Compact gasification and synthesis for flexible production of transport fuels and heat

Summary of FLEXCHX and COMSYN webinar

Opportunities and Challenges for Electro-Fuels in Future Aviation

1. Sustainable fuels are required to meet the aviation contribution towards Europe’s climate obligations 2. GHG abatement costs shall be the key decision criteria for large scale SAF deployment, PBtL: < 1.000 €/tCO2-eq. achievable 3. Europe can largely decarbonize its aviation utilizing biomass residues, investing in renewable power 4. PtX will only cover a minor portion of current crude oil consumption 5. Preventing + Shifting + Replacing of transport by REGULATION require

Public report on the marketability of the ABC-SALT middle distillates biofuels

Acknowledging the low TRL, this deliverable targets to analyze the ABC-Salt process with respect to its marketability. The process is investigated from a technical, economic, ecological and social perspectives: • The jet fuel market and current price development and production routes to produce sustainable aviation fuels are outlined. • Objectives of the process, the feedstock availability (and an according prospective product availability) and the target specifications of the final product are highlighted. • ABC-Salt products are benchmarked against thet targeted jet fuel specifications. • Process efficiencies, net production cost, global warming potential and the acceptability and acceptance are investigated. The results may aid to steer further researches beyond this projec

PtX opportunities and challenges for aviation and beyond - Technical, economic and ecologic evaluation from aviation point of view

Conclusions: PtX opportunities and challenges for aviation and beyond? Opportunity 1: Promised enormous increase in renewable energy generation • German coalition agreement (government): +300 - 350 TWh renewable electricity by 2030 • New RE capacity implementation: 35 - 40 TWh p.a.? • 10 % for aviation: 3.5 – 4.0 TWh -> +100 - 200 kt/a SAF addition each year? Opportunity 2: Promised short term SAF pull (aviation industry) and push (expected deployment policies) • Immediate utilization of >: e.g. stop burning industrial H2, explore cheap green carbon Challenge 1: underdeveloped European SAF industry (compared to GWP saving request) • Mandatory: reliable, permanent market for SAF – e.g., year-on-year growth rate of blending until 2030? • Investor certainty crucial Promise 100 % SAF within 3 decades? - Fair share: 33 % supply in this decade

TECHNICAL, ECONOMIC AND ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF EUROPEAN SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUELS (SAF) PRODUCTION

Ergebnisse der standardisierten techno-ökonomisch-ökologischen Analyse der Bewertung alternativer Kraftstoffe werden am Beispiel von Fischer-Tropsch Luftfahrttreibstoffen aus Biomasse, Strom und CO2 gezeigt. Für die europäische Luftfahrtindustrie wurde eine Road-map erarbeitet, um unter Einsatz weitestgehend nachhaltiger Einsatzstoffe signifikante Mengen von SAF zu erzeugen. Produktionskosten und Treibhausgaspotenzial der Kraftstoffe werden regional ermittelt

Can e-fuels replace fossil fuels for a future global sustainable transport?

The use of synthetic fuels is an attractive solution to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions where electrification proves to be challenging or too cost intensive. Combining the use of renewable electricity to produce electrolytic hydrogen and sustainable carbon (e.g. from non-crop-based biomass) offers a promising route for large-scale, low carbon power-to-X-products (PtX). While the process technology is pretty mature, the energy efficiency, the production costs, the GHG savings and the possible production capacity is a part of the political debate. Rigorous chemical process simulation using standard software like Aspen Plus with experimentally validated unit performance data is the basis to get an exact representation of the entire process. Chemical engineering cost estimation is applied to predict net production costs (NPC) of PtX-products for transport fuels. A life cycle assessment (LCA) is performed with the open source framework Brightway2 using the same data set of rigorous process simulation. Costs and GWP where calculated using the in-house tool Techno-Economic Process Evaluation Tool (TEPET)

Bio-inspired micro-to-nanoporous polymers with tunable stiffness

Background: Inspired by structural hierarchies and the related excellent mechanical properties of biological materials, we created a smoothly graded micro- to nanoporous structure from a thermoplastic polymer. Results: The viscoelastic properties for the different pore sizes were investigated in the glassy regime by dynamic flat-punch indentation. Interestingly, the storage modulus was observed to increase with increasing pore-area fraction. Conclusion: This outcome appears counterintuitive at first sight, but can be rationalized by an increase of the pore wall thickness as determined by our quantitative analysis of the pore structure. Therefore, our approach represents a non-chemical way to tune the elastic properties and their local variation for a broad range of polymers by adjusting the pore size gradient

Decarbonization of the glass industry in Germany - Example for the decarbonization of global basic industry?

Am Beispiel der Glasindustrie wird gezeigt, wie Industrieprozesse in Europa dekarbonisiert werden können

E-FUEL OPTIONS IN PRIVATE TRANSPORT, AVIATION AND SHIPPING

E-Fuel options in private transport, aviation and shipping - Techno economic and environmental assessmen

Application of techno economic and ecological process assessment for cost estimation of renewable fuels

In der Prozessverfahrenstechnik sind Kostenschätzungen für Neuanlagen in unterschiedlichen Genauigkeitsstufen üblich und erforderlich für abgestufte Entscheidungsprozesse zur Mittelfreigabe bis zur Errichtung einer Anlage. Diese gelten für Großanlagen bekannter Technologie (technology readiness level 9), werden allerdings auch für Neuanlagen und die Kostenprognose von Entwicklungsprojekten eingesetzt. In der Wissenschaft ist eine Bewertung bis zum sogenannten preliminary estimate (Class 4) basierend auf begrenzten Kostendaten und Verfahrensdetails möglich, teilweise mit Anteilen eines sogenannten budgeting estimate (Class 3), wenn konkrete Kostendaten über wesentliche Prozessstufen vorliegen. Am DLR wurde diese Methode standardisiert und im Software-Werkzeug TEPET automatisiert, um den Einfluss von Änderungen im Prozessdesign auf die zu erwartenden Produktionskosten auf Basis der Fließbildsimulation zu ermitteln. Methodik und Software-Werkzeug werden im Vortrag erläutert. Die vielfältigen Nutzungsmöglichkeiten der Ergebnisse der techno-ökonomischen Analyse werden anhand von Beispielen präsentiert