The production of hydrolysates from industrially defatted rice bran and its surface image changes during extraction

BACKGROUND This research employed mild-subcritical alkaline water extraction (SAW) technique to overcome the difficulty of active compounds extractability from an industrially defatted rice bran (IDRB). Mild-SAW (pH 9.5, 130 °C, 120 min) treatment, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis (Protease G6) were applied to produce rice bran hydrolysate (RBH). Response surface methodology was used to identify proteolysis conditions for maximizing protein content and ABTS radical scavenging activity (ABTS-RSA). The microstructural changes during the extraction occurring in the IDRB were monitored. The selected RBH was characterised for protein recovery, yield, antioxidant activities, phenolic profile and hydroxymethylfufural (HMF) content. RESULTS Optimal proteolysis conditions were at 20 mL kg-1 IDRB (E/S) for 6 h. Under these conditions, the yield, ABTS-RSA, Ferric reducing antioxidant power and the total phenolic content of the RBH were 46.1%, 294.22 μmol trolox g-1, 57.72 μmol FeSO4 g-1, and 22.73 mg gallic acid g-1, respectively, with relatively low HMF level (0.21 mg g-1). The protein recovery was 4.8 times greater than the recovery obtained by conventional alkaline extraction. Its major phenolic compounds were p-coumaric and ferulic acids. The microstructural changes of IDRB confirmed that the mild-SAW/Protease G6 process enhanced the release of active compounds. CONCLUSION The process of mild-SAW followed by proteolysis promotes the release of active compounds from IDRB

The effect of night splints in the treatment of plantar fasciitis: a systematic literature review

Objective: To investigate the use of night splints for the treatment of plantar fasciitis and the current evidence regarding their ability to affect symptoms associated with plantar fasciitis.https://jdc.jefferson.edu/dptcapstones/1009/thumbnail.jp

Improving properties of thermoplastic starch films by incorporating active extracts and cellulose fibres isolated from rice or coffee husk

[EN] Hydrothermal (60 min, 180 degrees C) extracts and cellulose fibres from coffee and rice husks were obtained to be incorporated into corn starch films, in order to improve the film functional properties as food packaging material and confer them active properties. Extracts exhibited antioxidant properties (EC50: 5.37-5.29 mg extract solids/ mg DPPH) and antibacterial activity against Listeria innocua and Escheriquia coil (MIC values: 35-45 and 34-35 mg extract solids/mL, respectively). The active extracts improved tensile properties of the starch films; elastic modulus increased by about 350% and films become less stretchable. The cellulosic fibres from both residues were more effective as reinforcing agents in films containing extract solids than in net starch films. Extracts also provoked 30% reduction in the WVP of starch films and 50-85 % reduction in the oxygen permeability, depending on their amount in the films, but no effect of cellulose fibres was observed on barrier properties.The authors thank the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Spain) for the financial support provided through Project AGL2016-76699-R. The authors wish to thank Professor Yineth Pineros-Castro PhD from Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano (Bogota, Colombia) and Professor Misael Cortes PhD from Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Medellin, Colombia) for their assistance in the extraction process and spray drying. Authors also thank the Electron Microscopy Service of the UPV for their technical assistance.Collazo-Bigliardi, S.; Ortega-Toro, R.; Chiralt Boix, MA. (2019). Improving properties of thermoplastic starch films by incorporating active extracts and cellulose fibres isolated from rice or coffee husk. Food Packaging and Shelf Life. 22:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpsl.2019.100383S1102

Poised and Prepared: Lillian Wald and the Henry Street Settlement Visiting Nurses\u27 Response to the 1918 Influenza Pandemic in New York City

The COVID-19 pandemic brings to light surprising similarities to the 1918 influenza pandemic, one of the deadliest outbreaks in United States history. Over 100 years later, the United States is faced with a novel virus causing a worldwide pandemic although our care is hindered by a lack of knowledge and clinical resources available to serve our communities (Vessey & Betz, 2020). Today, as in 1918, skilled nursing services are essential if we are to decrease morbidity and mortality within and outside our health systems. As we examine the COVID-19 pandemic, the insufficient numbers of public health nurses available today lend itself to the following question: How did the leadership of Lillian Wald and the work of the visiting nurses at the Henry Street Settlement address the needs of the community in New York City during the 1918 pandemic? This case study examined Lillian Wald\u27s and the Henry Street Settlement Visiting Nurse’s response in New York City to the 1918 influenza pandemic. The project spans the years from 1893 through the second wave of the influenza pandemic, from September through December of 1918. A historical social framework was used. Historical methods were used for data collection, interpretation of sources, immersion of the materials, and the development of chronological themes. Primary sources included archived materials including the Lillian Wald Papers in the New York City Public Library; Pocket Knowledge from Teacher’s College, Columbia University; Lillian Wald Papers in the Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University; records of the National Organization of Public Health Nurses located at the Rockefeller Archive Center in Pocantico, NY; as well as newspapers, books, journals, and other archived documents. Results of the study indicated that Wald’s leadership and the Henry Street Settlement Visiting Nurse Service were valued by demonstrating practices in epidemiology, infection control, disease management, preventive education, and home visiting that prepared for an effective nursing response. Lessons learned can guide leadership in areas of population health and management, disease prevention, and infection control, all necessary interventions during a pandemic and in familiar practices of public health nursing

Home-based preparation approaches altered the availability of health beneficial components from carrot and blueberry

This study investigated the effects of different home food preparation methods on availability of total phenolic contents (TPC) and radical scavenging components, as well as the selected health beneficial compounds from fresh blueberry and carrot. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed that ground carrots using blenders released significantly greater amount of β‐carotene than their chopped counterpart, and blueberry samples prepared with different commercial blenders/grinders released different levels of cyaniding‐3‐O‐glucoside and malvidin‐3‐O‐glucoside. Furthermore, microwaving was able to significantly alter the releasable amounts of cyaniding‐3‐O‐glucoside and malvidin‐3‐O‐glucoside from blueberries. In addition, carrots and blueberries processed using different blenders and chopping with or without microwaving differed in their available levels of TPC, and radical scavenging components against DPPH•, oxygen radicals and HO•, as well as their potential anti‐inflammatory activities. Taking together, these results indicated that home food preparation approaches may alter the availability of health components from carrots and blueberries. The results also suggested that the influence may depend on the fruit and vegetable type, but not the price of blenders/grinders