67 research outputs found
Not every edible orange milkcap is Lactarius deliciosus: first record of Lactarius quieticolor (sect. Deliciosi) from Brazil
The natural distribution of species of Lactarius sect. Deliciosi is mainly in the northern hemisphere, where they grow in ectomycor-rhizal symbiosis mainly with conifers. Several species in this sec-tion are regionally well known and appreciated due to their culinary use. In South America, there is limited knowledge of their presence and harvesting, while their culinary value remains underexploited. Recently, field campaigns in pine plantations in southern Brazil revealed wide presence of Lactarius sect. Deliciosi species. Morpho-logical and molecular identification approaches confirmed that all Brazilian collections correspond to one European species, Lactarius quieticolor. Fruiting bodies occurred in plantations of Pinus taeda and/or P. elliottii, on acidic soils, and under humid climate with mild to hot summers. A review of edibility and organoleptic properties confirmed both L. quieticolor and its commonly misapplied name, L. deliciosus, in South America as edible and of high quality. Several other L. sect. Deliciosi species are less appreciated or with unknown palatability. Due to low potential for long-distance dispersal, an ecto-mycorrhizal partner switch from European to North American pine species is proposed, which may have happened in South America for both allochthonous symbiotic partners. There is still a possibility that other combinations were established, including combinations with less valuable species from L. sect. Deliciosi
Taxonomic studies of Amanita muscaria (L.) Lam (Amanitaceae, Agaricomycetes) and its infraspecific taxa in Brazil
Desafíos políticos de los países de inmigración
13 págs.-- Publicado en "Confluencia XXI. Revista de Pensamiento Político" (México), nº 3 (Oct-Dic 2008) bajo el título monográfico "Migrantes: ¿Por qué se van? ¿Por qué se quedan?".Las migraciones, una práctica tan antigua como la propia condición humana, se han
convertido en un factor estructural de primer orden, en uno de los macrofenómenos
más definitorios de nuestra época y en un complejo reto para las sociedades
contemporáneas. En prácticamente todos los países del mundo, todo lo que concierne a este complejo fenómeno ocupa un lugar
destacado en la agenda política. La gestión, el control y la integración de los movimientos internacionales de personas se presentan como un policy field de creciente y prioritaria relevancia. No se trata, sin embargo, de una cuestión de mera moda: el
número de países implicados de manera significativa en las migraciones internacionales ha aumentado considerablemente, hasta el punto de que resulta realmente difícil encontrar algún
Estado que no sea bien un país de inmigración, bien un país de emigración
o bien ambas cosas a la vez, cuando no al menos un país de tránsito. No ha de extrañar
entonces que la mayoría de los gobiernos haya tomado conciencia de la necesidad
de ofrecer una respuesta en términos legales e institucionales a un fenómeno
de carácter permanente que puede llegar a alterar la estructura demográfica, social,
cultural, económica y laboral de un país. Dada la complejidad de la cuestión, y por cuestiones de economía argumentativa, aquí se abordará de manera fundamental desde la perspectiva de los países receptores, que, por lo demás, es también la adoptada en forma habitual por los países europeos que registran mayor inmigración. Sin embargo,
el fenómeno migratorio es fundamentalmente transnacional y tiene fehacientes
repercusiones en los países de emigración.Peer reviewe
Agaricales em áreas de Floresta Ombrófila Densa e plantações de Pinus no Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil
Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa
This article provides an outline of the classification of the kingdom Fungi (including fossil fungi. i.e. dispersed spores, mycelia, sporophores, mycorrhizas). We treat 19 phyla of fungi. These are Aphelidiomycota, Ascomycota, Basidiobolomycota, Basidiomycota, Blastocladiomycota, Calcarisporiellomycota, Caulochytriomycota, Chytridiomycota, Entomophthoromycota, Entorrhizomycota, Glomeromycota, Kickxellomycota, Monoblepharomycota, Mortierellomycota, Mucoromycota, Neocallimastigomycota, Olpidiomycota, Rozellomycota and Zoopagomycota. The placement of all fungal genera is provided at the class-, order- and family-level. The described number of species per genus is also given. Notes are provided of taxa for which recent changes or disagreements have been presented. Fungus-like taxa that were traditionally treated as fungi are also incorporated in this outline (i.e. Eumycetozoa, Dictyosteliomycetes, Ceratiomyxomycetes and Myxomycetes). Four new taxa are introduced: Amblyosporida ord. nov. Neopereziida ord. nov. and Ovavesiculida ord. nov. in Rozellomycota, and Protosporangiaceae fam. nov. in Dictyosteliomycetes. Two different classifications (in outline section and in discussion) are provided for Glomeromycota and Leotiomycetes based on recent studies. The phylogenetic reconstruction of a four-gene dataset (18S and 28S rRNA, RPB1, RPB2) of 433 taxa is presented, including all currently described orders of fungi
Agaricaceae Fr. (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from areas of Atlantic Forest in Pernambuco, Brazil
Time-dependent surface reactivity of Cd sorbed on calcite, hydroxylapatite and humic acid
Ultrastructural features of eosinophilic oesophagitis: impact of treatment on desmosomes
Aims—A growing body of evidence suggests a role for altered epithelial barrier function in the
pathophysiology of eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE), but few have described the epithelial
structure during inflammation. The purpose of this study was to define ultrastructural features of
active, inactive EoE and control subject’s oesophageal epithelia.
Methods—We prospectively enrolled patients undergoing diagnostic upper endoscopy for
evaluation of EoE. Mucosal pinch biopsies were obtained from the distal oesophagus and
processed for routine histology and electron microscopic assessment. Clinical features of enrolled
subjects were analysed and subjects were divided into four groups: normal, gastroesophageal
reflux disease (GERD), inactive EoE and active EoE. Representative photomicrographs of the
basal and superficial epithelia were reviewed for abnormalities. Desmosomes were quantified on
the surface of epithelia three to four prickle-cell layers above the basal layer. Results—Twenty-nine paediatric cases (ages 2–18 years) were enrolled in the study. We
observed a significant decrease in the number of desmosomes per cell (DPC) of subjects with
active EoE compared with inactive EoE, GERD and normal epithelia. With respect to DPC, no
significant differences were found between inactive EoE compared with GERD or normal
subjects. Additional ultrastructural features observed included epithelial microplicae and evidence
of eosinophil transmigration, degranulation, and sombrero formation.
Conclusions—Consistent with clinical and molecular findings, our ultrastructural data provide
support for an altered oesophageal barrier in paediatric cases with active EoE, which may improve
following treatmen
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