A 1.0 μm Cylindrical Vector Beam Fiber Ring Laser Based on A Mode Selective Coupler

We propose and demonstrate a continuous-wave all-fiber ring laser generating cylindrical vector beams (CVBs) using a MSC as transverse mode converter and mode splitter. The MSC is fabricated by a novel method free of pre-tapering, achieving LP11 mode with a high purity of > 96% near the wavelength of 1064 nm. The CVB fiber laser operates at a center wavelength of 1053.9 nm, with a 3 dB linewidth of less than 0.04 nm and a signal-to-background ratio of > 60 dB. The laser slope efficiency is > 9%. The radially and azimuthally polarized beams can be switched by adjusting the polarization controllers in the fiber ring cavity, with a high mode purity measured to be > 96%

Complex responses of spring vegetation growth to climate in a moisture-limited alpine meadow.

Since 2000, the phenology has advanced in some years and at some locations on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, whereas it has been delayed in others. To understand the variations in spring vegetation growth in response to climate, we conducted both regional and experimental studies on the central Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. We used the normalized difference vegetation index to identify correlations between climate and phenological greening, and found that greening correlated negatively with winter-spring time precipitation, but not with temperature. We used open top chambers to induce warming in an alpine meadow ecosystem from 2012 to 2014. Our results showed that in the early growing season, plant growth (represented by the net ecosystem CO2 exchange, NEE) was lower in the warmed plots than in the control plots. Late-season plant growth increased with warming relative to that under control conditions. These data suggest that the response of plant growth to warming is complex and non-intuitive in this system. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that moisture limitation increases in early spring as temperature increases. The effects of moisture limitation on plant growth with increasing temperatures will have important ramifications for grazers in this system

5-Fluoro-1-(4-meth­oxy­benz­yl)indoline-2,3-dione

In the title compound, C16H12FNO3, the dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the plane of the indole ring system is 71.60 (6)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules stack along the b axis through π–π inter­actions between the adjacent indole-2,3-dione units with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.649 (3) Å. Inter­molecular C—H⋯O=C and C—H⋯π inter­actions further stabilize the structure, forming a three-dimensional framework

2-(5-Fluoro-2,3-dioxoindolin-1-yl)ethyl 4-methyl­piperazine-1-carbodithio­ate

In the title compound, C16H18FN3O2S2, the methyl­piperazine ring adopts a chair conformation, while the (2,3-dioxoindolin-1-yl)ethyl unit is linked to one of the N atoms of the piperazine ring via the carbodithio­ate group. In the crystal, each mol­ecule is linked to its neighbors within the (03) plane through weak C—H(methyl­ene)⋯O, C—H(ar­yl)⋯O and C—H(methyl­ene)⋯S inter­actions. Perpendicular to this plane mol­ecules are connected through inter­molecular short N⋯π(pyrrole ring) contacts [N⋯C centroid = 3.232 (2) Å], another set of C—H(methyl­ene)⋯O inter­actions and through short contacts between carbodithio­ate S atoms and the pyrrole rings [C⋯centroid = 3.695 (3), S⋯centroid = 3.403 (2) Å]

Teaching Research and Reform of Higher Vocational Medical Education in Guizhou Province of China

With the development of Guizhou’s economy and society, higher vocational medical education in Guizhou has developed rapidly, making it its mission to cultivate practical and skilled talents oriented to the grassroots and serving for frontline. However, due to the social environment, policy environment and insufficient funding, many difficulties and problems are faced. It is necessary to have a unied management throughout the province, rationally lay out higher vocational colleges and specialties, and promote the healthy and rapid development of medical higher vocational education in Guizhou with advanced concepts, proper policies, and sufcient funds in place, making higher vocational medical education in Guizhou enter a benign development period

TORE: Token Reduction for Efficient Human Mesh Recovery with Transformer

In this paper, we introduce a set of effective TOken REduction (TORE) strategies for Transformer-based Human Mesh Recovery from monocular images. Current SOTA performance is achieved by Transformer-based structures. However, they suffer from high model complexity and computation cost caused by redundant tokens. We propose token reduction strategies based on two important aspects, i.e., the 3D geometry structure and 2D image feature, where we hierarchically recover the mesh geometry with priors from body structure and conduct token clustering to pass fewer but more discriminative image feature tokens to the Transformer. As a result, our method vastly reduces the number of tokens involved in high-complexity interactions in the Transformer, achieving competitive accuracy of shape recovery at a significantly reduced computational cost. We conduct extensive experiments across a wide range of benchmarks to validate the proposed method and further demonstrate the generalizability of our method on hand mesh recovery. Our code will be publicly available once the paper is published

Phase Control on Surface for the Stabilization of High Energy Cathode Materials of Lithium Ion Batteries.

The development of high energy electrode materials for lithium ion batteries is challenged by their inherent instabilities, which become more aggravated as the energy densities continue to climb, accordingly causing increasing concerns on battery safety and reliability. Here, taking the high voltage cathode of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 as an example, we demonstrate a protocol to stabilize this cathode through a systematic phase modulating on its particle surface. We are able to transfer the spinel surface into a 30 nm shell composed of two functional phases including a rock-salt one and a layered one. The former is electrochemically inert for surface stabilization while the latter is designated to provide necessary electrochemical activity. The precise synthesis control enables us to tune the ratio of these two phases, and achieve an optimized balance between improved stability against structural degradation without sacrificing its capacity. This study highlights the critical importance of well-tailored surface phase property for the cathode stabilization of high energy lithium ion batteries

Allele Size Miscalling due to the Pull-Up Effect Influencing Size Standard Calibration in Capillary Electrophoresis: A Case Study Using HEX Fluorescent Dye in Microsatellites

Microsatellites are important genetic markers and have been broadly employed in many genetic studies. Currently, polymorphisms in microsatellites are often detected by an automated system of capillary electrophoresis with fluorescent dyes. In this situation, different dye combinations may cause pull-up/bleed-through problems, which introduce noise signals from one dye channel into another, causing genotyping errors. Here, we report the detection of such a problem at two microsatellite loci that used the HEX dye. Using three datasets, we tested for noise effects in four allele-scoring programmes: Genemapper, Genemarker, Gelquest and Fragman. We found that, because some allele sizes were identical or close to the size of one of the internal size standards, all four programmes gave allele size calling errors due to wrongly identifying pull-up signals as the internal size standard. In addition, because allele miscalling in this study was caused by the fluorescent dye that the microsatellites used introducing noise of the same colour as the internal size standard used, the pull-up correction function in Genemapper, Genemarker and Fragman failed to deal with this. Considering that pull-up peak scoring errors can occur with any dye colour, the phenomenon is not limited to the current HEX dye. Using different software and visual scoring of each result will allow accurate sizing of microsatellite alleles