2,733 research outputs found
Development of biaxial test fixture includes cryogenic application
Test fixture has the capability of producing biaxial stress fields in test specimens to the point of failure. It determines biaxial stress by dividing the applied load by the net cross section. With modification it can evaluate materials, design concepts, and production hardware at cryogenic temperatures
Independent Expert Scientific Panel â Report on Unconventional Oil and Gas
No abstract available
Gravity Drip Irrigation System
A gravity-fed, drip irrigation system prototype has been developed for use in raised garden beds and other small-scale crop irrigation applications. The original developer of the prototype and sponsor of the project, Tina Creel, is seeking to refine it into a functional consumer product through the implementation of technical engineering and standard manufacturing processes. The scope of the project includes the tank support system and supply of water to the sponsors current piping subsystem. It does not include any modifications to the bed, piping system or water tank itself. The target specifications of the system include its load capacity, dimensions, susceptibility to leakage, durability, and assembly time. Numerous potential design concepts were ideated and compared so that a design direction could be established. This document serves as a complete outline of the project and includes the initial design/research proceedings, concept design process, explanation of the chosen design, and the manufacturing process as well as the testing results for the prototype design
Gravity, Two Times, Tractors, Weyl Invariance and Six Dimensional Quantum Mechanics
Fefferman and Graham showed some time ago that four dimensional conformal
geometries could be analyzed in terms of six dimensional, ambient, Riemannian
geometries admitting a closed homothety. Recently it was shown how conformal
geometry provides a description of physics manifestly invariant under local
choices of unit systems. Strikingly, Einstein's equations are then equivalent
to the existence of a parallel scale tractor (a six component vector subject to
a certain first order covariant constancy condition at every point in four
dimensional spacetime). These results suggest a six dimensional description of
four dimensional physics, a viewpoint promulgated by the two times physics
program of Bars. The Fefferman--Graham construction relies on a triplet of
operators corresponding, respectively to a curved six dimensional light cone,
the dilation generator and the Laplacian. These form an sp(2) algebra which
Bars employs as a first class algebra of constraints in a six-dimensional gauge
theory. In this article four dimensional gravity is recast in terms of six
dimensional quantum mechanics by melding the two times and tractor approaches.
This "parent" formulation of gravity is built from an infinite set of six
dimensional fields. Successively integrating out these fields yields various
novel descriptions of gravity including a new four dimensional one built from a
scalar doublet, a tractor vector multiplet and a conformal class of metrics.Comment: 27 pages, LaTe
Ab-initio GMR and current-induced torques in Au/Cr multilayers
We report on an {\em ab-initio} study of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) and
current-induced-torques (CITs) in Cr/Au multilayers that is based on
non-equilibrium Green's functions and spin density functional theory. We find
substantial GMR due primarily to a spin-dependent resonance centered at the
Cr/Au interface and predict that the CITs are strong enough to switch the
antiferromagnetic order parameter at current-densities times smaller
than typical ferromagnetic metal circuit switching densities.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure
A three-season comparison of match performances among selected and unselected elite youth rugby league players
This is an author's accepted manuscript of an article published in Journal of Sports Sciences, 28 February 2014, available online: http:www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/02640414.2014.889838This study compared technical actions, movements, heart rates and perceptual responses of selected and unselected youth rugby league players during matches (under-15 to under-17). The playersâ movements and heart rates were assessed using 5 Hz Global Positioning Systems (GPS), while their technical actions were analysed using video analysis. The maturity of each player was predicted before each season for statistical control. There were no differences (P > 0.05) between selected and unselected players in the under-15 or the under-17 age groups for any variables. However, in the under-16 group, the selected players (57.1 ± 11.9 min) played for longer than the unselected players (44.1 ± 12.3 min; P = 0.017; ES = 1.08 ± CI = 0.87), and covered more distance (5,181.0 ± 1063.5 m cf. 3942.6 ± 1,108.6m, respectively; P = 0.012; ES = 1.14 ± CI = 0.88) and high intensity distance (1,808.8 ± 369.3 m cf. 1,380.5 ± 367.7 m, respectively; P = 0.011; ES = 1.16 ± CI = 0.88). Although successful carries per minute was higher in the selected under-15 group, there were no other differences (P > 0.05) in match performance relative to playing minutes between groups. Controlling for maturity, the less mature, unselected players from the under-16 group performed more high-intensity running (P < 0.05). Our findings question the use of match- related measurements in differentiating between selected and unselected players, showing that later maturing players were unselected, even when performing greater high-intensity running during matches
Higher Spin Gravitational Couplings and the Yang--Mills Detour Complex
Gravitational interactions of higher spin fields are generically plagued by
inconsistencies. We present a simple framework that couples higher spins to a
broad class of gravitational backgrounds (including Ricci flat and Einstein)
consistently at the classical level. The model is the simplest example of a
Yang--Mills detour complex, which recently has been applied in the mathematical
setting of conformal geometry. An analysis of asymptotic scattering states
about the trivial field theory vacuum in the simplest version of the theory
yields a rich spectrum marred by negative norm excitations. The result is a
theory of a physical massless graviton, scalar field, and massive vector along
with a degenerate pair of zero norm photon excitations. Coherent states of the
unstable sector of the model do have positive norms, but their evolution is no
longer unitary and their amplitudes grow with time. The model is of
considerable interest for braneworld scenarios and ghost condensation models,
and invariant theory.Comment: 19 pages LaTe
Umbrella review and metaâanalysis of antiplatelet therapy for peripheral artery disease
Background
The literature on antiplatelet therapy for peripheral artery disease has historically been summarized inconsistently, leading to conflict between international guidelines. An umbrella review and metaâanalysis was performed to summarize the literature, allow assessment of competing safety risks and clinical benefits, and identify weak areas for future research.
Methods
MEDLINE, Embase, DARE, PROSPERO and Cochrane databases were searched from inception until January 2019. All metaâanalyses of antiplatelet therapy in peripheral artery disease were included. Quality was assessed using AMSTAR scores, and GRADE analysis was used to quantify the strength of evidence. Data were pooled using randomâeffects models.
Results
Twentyâeight metaâanalyses were included. Thirtyâthree clinical outcomes and 41 antiplatelet comparisons in 72â181 patients were analysed. Highâquality evidence showed that antiplatelet monotherapy reduced nonâfatal strokes (3 (95 per cent c.i. 0 to 6) fewer per 1000 patients), In symptomatic patients, it reduced cardiovascular deaths (8 (0 to 16) fewer per 1000 patients), but increased the risk of major bleeding (7 (3 to 14) more events per 1000). In asymptomatic patients, monotherapy reduced nonâfatal strokes (5 (0 to 8) fewer per 1000), but had no other clinical benefit. Dual antiplatelet therapy caused more major bleeding after intervention than monotherapy (37 (8 to 102) more events per 1000), with very lowâquality evidence of improved endovascular patency (risk ratio 4·00, 95 per cent c.i. 0·91 to 17·68).
Conclusion
Antiplatelet monotherapy has minimal clinical benefit for asymptomatic peripheral artery disease, and limited benefit for symptomatic disease, with a clear risk of major bleeding. There is a lack of evidence to guide antiplatelet prescribing after peripheral endovascular intervention
Plural Views, Common Purpose:On How to Address Moral Failure by International Political Organisations
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