1,062 research outputs found
New physics searches at near detectors of neutrino oscillation experiments
We systematically investigate the prospects of testing new physics with tau
sensitive near detectors at neutrino oscillation facilities. For neutrino beams
from pion decay, from the decay of radiative ions, as well as from the decays
of muons in a storage ring at a neutrino factory, we discuss which effective
operators can lead to new physics effects. Furthermore, we discuss the present
bounds on such operators set by other experimental data currently available.
For operators with two leptons and two quarks we present the first complete
analysis including all relevant operators simultaneously and performing a
Markov Chain Monte Carlo fit to the data. We find that these effects can induce
tau neutrino appearance probabilities as large as O(10^{-4}), which are within
reach of forthcoming experiments. We highlight to which kind of new physics a
tau sensitive near detector would be most sensitive.Comment: 20 pages, 2 figures, REVTeX
Twenty Years of SUGRA
A brief review is given of the developments of mSUGRA and its extensions
since the formulation of these models in 1982. Future directions and prospects
are also discussed.Comment: Invited talk at the International Conference BEYOND-2003, Schloss
Ringberg, Germany, June 10-14, 2003; 21 pages, Late
Holography of AdS vacuum bubbles
We consider the fate of AdS vacua connected by tunneling events. A precise
holographic dual of thin-walled Coleman--de Luccia bounces is proposed in terms
of Fubini instantons in an unstable CFT. This proposal is backed by several
qualitative and quantitative checks, including the precise calculation of the
instanton action appearing in evaluating the decay rate. Big crunches manifest
themselves as time dependent processes which reach the boundary of field space
in a finite time. The infinite energy difference involved is identified on the
boundary and highlights the ill-defined nature of the bulk setup. We propose a
qualitative scenario in which the crunch is resolved by stabilizing the CFT, so
that all attempts at crunching always end up shielded from the boundary by the
formation of black hole horizons. In all these well defined bulk processes the
configurations have the same asymptotics and are finite energy excitations.Comment: version submitted to journal. Note added referring to previous work
on holographic instantons
Hidden charm and bottom molecular states
We investigate heavy quark symmetries for heavy light meson-antimeson systems in a contact-range effective field theory. In the SU(3) light flavor limit, the leading order Lagrangian respecting heavy quark spin symmetry contains four independent counter-terms. Neglecting 1/mQ corrections, three of these low energy constants can be determ1ined by theorizing a molecular description of the X(3872) and Zb(10610) states. Thus, we can predict new hadronic molecules, in particular the isovector charmonium partners of the Zb(10610) and the Zb(10650) states. We also discuss hadron molecules composed of a heavy meson and a doubly-heavy baryon, which would be related to the heavy meson-antimeson molecules thanks to the heavy antiquark-diquark symmetry. Finally, we also study the X(3872)→D0D¯0π0 decay, which is not only sensitive to the short distance part of the X(3872) molecular wave function, as the J/ψππ and J/ψ3π X(3872) decay modes are, but it is also affected by the long-distance structure of the resonance. Furthermore, this decay might provide some information on the interaction between the DD¯ charm mesons
CP violation Beyond the MSSM: Baryogenesis and Electric Dipole Moments
We study electroweak baryogenesis and electric dipole moments in the presence
of the two leading-order, non-renormalizable operators in the Higgs sector of
the MSSM. Significant qualitative and quantitative differences from MSSM
baryogenesis arise due to the presence of new CP-violating phases and to the
relaxation of constraints on the supersymmetric spectrum (in particular, both
stops can be light). We find: (1) spontaneous baryogenesis, driven by a change
in the phase of the Higgs vevs across the bubble wall, becomes possible; (2)
the top and stop CP-violating sources can become effective; (3) baryogenesis is
viable in larger parts of parameter space, alleviating the well-known
fine-tuning associated with MSSM baryogenesis. Nevertheless, electric dipole
moments should be measured if experimental sensitivities are improved by about
one order of magnitude.Comment: 33 pages, 6 figure
Charged-Lepton Flavour Physics
This writeup of a talk at the 2011 Lepton-Photon symposium in Mumbai, India,
summarises recent results in the charged-lepton flavour sector. I review
searches for charged-lepton flavour violation, lepton electric dipole moments
and flavour-conserving CP violation. I also discuss recent progress in
tau-lepton physics and in the Standard Model prediction of the muon anomalous
magnetic moment.Comment: Presented at Lepton-Photon 2011, Mumbai, India; 23 pages, 14 figure
Differential regulation of iron chelator-induced IL-8 synthesis via MAP kinase and NF-κB in immortalized and malignant oral keratinocytes
Abstract Background Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a cytokine that plays an important role in tumor progression in a variety of cancer types; however, its regulation is not well understood in oral cancer cells. In the present study, we examined the expression and mechanism of IL-8 in which it is involved by treating immortalized (IHOK) and malignant human oral keratinocytes (HN12) cells with deferoxamine (DFO). Methods IL-8 production was measured by an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays was used to determine NF-κB binding activity. Phosphorylation and degradation of the I-κB were analyized by Western blot. Results IHOK cells incubated with DFO showed increased expression of IL-8 mRNA, as well as higher release of the IL-8 protein. The up-regulation of DFO-induced IL-8 expression was higher in IHOK cells than in HN12 cells and was concentration-dependent. DFO acted additively with IL-1β to strongly up-regulate IL-8 in IHOK cells but not in HN12 cells. Accordingly, selective p38 and ERK1/2 inhibitors for both kinases abolished DFO-induced IL-8 expression in both IHOK and HN12 cells. Furthermore, DFO induced the degradation and phosphorylation of IκB, and activation of NF-κB. The IL-8 inducing effects of DFO were mediated by a nitric oxide donor (S-nitrosoglutathione), and by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, an inhibitor of NF-κB, as well as by wortmannin, which inhibits the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent activation of NAD(P)H oxidase. Conclusion This results demonstrate that DFO-induced IL-8 acts via multiple signaling pathways in immortalized and malignant oral keratinocytes, and that the control of IL-8 may be an important target for immunotheraphy against human oral premalignant lesions.</p
Hefty MSSM-like light Higgs in extended gauge models
It is well known that in the MSSM the lightest neutral Higgs h^0 must be, at
the tree level, lighter than the Z boson and that the loop corrections shift
this stringent upper bound up to about 130 GeV. Extending the MSSM gauge group
in a suitable way, the new Higgs sector dynamics can push the tree-level mass
of h^0 well above the tree-level MSSM limit if it couples to the new gauge
sector. This effect is further pronounced at the loop level and h^0 masses in
the 140 GeV ballpark can be reached easily. We exemplify this for a sample
setting with a low-scale U(1)_R x U(1)_B-L gauge symmetry in which neutrino
masses can be implemented via the inverse seesaw mechanism.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures; references added, typos corrected; published
versio
Dual Anti-OX40/IL-2 Therapy Augments Tumor Immunotherapy via IL-2R-Mediated Regulation of OX40 Expression
The provision of T cell co-stimulation via members of the TNFR super-family, including OX40 (CD134) and 4-1BB (CD137), provides critical signals that promote T cell survival and differentiation. Recent studies have demonstrated that ligation of OX40 can augment T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity in pre-clinical models and more importantly, OX40 agonists are under clinical development for cancer immunotherapy. OX40 is of particular interest as a therapeutic target as it is not expressed on naïve T cells but rather, is transiently up-regulated following TCR stimulation. Although TCR engagement is necessary for inducing OX40 expression, the downstream signals that regulate OX40 itself remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that OX40 expression is regulated through a TCR and common gamma chain cytokine-dependent signaling cascade that requires JAK3-mediated activation of the downstream transcription factors STAT3 and STAT5. Furthermore, combined treatment with an agonist anti-OX40 mAb and IL-2 augmented tumor immunotherapy against multiple tumor types. Dual therapy was also able to restore the function of anergic tumor-reactive CD8 T cells in mice with long-term well-established (>5 wks) tumors, leading to increased survival of the tumor-bearing hosts. Together, these data reveal the ability of TCR/common gamma chain cytokine signaling to regulate OX40 expression and demonstrate a novel means of augmenting cancer immunotherapy by providing dual anti-OX40/common gamma chain cytokine-directed therapy
Data privacy compliance benefits for organisations - a cyber-physical systems and Internet of Things study
The protection of people’s privacy is both a legal requirement and a key factor for doing business in many jurisdictions. Organisations thus have a legal obligation to get their privacy compliance in order as a matter of business importance. This applies not only to organisations’ day-to-day business operations, but also to the information technology systems they use, develop or deploy. However, privacy compliance, like any other legal compliance requirements, is often seen as an extra burden that is both unnecessary and costly. Such a view of compliance can result in negative consequences and lost opportunities for organisations. This paper seeks to position data privacy compliance as a value proposition for organisations by focusing on the benefits that can be derived from data privacy compliance as it applies to a particular subset of information technology systems, namely cyber-physical systems and Internet of Things technologies. A baseline list of data privacy compliance benefits, contextualised for CPSs and IoT with the South African legal landscape is proposed.http://www.springer.comseries/7899hj2021Informatic
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