Validation of real-time ultrasound technology for predicting fat thicknesses and ribeye areas of Brangus bulls from four months to two years of age

Sixty Brangus bulls were evaluated live with two real-time ultrasound instruments to estimate ribeye area (REA) and 12th rib fat thickness (FT) every 4 mo beginning at 4 mo and 12 mo of age, respectively, and continuing until 24 mo of age. At each evaluation period 10 bulls were slaughtered to determine actual REA and FT. Scanned mean FT was accurate (P<.05) at 16 mo and was not different (P=.09) from the actual mean FT. Scanned mean REA was accurate (P<.05) at 12 mo. Absolute differences between scanned and actual mean FT and REA were different (P<.05) from zero for all main effects. Increased level of operator (scanner) skill did not improve accuracy of FT or REA measurements, whereas increased level of interpreter (reader) skill improved accuracy of REA measurements. There was no difference (P>.05) between the two ultrasound units in accuracy of estimating FT or REA. Scanned measurements overestimated bulls with less than .20 in FT and greater than 13.6 in2 REA and underestimated bulls with more than .40 in. FT and less than 12.0 in2 REA. We conclude that REA scanned at 12 mo and FT at 12 or 16 mo were sufficiently accurate to characterize groups of young bulls; however, individual scans were inaccurate. Scanning at other months was not accurate for either individuals or groups of young bulls

Consumer evaluation of retail hams from different production processes

Consumers evaluated hams from the four minimum protein-fat-free categories labeled 1) ham (H), 2) ham with natural juices (HNJ), 3) ham-water added (HWA) and 4) ham and water product (HWP) for juiciness, flavor, and overall acceptability. Shear force and cooking loss data were also obtained. The HNJ product was rated higher for flavor and overall acceptability, whereas the Hand HWP were found to be the least desirable. The HWP was rated the most juicy; the H product was scored the least juicy. Peak shear force was lower for the HWP than for the other ham types; however, all hams were acceptably tender. The HWA and HWP had the least amount of cooking loss

Estimativas de correlações genéticas entre escores visuais e características de carcaça medidas por ultrassonografia em bovinos Nelore utilizando modelos bayesianos linear-limiar Genetic correlation estimates between visual scores and carcass traits measured by ultrasound in Nelore cattle using linear-threshold bayesian models

O objetivo neste estudo foi estimar as correlações genéticas entre escores visuais e características de carcaça medidas por ultrassonografia em bovinos da raça Nelore utilizando a estatística bayesiana por meio da Amostragem de Gibbs, sob modelo animal linear-limiar. Foram estudadas as características categóricas morfológicas de musculosidade, estrutura física, conformação e sacro, avaliadas aos 15 e 22 meses de idade. Para as características de carcaça, foram avaliadas as características área de olho-de-lombo, espessura de gordura subcutânea, espessura de gordura subcutânea na garupa e altura na garupa. Os escores visuais devem ser empregados como critérios de seleção para aumentar o progresso genético para a característica área de olhode-lombo e, consequentemente, melhorar o rendimento de carcaça. As estimativas de correlação genética obtidas para musculosidade com espessura de gordura subcutânea e espessura de gordura subcutânea na garupa indicaram que a seleção para musculosidade pode levar a animais com melhor acabamento de carcaça. A seleção para a estrutura física e conformação aos 15 e 22 meses de idade pode promover resposta correlacionada para o aumento da altura na garupa.<br>The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic correlations between visual scores and the carcass traits measured by ultrasound, in Nellore breed cattle, using the bayesian statistics by Gibbs Sampling, in the linear-threshold model. The morphological categorical traits of musculature, physical structure, conformation and sacrum were studied, evaluated at 15 and 22 months. The carcass traits of the longissimus muscle area, backfat thickness, rump fat thickness and hip height were evaluated. Visual scores should be used as selection criterion to increase genetic progress for the longissumus muscle area. The estimates of genetic correlations obtained between musculature and backfat thickness and rump fat thickness indicated that the selection for musculature may lead to animals with better carcass finishing. Selection for physical structure and conformation, at 15 and 22 months, should promote response correlated with the hip height

A Search for sleptons and gauginos in Z0 decays

Using a data sample corresponding to 10 000 hadronic Z0 decays, we have searched for the production of sleptons and gauginos in the two-prong decays of Z0. No candidate remains after straightforward selections. For neutralinos, we use selection methods developed in our previous search for neutral Higgs particles. The negative results are translated into improved mass limits and parameter constraints on the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model

SEARCH FOR THE t AND b-prime QUARKS IN HADRONIC DECAYS OF THE Z0 BOSON

We present a search for the third generation up type quark t and a possible fourth down type quark b' in hadronic Z0 decays observed in DELPHI at the LEP collider. For any scenario with a decay through the charged current or into a charged Higgs with a mass at least 6 GeV/c2 below the t and 3 GeVc2 below the b' mass, we set a lower limit for the t quark mass at 44.0 GeV/c2 and for the b' mass at 44.5 GeV/c2. For specific scenarios the mass limits are slightly higher, e.g. for charged current decays the limits are 44.5 and 45.0 GeV/c2 respectively, where all limits are given at a 95% confidence level. © 1990.0SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe