MAGICC haloes: confronting simulations with observations of the circumgalactic medium at z=0

We explore the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of two simulated star-forming galaxies with luminosities L ~ 0.1 and 1 L* generated using the smooth particle hydrodynamic code GASOLINE. These simulations are part of the Making Galaxies In a Cosmological Context (MAGICC) program in which the stellar feedback is tuned to match the stellar mass-halo mass relationship. For comparison, each galaxy was also simulated using a 'lower feedback' (LF) model which has strength comparable to other implementations in the literature. The 'MAGICC feedback' (MF) model has a higher incidence of massive stars and an approximately two times higher energy input per supernova. Apart from the low-mass halo using LF, each galaxy exhibits a metal-enriched CGM that extends to approximately the virial radius. A significant fraction of this gas has been heated in supernova explosions in the disc and subsequently ejected into the CGM where it is predicted to give rise to substantial O VI absorption. The simulations do not yet address the question of what happens to the O VI when the galaxies stop forming stars. Our models also predict a reservoir of cool H I clouds that show strong Ly\alpha absorption to several hundred kpc. Comparing these models to recent surveys with the Hubble Space Telescope, we find that only the MF models have sufficient O VI and H I gas in the CGM to reproduce the observed distributions. In separate analyses, these same MF models also show better agreement with other galaxy observables (e.g. rotation curves, surface brightness profiles and H I gas distribution). We infer that the CGM is the dominant reservoir of baryons for galaxy haloes.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, submitted MNRAS, comments welcom

Estigma de peso corporal em universitários da área da saúde: um estudo do tipo vinheta

Studies show a high prevalence of body weight prejudice and discrimination, even among health professionals. However, little is known about weight stigma among undergraduate students in the health area. The present study assessed weight stigma among healthcare undergraduate students. A vignette study was carried out with 213 undergraduate students, who filled measures of: sociodemographic data, weight stigma (Antifat Attitudes Test) and one of three vignettes at random, each one with a hypothetical patient which differs only in terms of body weight (underweight, normal weight and overweight). Then, participants answered a set of 10 questions/statements about patient characteristics described in the vignette, in order to assess the effect of body weight on stigmatizing beliefs. Weight stigma was found in 39.44% of health care undergraduate students. Moreover, weight stigma was higher among men, people classified as normal weight, and Physical Therapy students. This experimental study, using vignettes, showed more negative attitudes in participants exposed to the overweight and underweight patient vignettes compared to those exposed to the normal weight patient vignette. We found negative attitudes towards general health status, quality of eating habits, level of physical activity, general quality of life, how well the patient takes care of themselves, level of self-esteem, health management, level of body satisfaction, and level of awareness with the current health status.Estudos verificam uma alta prevalência de preconceito e discriminação em relação ao peso corporal, até mesmo em profissionais de saúde. Contudo, pouco se sabe sobre o estigma de peso em estudantes da área de Saúde. O presente estudo avaliou o estigma de peso corporal em universitários da área da saúde. Estudo do tipo vinheta foi realizado com 213 jovens universitários, que responderam aos seguintes questionários: sociodemográfico, instrumento de avaliação de estigma de peso (Antifat Attitudes Test) e uma de três vinhetas de forma aleatória, cada qual apresentando um paciente hipotético que se diferem somente quanto ao peso corporal (baixo peso, peso normal e excesso de peso). Na sequência responderam a um conjunto de 10 perguntas/afirmativas sobre características do paciente descritas na vinheta, com a finalidade de avaliar o efeito do peso corporal sobre as crenças estigmatizantes. Os resultados do presente estudo identificaram estigma de peso em 39,44% dos estudantes da área de saúde. De modo geral o estigma de peso foi maior em homens, pessoas classificadas com peso normal e estudantes de Fisioterapia. Abordagem experimental, por meio de vinhetas, demonstrou atitudes mais negativas em leitores expostos às vinhetas de paciente com excesso de peso e baixo peso em relação aos leitores de vinheta de paciente de peso normal. Foram observadas atitudes negativas em relação ao estado de saúde geral, qualidade dos hábitos alimentares, nível de atividade física, qualidade de vida geral, quão bem o paciente cuida de si, nível de autoestima, gerenciamento da saúde, nível de satisfação com o corpo e nível de consciência com o quadro de saúde atual