 km/s, which is consistent with material at rest in the ISM. Sites which have been suggested include type II supernovae and massive stars which are members of the extreme population I, as well as novae and red giants which are associated with an older disk population. The HEAO 3 data was used to distinguish between these two stellar populations

Very high energy gamma rays from the Crab Nebula

Observations of the Crab pulsar using the atmospheric Cerenkov technique were conducted for 22 hours. The light curve obtained shows a single peak at approximately the position of the expected main peak with a significance level of 3.2 sigma. The pulsed flux above 200 GeV is 2.5 + or - 0.8 x 10 to the 11th power cm(-2)s(-1)

Questioning policy, youth participation and lifestyle sports

Young people have been identified as a key target group for whom participation in sport and physical activity could have important benefits to health and wellbeing and consequently have been the focus of several government policies to increase participation in the UK. Lifestyle sports represent one such strategy for encouraging and sustaining new engagements in sport and physical activity in youth groups, however, there is at present a lack of understanding of the use of these activities within policy contexts. This paper presents findings from a government initiative which sought to increase participation in sport for young people through provision of facilities for mountain biking in a forest in south-east England. Findings from qualitative research with 40 young people who participated in mountain biking at the case study location highlight the importance of non-traditional sports as a means to experience the natural environments through forms of consumption which are healthy, active and appeal to their identities. In addition, however, the paper raises questions over the accessibility of schemes for some individuals and social groups, and the ability to incorporate sports which are inherently participant-led into state-managed schemes. Lifestyle sports such as mountain biking involve distinct forms of participation which present a challenge for policy-makers who seek to create and maintain sustainable communities of youth participants

Comparison of Chemical Freeze-Out Criteria in Heavy-Ion Collisions

One of the most remarkable results to emerge from heavy-ion collisions over the past two decades is the striking regularity shown by particle yields at all energies. This has led to several very successful proposals describing particle yields over a very wide range of beam energies, reaching from 1 A GeV up to 200 A GeV, using only one or two parameters. A systematic comparison of these proposals is presented here. The conditions of fixed energy per particle, baryon+anti-baryon density, normalized entropy density as well as percolation model are investigated. The results are compared with the most recent chemical freeze-out parameters obtained in the thermal-statistical analysis of particle yields. The sensitivity and dependence of the results on parameters is analyzed and discussed. It is shown that in the energy range above the top AGS energy, within present accuracies, all chemical freeze-out criteria give a fairly good description of the particle yields. However, the low energy heavy-ion data favor the constant energy per particle as a unified condition of chemical particle freeze-out. This condition also shows the weakest sensitivity on model assumptions and parameters.Comment: 15 pages 7 figures uses revte

Monitoring the Low-Energy Gamma-Ray Sky Using Earth Occultation with GLAST GBM

Long term all-sky monitoring of the 20 keV – 2 MeV gamma-ray sky using the Earth occultation technique was demonstrated by the BATSE instrument on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory. The principles and techniques used for the development of an end-to-end earth occultation data analysis system for BATSE can be extended to the GLAST Burst Monitor (GBM), resulting in multiband light curves and time-resolved spectra in the energy range 8 keV to above 1 MeV for known gamma-ray sources and transient outbursts, as well as the discovery of new sources of gamma-ray emission. In this paper we describe the application of the technique to the GBM. We also present the expected sensitivity for the GBM

W. H. Wheaton requesting a transcript of his service in the army

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