Three flavor oscillation analysis of atmospheric neutrinos in super-kamiokande

In this dissertation atmospheric neutrino data from the 50 kiloton water-Cherenkov detector, Super-Kamiokande, are studied in the context of neutrino oscillations. Data presented here are taken from the 1489-day SK-I and 803-day SK-II exposures. Super-Kamiokande's atmospheric neutrino sample exhibits a zenith angle dependent deficit of vmu interactions which is well explained by maximal two-flavor vmu double arrow vgamma oscillations. This analysis extends the two-flavor framework to include all active neutrino flavors and searches for sub-dominant oscillation effects in the oscillations of atmospheric neutrinos. If the last unknown mixing angle, theta13, is non-zero there is enhancement (suppression) of the vmu to ve three-flavor oscillation probability in matter for several GeV neutrinos with long baselines under the normal (inverted) mass hierarchy. At Super-Kamiokande this effect would manifest itself as an increase in the high energy ve event rate coming from below the detector. Searching the SK-I, SK-II and their combined data finds no evidence of a rate excess and yields a best fit to theta13 of zero assuming either hierarchy. This extended analysis remains consistent with the current knowledge of two-flavor atmospheric mixing finding best fit values sin2theta23 equals 0.5 and deltam2 equals 2.6x10minus3eV2. No preference for either the normal or inverted mass hierarchy is found in the data

Probiotic treatment with Kefir reduces vascular oxidative stress while suppressing COX2 mediated relaxation in intestinal arteries of an animal model of menopause

284-289Functional foods such as probiotics are known to have benefits in various diseases including metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease (CVD). In women, CVD has been shown to be linked with their gut microbiota and hormones. Here, we have evaluated the effects of chronic Kefir, a fermented milk beverage in Russia, Central Asia, Middle East and Eastern Europe, on mesenteric artery, using an animal model of menopause focusing on the superoxide anion and COX2 pathways. Two-month-old female Wistar rats were ovariectomized and treated by gavage with Kefir (5 % w/v, 3 mL/kg/day) or milk (Control) during two months. After this period, third-order mesenteric artery segments were isolated and mounted in a myograph system for evaluation of concentration-response curves to acetylcholine. We performed western blot analyses and measured oxidative stress through dihydroethidium (DHE) staining. Kefir reduced vascular oxidative stress, despite not changing SOD2 levels. COX2 levels were not changed by kefir, despite an apparent tendency towards reduction. However, in the functional experiments, under incubation with a COX2 inhibitor, a suppression of this pathway was observed in the kefir group, which suggests an interaction between inflammatory pathways and oxidative stress in this model. The effect of acute incubation with a superoxide anion scavenger on vascular responsiveness was equal in both groups. Kefir reduces vascular oxidative stress levels while suppressing COX2-mediated relaxation in mesenteric vessels in an animal model of menopause; which appears to involve an interplay between these two factors

Tau Neutrinos in the Next Decade: from GeV to EeV

International audienceTau neutrinos are the least studied particle in the Standard Model. This whitepaper discusses the current and expected upcoming status of tau neutrino physics with attention to the broad experimental and theoretical landscape spanning long-baseline, beam-dump, collider, and astrophysical experiments. This whitepaper was prepared as a part of the NuTau2021 Workshop

Tau Neutrinos in the Next Decade: from GeV to EeV

International audienceTau neutrinos are the least studied particle in the Standard Model. This whitepaper discusses the current and expected upcoming status of tau neutrino physics with attention to the broad experimental and theoretical landscape spanning long-baseline, beam-dump, collider, and astrophysical experiments. This whitepaper was prepared as a part of the NuTau2021 Workshop

Tau Neutrinos in the Next Decade: from GeV to EeV

International audienceTau neutrinos are the least studied particle in the Standard Model. This whitepaper discusses the current and expected upcoming status of tau neutrino physics with attention to the broad experimental and theoretical landscape spanning long-baseline, beam-dump, collider, and astrophysical experiments. This whitepaper was prepared as a part of the NuTau2021 Workshop

Tau Neutrinos in the Next Decade: from GeV to EeV

Tau neutrinos are the least studied particle in the Standard Model. This whitepaper discusses the current and expected upcoming status of tau neutrino physics with attention to the broad experimental and theoretical landscape spanning long-baseline, beam-dump, collider, and astrophysical experiments. This whitepaper was prepared as a part of the NuTau2021 Workshop