QUALITY OF SCHOOLING IN RURAL AREAS

Community/Rural/Urban Development,

FOOD STAMP PARTICIPATION AMONG LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS: THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS OF THE IMPACT ON THE DEMAND FOR FOOD

Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,

A METHODOLOGY FOR DESIGNING PERVIOUS BICYCLE LANES FOR STORMWATER MANAGEMENT

Bicycles have proven to be an efficient and reliable form of transportation in urban settings. Therefore, the addition of bicycle lanes into the transportation network could significantly impact and improve the sustainability of our infrastructure by reducing greenhouse emissions and improving the health of individuals who cycle on a regular basis. Pervious pavements are an approved (LID) strategy that could potentially be used to construct these new facilities thereby reducing the quantity of stormwater runoff and improving the water quality. Practicing engineers need both a design aid and research supported methods for designing these improvements before they can be fully implemented throughout the state and country. The data and results presented in this thesis have accomplished three main objectives: 1) the effects of slope on surface infiltration rates of pervious pavements due to run-on from adjoining impervious traffic lanes were analyzed and a design procedure for surface infiltration was presented; 2) the characteristics of sub-surface flow for multiple slope, flow rate, and discharge weir conditions were analyzed and a design procedure for the bicycle lane subbase was presented; and 3) a preliminary investigation of an improved test method was completed to determine the permeability of pervious materials which could be used for bicycle lane construction. Three apparatus were constructed for use in these experiments; the bicycle lane test rig, used to complete the surface and sub-surface flow experiments, along with two falling head permeameters and two forced flow permeameters used to evaluate different procedures for measuring the permeability of a porous material. The design procedures included in this thesis include a method to determine the required bicycle lane width and hydraulic conductivity required to intercept a design storm flow and a routine to design a cascading reservoir subbase system to control and infiltrate stormwater intercepted by the bicycle lane. This thesis does not specifically address the structural design of the pervious pavement or subbase. Further research is needed to fully evaluate the effectiveness of current and alternative procedures for determining the permeabilities of pervious pavements and subbase aggregates. Additionally, further details need to be addressed for the pervious bicycle lane design including the use of underdrains, the potential for surface clogging, and the stability of adjacent roadways

PhD

thesisThe fate of testosterone administered intravenously in experimental animals has been investigated. The injected testosterone diffused rapidly from the circulation into various tissues of the body, the highest concentrations being found in fat. The testosterone was apparently not metabolized in the fatty tissues but was reabsorbed back into the circulation as it was removed by other structures. Evidence in presented to indicate that the liver and kidney is probable site of such metabolism. That other sites than liver and kidney might be involved in the metabolism of testosterone was indicated by studies in hepatectomized, nephrectomized animals in which less than 50% of the testosterone injected could be accounted for in a major proportion of the tissues. The metabolism of testosterone in human serum albumin given intravenously to human subjects was studied. In normal subjects an average of 74% of the injected testosterone was accounted for by an increased in urinary conjugated 17-ketosteroids during the post-injection period. An average of 63% was excreted during the first 24 hours with the major part of this excretion occurring during the first two hours. Following intravenous testosterone conjugated 17-ketosteroids were demonstrable in the plasmas. Maximum plasma level was found at 20 minutes after administration. The importance of the liver in the metabolism of testosterone was demonstrated by the lower concentrations of 17-ketosteroids in both the urine and plasma following administration of testosterone intravenously in a series of patients with liver disease. More than on pathway of testosterone metabolism was indicated by the much lower proportion of the injected hormone which was recovered as excess 17-ketosteroids in the cirrhotic patients in spite of the rapid disappearance and minimal excretion of the original steroid. After intravenous administration of testosterone to normal males the following steroids were isolated from the urine and identified: etiocholanol-3alpha-one-17, androsterone, etiocholanediol 3alpha, 17alpha and 3delta,5-androstadienone-17. It was further demonstrated that the androsterone and eitocholanolone which made up the greater part of the 17-ketosteroids in the urine were conjugated with glucuronic acid. No significant amounts of 3beta-hydroxysteroids were found in the ketonic fraction

TRADITIONAL AND NONTRADITIONAL DETERMINANTS OF HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES ON SELECTED FRUITS AND VEGETABLES

Nontraditional variables such as liquid assets, households management style, and psychological levels influence both the type and variety of fruits and vegetables served by Washington households. Among traditional variables, household size, education levels, and geographic area within Washington State are relatively important factors. Income and occupation are relatively weak as explanatory variables. The liquid asset levels consume a larger amount and a greater variety of fruits and vegetables.Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,

Photolytically generated aerosols in the mesosphere and thermosphere of Titan

Analysis of the Cassini Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (UVIS) stellar and solar occultations at Titan to date include 12 species: N$_{2}$ (nitrogen), CH$_{4}$ (methane), C$_{2}$H$_{2}$ (acetylene), C$_{2}$H$_{4}$ (ethylene), C$_{2}$H$_{6}$ (ethane), C$_{4}$H$_{2}$ (diacetylene), C$_{6}$H$_{6}$ (benzene), C$_{6}$N$_{2}$ (dicyanodiacetylene), C$_{2}$N$_{2}$ (cyanogen), HCN (hydrogen cyanide), HC$_{3}$N (cyanoacetylene), and aerosols distinguished by a structureless continuum extinction (absorption plus scattering) of photons in the EUV. The introduction of aerosol particles, retaining the same refractive index properties as tholin with radius $\sim$125 \AA and using Mie theory, provides a satisfactory fit to the spectra. The derived vertical profile of aerosol density shows distinct structure, implying a reactive generation process reaching altitudes more than 1000 km above the surface. A photochemical model presented here provides a reference basis for examining the chemical and physical processes leading to the distinctive atmospheric opacity at Titan. We find that dicyanodiacetylene is condensable at $\sim$650 km, where the atmospheric temperature minimum is located. This species is the simplest molecule identified to be condensable. Observations are needed to confirm the existence and production rates of dicyanodiacetylene.Comment: A typo in Table 1 was made in the previous version. The corrected tholin abundance is 4.6x10^11. ApJL in press. Will be published on June 1st, or May 21 onlin

IUE archived spectra

The International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) Satellite has been in continuous operation since January 26, 1978. To date, approximately 65,000 spectra have been stored in an archive at Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, MD. A number of procedures have been generated to facilitate access to the data in the IUE spectral archive. This document describes the procedures which include on-line quick look of the displays, search of an observation data base for selected observations, and several methods for ordering data from the archive

An Experimental and Modeling Study of Pervious Pavement Bicycle Lanes

2012 S.C. Water Resources Conference - Exploring Opportunities for Collaborative Water Research, Policy and Managemen

BOSS Ultracool Dwarfs I: Colors and Magnetic Activity of M and L dwarfs

We present the colors and activity of ultracool (M7-L8) dwarfs from the Tenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We combine previous samples of SDSS M and L dwarfs with new data obtained from the Baryon Oscillation Sky Survey (BOSS) to produce the BOSS Ultracool Dwarf (BUD) sample of 11820 M7-L8 dwarfs. By combining SDSS data with photometry from the Two Micron All Sky Survey and the Wide-Field Infrared Sky Explorer mission, we present ultracool dwarf colors from $i-z$ to $W2-W3$ as a function of spectral type, and extend the SDSS-2MASS-WISE color locus to include ultracool dwarfs. The $i-z$, $i-J$, and $z-J$ colors provide the best indication of spectral type for M7-L3 dwarfs. We also examine ultracool dwarf chromospheric activity through the presence and strength of H$\alpha$ emission. The fraction of active dwarfs rises through the M spectral sequence until it reaches $\sim$90% at spectral type L0. The fraction of active dwarfs then declines to 50% at spectral type L5; no H$\alpha$ emission is observed in the late-L dwarfs in the BUD sample. The fraction of active L0-L5 dwarfs is much higher than previously observed. The strength of activity declines with spectral type from M7 through L3, after which the data do not show a clear trend. Using one-dimensional chromosphere models, we explore the range of filling factors and chromospheric temperature structures that are consistent with H$\alpha$ observations of M0-L7 dwarfs. M dwarf chromospheres have a similar, smoothly varying range of temperature and surface coverage while L dwarf chromospheres are cooler and have smaller filling factors.Comment: 24 pages and 13 figures, submitted to AJ. A short video describing these results can be found at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wwX5WkuJCU

Excavations in the Archaic Civic Buildings at Azoria in 2005-2006

Continuing excavation on the South Acropolis at Azoria in northeastern Crete has exposed buildings of Archaic date (7th–early 5th century b.c.) that served communal or public functions. Work conducted in 2005 and 2006 completed the exploration of Late Archaic levels within the Communal Dining Building (putative andreion complex), the Monumental Civic Building, and the adjacent Service Building. These contexts and their assemblages, especially the animal and plant remains, permit the characterization of diverse dining practices and the interpretation of patterns of food production and consumption. Both the Communal Dining Building and the Monumental Civic Building show extensive evidence of communal feasting and the integration of cult