An Analysis of Factors Associated with Advancement of Selected High School Administrators in Illinois

This study was designed to research and statistically assess intrinsic and extrinsic factors associated with advancement of secondary level administrators, comparing males with females. Administrators from randomly selected high schools in Illinois were surveyed. The survey sought demographic information and reactions to attitudinal statements measured on a Likert scale. An evaluation of demographic information revealed that as groups, men and women administrators are different. T-test analyses of intrinsic and extrinsic factors associated with administrative advancement disclosed that no statistical significant differences exist between males and females. Based on this study, recommendations are made which may prove useful in further research endeavors

An Analysis of Factors Associated with Advancement of Selected High School Administrators in Illinois

This study was designed to research and statistically assess intrinsic and extrinsic factors associated with advancement of secondary level administrators, comparing males with females. Administrators from randomly selected high schools in Illinois were surveyed. The survey sought demographic information and reactions to attitudinal statements measured on a Likert scale. An evaluation of demographic information revealed that as groups, men and women administrators are different. T-test analyses of intrinsic and extrinsic factors associated with administrative advancement disclosed that no statistical significant differences exist between males and females. Based on this study, recommendations are made which may prove useful in further research endeavors

Corporate social responsibility or sustainability in music festivals

Purpose – To establish whether social considerations are valued within UK music festivals. Methodology – A case study featuring 21 semi-structured interviews with stakeholders delivering 7 music festivals. Thematic analysis enabled identification of insights into differences between organisers and suppliers. Findings - The respondents were positive towards sustainability however CSR had little recognition. Both stakeholder groups adopted ‘ethical’ practices. Suppliers want organisers to be transparent and fair. Organisers want supplier to comply with their approaches. All stakeholders need to improve their communications. Practical implications - Festivals operate in increasingly competitive environments hence the insights herein should improve stakeholder and festivalgoer engagement. Originality - Few studies of the adoption of social considerations exist within the creative industries. Research limitations – As a small qualitative study, it is not representative of the sector. Furthermore suppliers may be unwilling to critique festivals. Social desirability bias may be evident. Key words – Sustainability, CSR, Music Festivals, Stakeholders, Suppliers, Perceptions, Awareness Paper type - Researc

Peer influence strategies in collectively consumed products: (Events and Festivals): An exploratory study among university students.

PURPOSE: The paper examines peer influence in the context of purchasing collectively consumed products. The particular focus of the paper is on strategies used by university students for persuasion and resistance when attending events & festivals. METHODOLOGY: Five females and three males studying for a degree in the UK were interviewed. Independent analysis of the interview transcripts was undertaken in order to identify persuasion and resistance strategies, as well as the factors influencing a strategy's success. FINDINGS: A number of persuasion and resistance strategies are used and certain strategies use specific language techniques. Some of these strategies are only applicable to reference groups who have a history of consuming products together, as they resort to past experiences as a means of producing a persuasion or resistance argument. The extent to which the influence is successful is also discussed as being very subjective and dependent on the particular context of the persuasion exercise. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: This is the first study to exclusively examine peer influence in the context of collectively consumed products, notably influence and resistance strategies, and the conditions which can make these effective. The study illustrates the types of strategies peers use when attending events, in particular those used by people who live in a fairly close social system (university study) and where there is no formal hierarchy (in contrast with parent-children influence). The context can influence the types of strategies used, for example the nature of the relationship between students, which is based on high levels of trust, makes it inappropriate to use certain strategies

The bilateralisation of British foreign policy: status and consequences for Germany and the EU after one year of Brexit

Since Brexit, the United Kingdom (UK) has been increasing its focus on bilateral rela­tions with EU member states, in particular in the field of foreign and security policy. One year after the end of the transition period, London has achieved its first successes: The UK has won over Germany and a number of European Union (EU) member states in its efforts to deepen bilateral relations and has agreed on new coordination structures. In order to demonstrate their importance to European security, the Brit­ish have engaged intensively in crisis situations, such as the one on the Polish/Lithua­nian EU external border with Belarus as well as the Russian military build-up around Ukraine. The EU, on the other hand, has no interest in this bilateralisation. Instead of insisting on a standard third-country model that does not suit London and faced with the possible return of a large-scale war in Europe, the EU and the UK should urgently work towards a joint security partnership. (author's abstract

More EU decisions by qualified majority voting - but how? Legal and political options for extending qualified majority voting

In the debate on how to strengthen the European Union's (EU) capacity to act, calls for an extension of qualified majority voting (QMV) are growing louder. The Council of the EU is currently discussing using the so-called passerelle clauses in the Treaty on European Union (TEU). With these clauses, more decisions by QMV could be intro­duced without a major treaty change or a convention. However, abolishing national vetoes in this way would first require unanimity as well as, in some cases, additional national approval procedures. Such unanimity is currently not in sight, as resistance is prevailing in smaller and medium-sized member states, which fear that they could be regularly outvoted. What is needed, therefore, is an institutional reform package in which decisions by QMV are extended with the aim of facilitating further enlargement of the EU and are accompanied by emergency clauses to protect core national interests. (author's abstract

How Can I Drink Safely?; Perception Versus the Reality of Alcohol Consumption

This article investigates differences between perception and actual consumption of alcohol in young adults within the UK, suggesting that inaccurate information in the public domain may hamper those seeking to drink safely plus the development of moderate drinking cultures. Results confirm that inaccurate information may be preventing the development of safe drinking behaviours among certain groups. In addition, they indicate that some groups choose to ignore safe consumption limits in particular circumstances. Results indicate that many government strategies aimed at reducing unsafe drinking behaviour are inaccurately targeted; changing male public consumption behaviour may trigger changes in female behaviour

What the 2021 election manifestos tell us about the views of German parties on the EU

Angela Merkel will step down as German Chancellor following the country’s federal elections on 26 September. But what direction might Germany’s EU policy take in the post-Merkel era? Minna Ålander, Julina Mintel and Dominik Rehbaum assess what lessons can be learned from the main party manifestos

How Germany’s coalition negotiations could change the EU’s political landscape

Coalition negotiations are still ongoing between the German Social Democrats, Greens and Free Democrats. Minna Ålander, Julina Mintel and Dominik Rehbaum examine what an agreement between the three parties might mean for EU politics

Factors affecting penicillium roquefortii (penicillium glaucum) in internally mould ripened cheeses: implications for pre-packed blue cheeses

The amount and vivid colour of blue veins of internally mould ripened cheeses are desirable quality characteristics. It is therefore important that there is a sufficient amount of veining and that it maintains its blue appearance to be appealing to consumers therefore leading to maximised sales potential and profit for the manufacturing company. Optimum in vitro growth mimicking the conditions typically found in prepacked blue cheeses, and using lactose as the sole carbon source, was facilitated by a gas mixture of 5% oxygen ⁄0% carbon dioxide ⁄ balance nitrogen). The work undertaken in this study determined that the factors for optimum in vitro growth of Penicillium roquefortii (strain PRB6) were: a temperature of 20 ± 1 �C, pH of 6.0 ± 0.1, and a relative humidity of 70 ± 0.1%. Further in vitro studies have also shown that the increasing ‘in-pack’ carbon dioxide concentration not only depresses the growth of P. roquefortii but also affects immature conidiospore pigmentation (no effect has been seen on mature conidiospore pigmentation). The implications of this study suggest that the majority of pre-packed internally mould ripened blue cheeses on sale in supermarkets are packaged in inappropriate materials. For some cheeses (e.g. the Roquefort-type cheeses) this is not an issue since these are packed in a much more mature state and some loss of veining colour is not appreciably noticeable