The Concordance of Caregiver-Teacher Perspectives on the Behavior of Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

Diagnosing a child with a Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is a complex process that can require the collaboration of many individuals. Gathering information from multiple informants has been essential for diagnosis (CDC, 2012). The Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Teacher Rating Form (TRF) have been used in research to determine cross-informant agreement within various clinical populations, but little research has studied the concordance of caregiver-teacher perceptions on the behavior of children with FASDs. Data from 139 participants diagnosed with an FASD through the Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Clinic in Las Vegas, Nevada were included for analysis. Interrater Pearson r correlations were calculated from mean T-Scores for cross-informant scales on the CBCL and TRF to determine the degree of concordance between caregiver and teacher perceptions of problem behaviors of children with FASDs. Effects of age, gender, and diagnosis on the degree of concordance between caregiver and teacher report were also examined. Results revealed weak to moderate correlations across several domains and factors, including Externalizing Problems, Total Problems, Attention Problems, Rule-Breaking Behavior, Aggressive Behavior, Social Problems, ADHD Problems, Oppositional Defiant Problems, and Conduct Problems. Further analysis indicated significant differences between mean T-Scores for caregivers and teachers. However, when analyzed within qualitative categories (i.e., Normal, Borderline, and Clinical), caregiver and teacher responses were similar on many scales. When compared to cross-informant correlations within Achenbach’s normalized sample of participants, results indicated stronger correlations within this sample on several broad and narrow domains. Practical implications, conclusions, and areas for future research are discussed

Contenido de metales en muestras biológicas de la isla Rocuant, bahía Concepción, Chile

The presence of heavy metals in organisms tissues from the Rocuant Island, Concepcion Bay, is analyzed. The study was carried out on the bivalve Tagelus dombeii (“navajuela”), Mulinia edulis (“taquilla”), the seaweeds Gracilaria chilensis (“pelillo”) and Rhodymenia sp (“rodymenia”) and the fi sh Stromateus stellatus (“pampanito “). The metals analyzed were Cd, Fe, Hg, Pb and Zn and there were no previous records in the locality. The sampling for benthic organisms was carried out by “hooka” diving, while fi sh were caught using a fi shing nets. In general, metals concentrations are comparable to values reported in the literature for the same species in other areas of central Chilean coast. This suggests they refl ect a natural condition and the levels of Cd, Hg and Pb in the bivalve mollusks are under the acceptance levels for products to export. It should be noticed that Pb content in these organisms is under the analytical detection limits in all organisms, as well as Cd in the fi sh S. stellatus and the seaweeds G. chilensis. The Fe content in Rhodymenia sp. shows the highest absolute value of the whole study.Se analiza la presencia de metales pesados en tejidos de organismos provenientes del sector aledaño a Isla Rocuant, Bahía Concepción. Los organismos estudiados fueron los bivalvos bentónicos Tagelus dombeii (“navajuela”), Mulinia edulis (“taquilla”), las macroalgas Gracilaria chilensis (“pelillo”) y Rhodymenia sp (“rodymenia”) y el pez Stromateus stellatus (“pampanito”). Los metales analizados en sus tejidos fueron Cd, Fe, Hg, Pb y Zn para los cuales no existen registros previos en la localidad. La obtención de las muestras fue realizada por medio de buceo “hooka” para los organismos bentónicos, mientras que los peces fueron capturados mediante redes de pesca. En general, los metales encontrados presentan concentraciones comparables con los valores reportados en la literatura para las misma especies, pero en otras localidades, por lo que refl ejan una condición natural, indicando además que los niveles de Cd, Hg y Pb en los moluscos bivalvos se encuentran bajo los niveles de aceptación para productos de exportación. Se destaca además que en el casodel Pb, este se encuentra bajo los niveles de detección analíticas en todos los organismos, al igual que el Cd en el pez S. stellatus y el alga G. chilensis. Otra diferencia que resalta corresponde a la presencia de Fe en Rhodymenia sp. que presenta el mayor valor absoluto de todo el estudio

Global environmental changes: setting priorities for Latin American coastal habitats.

The definitive version is available at www.blackwell-synergy.comThe Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) reports that Global Environmental Changes (GEC) are occurring quicker than at any other time over the last 25 million years and impacting upon marine environments (Bellard et al., 2012). There is overwhelming evidence showing that GEC are affecting both the quality and quantity of the goods and services provided by a wide range of marine ecosystems. In order to discuss regional preparedness for global environmental changes, a workshop was held in Ilhabela, Brazil (22- 26 April 2012) entitled "Evaluating the Sensitivity of Central and South American Benthic Communities to Global Environmental Changes" that drew together scientists from ten Latin American and three European countries. © 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Diversity of clinical, radiographic and genealogical findings in 41 families with amelogenesis imperfecta

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a group of enamel development disorders that alter the structure and chemical composition of the tissue. There is great variability in the clinical presentation; according to Witkop, AI can be categorized into 14 subtypes, which makes its diagnosis extremely complex. Objective: This study aimed to describe and determine the frequency of clinical and radiographic features and inheritance patterns found in 41 Chilean families diagnosed with diverse types of AI. Material and Methods: We analyzed the clinical records, photographs, pedigrees and radiographs of 121 individuals recruited between 2003 and 2016. All of the information was included in a database that was analyzed using the application Stata 14. Results: The 72 affected individuals had average age of 16 years, and no sex association with the presence of AI was found. The most frequent clinical subtypes were as follows: 43% hypomature, 25% hypoplastic, 21% hypomature/hypoplastic, 7% hypocalcified and 4% hypocalcified/hypoplastic. The number of severely affected teeth was 22, which occurred in the patients with hypocalcified and hypocalcified/hypoplasic AI who presented the highest number of damaged teeth. Caries and periodontal disease were found in 47 and 32% of the patients, respectively. Malocclusions were observed in 43% of the individuals with AI, with open bite being the most frequent. Radiographically, the thickness of the enamel decreased in 51% of the patients, and 80% showed decreased radiopacity of the enamel compared to that of dentin. Autosomal dominant inheritance pattern was found in 37% of the families with hypoplastic AI, and autosomal recessive pattern was present in 56% of the other clinical subtypes, but more frequently in those affected with hypomature and hypocalcified AI. Conclusion: Of the five clinical subtypes, autosomal recessive hypomature, autosomal dominant hypoplastic and autosomal recessive hypomature/hypoplastic AI were the most prevalent subtypes in this group

Cyber security incident handling, warning and response system for the european critical information infrastructures (cyberSANE)

This paper aims to enhance the security and resilience of Critical Information Infrastructures (CIIs) by providing a dynamic collaborative, warning and response system (CyberSANE system) supporting and guiding security officers and operators (e.g. Incident Response professionals) to recognize, identify, dynamically analyse, forecast, treat and respond to their threats and risks and handle their daily cyber incidents. The proposed solution provides a first of a kind approach for handling cyber security incidents in the digital environments with highly interconnected, complex and diverse nature

Trends of maxillofacial trauma : an update from the prospective register of a multicenter study in emergency services of Chile

Determine the behavior of the maxillofacial trauma of adults treated in 3 tertiary care centers in the central zone of Chile. Descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study, based on the prospective records of maxillofacial trauma cases attended between May 2016 and April 2017 by dental and maxillofacial clinical teams of Adult Emergency Units of hospitals Dr. Sótero del Río (metropolitan region), Carlos Van Buren and Dr. Gustavo Fricke (region V). Age, sex, date of occurrence, type of trauma according to ICD-10, etiology, legal medical prognosis and associated injuries were recorded, stratifying by sex and age. Chi square and unpaired Wilcoxon tests were used to compare by groups. 2.485 cases and 3.285 injuries were investigated. The male: female ratio was 1.7: 1 with age under 30 predominant, followed by older adults. Variability was observed in the yearly, weekly and daily presentation. The highest frequencies were in January and September, weekends and at night. The main etiologies were violence (42.3%), falls (13.1%) and road traffic crashes (12.9%) with differences by age and sex (p<0.05). 31,9% of the injuries occurred in hard tissue, being fractures in nasal bones predominant (S02.2). The profile of the maxillofacial trauma in Chile seems to be mixed by age, affecting young people and the elderly. The male sex predominates; the main cause, which varies by age group, is violence. Their surveillance is possible from hospital emergency records

AN APPROACH TO THE GROWTH OF OOCYTES FROM PATIRIA-CHILENSIS

Volume: 51Start Page: 97End Page: 10

Challenges, collaborative interactions, and diagnosis performed by IT security practitioners : an empirical study

This thesis investigates four different aspects of information security management: challenges faced by security practitioners, interactive collaborations among security practitioners and other stakeholders, diagnostic work performed by security practitioners during the response to incidents, and factors that impact the adoption of an intrusion detection system in one organization. Our approach is based on qualitative analyzes of empirical data from semi-structured interviews and participatory observation. For each theme under study, the contributions of the qualitative analysis are twofold. First, we provide a richer understanding of the main factors that affect the security within organizations. Second, equipped with this richer understanding, we provide recommendations on how to improve security tools, along with opportunities for future research. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the human, organizational, and technological factors that affect security in organizations and the effectiveness of security tools. Our work also highlights the need for continued refinement of how factors interplay by obtaining more rich data (e.g., contextual inquiry), and the need to generalize and validate these findings through other sources of information to study how these factors interplay (e.g., surveys).Applied Science, Faculty ofElectrical and Computer Engineering, Department ofGraduat

Entradas de corta vida y subestimación de la competencia : evidencia en el sistema educacional chileno

Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en EconomíaCon la reforma educacional de 1981, el sistema educacional chileno adquiri o dos caracter sticas que lo distinguen dentro del mundo: una libre entrada y salida de establecimientos, y un subsidio estatal a la demanda educacional. Si bien la evidencia en calidad del sistema es mixta3, Grau, Hojman & Mizala (2017) encuentran que entre 2000 y 2012, existe una alta rotaci on de mercado, ya que a nivel nacional4, ingresan al sistema educacional 3.029 establecimientos, mientras en igual periodo, salen 1.651 establecimientos. Adicionalmente, los autores encuentran que esta alta rotaci on perjudica a los alumnos de los establecimientos que cierran, aumentando su probabilidad de repetir de curso en un 78 %, y aumentando entre un 46% y 62% la probabilidad de desertar del sistema educacional. Sobre esta alta rotaci on, es interesante preguntarse qu e tipos de establecimientos son los que est an entrando y saliendo del sistema. Al observar las entradas en la d ecada de 2000-2009, se encuentra que a nivel urbano, y excluyendo establecimientos parvularios, entraron 1770 establecimientos al sistema educacional. Sin embargo de estos 219 establecimientos, el 12.37% del total, cerraron antes de cumplir los 10 a~nos de vida, y tuvieron en promedio una vida de 3.5 a~nos. Dado lo anterior, es relevante plantearse las siguientes preguntas: >Qu e distingue a los establecimientos de corta vida de sus pares de larga vida? >C omo var a la capacidad de establecimientos que tiene un mercado, en funci on de aspectos demogr a cos y socioecon omicos? >Qu e puede estar generando esta alta cantidad de entradas de corta vida?. Esta tesis tiene por objetivo dar las primeras luces sobre estas interrogantes. En primer lugar, caracterizaremos a los establecimientos que entren y salgan del sistema en diez a~nos o menos, y los compararemos con sus pares que permanecen en el sistema al menos once a~nos. En segundo lugar, mediante un modelo de regresi on lineal, estimaremos la relaci on que tienen los aspectos demogr a cos y socioecon omicos, sobre la capacidad de establecimientos de cada mercado. En tercer lugar, mediante un modelo de racionalidad limitada, estimado mediante m axima verosimilitud simulada, veri caremos si existe una subestimaci on de la competencia por parte de los entrantes a los mercados educacionales, lo que podria, contribuir a un esquema de entradas cortas. En este ultimo punto, es relevante tener en consideraci on, que no detallaremos los mecanismos psicol ogicos, a trav es de los cuales, se lleva a cabo esta subestimaci on de la competencia