Morphometric and Histological Characteristics of the Uterus of Rusa Deer (Rusa timorensis) during Oestrus

The purpose of this study was to provide baseline data on the histological characteristics of the uterus of an uncommon tropical deer species, Rusa deer (Rusa timorensis) in captivity. Samples (1cm3) of the the entire parts of the uterus (horn, body and neck) from seven (n = 7) Rusa timorensis hinds in oestrus (exhibiting receptivity to the stag the day before slaughter) were obtained from Universiti Putra Malaysia deer breeding unit and fixed in 10% formalin and 4% gluteraldehyde for light and scanning electron microscopy respectively. In the utero-tubal junction, simple tubular glands, similar to endometrial glands were observed. In the endometrium, ciliated cells were scattered among the secretory cells with proliferation of straight endometrial uterine glands which are lined by tall columnar cells with plasma cells at the basement membrane. These glands were extremely well developed and their histological structure indicates increased secretion preparatory to pregnancy. The study demonstrated that the Rusa deer showed increased reproductive parameters as well as parameters manifested in venison production. The microstructure of uterus of Rusa deer shows extremely positive characteristics for nidation of the egg cell and normal development of the embryo. From these investigations, it is clear that the microstructure of the uterus shows favourable conditions that allow for proper development of a healthy embryo even in captivity.Key words: Captivity, histology, oestrus, Rusa timorensis, uterus

Effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness in dry drilling of AISI D2 tool steel by using Taguchi Method

Hard drilling of AISI D2 reportedly produce accelerated wear to the cutting tool that detrimental to the surface finish. This paper presents the effect of drilling tool and drilling parameters by using Taguchi method to produce minimum surface roughness under dry conditions. The experiments were conducted using high speed steel (HSS) based drilling tools, coated with various coating layer (uncoated, TiN and TiCN) on material AISI D2 tool steel. Two cutting parameters, spindle speed and feed rate, each at three levels were considered. An L9 array, the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) were employed to analyze the significant and percentage of each parameters for minimum surface roughness. The results revealed that the drilling tools gave main affects the surface roughness based on the highest percentage distribution (95%), followed by the spindle speed (3%) and feed rate (0.4%). Further, the results of ANOVA indicated that the combination of optimum parameter recorded as drilling tools HSS-TiCN with spindle speed of 680 rpm and feed rate of 206.25 mm/min

Design for Manufacture And Assembly Analysis of Baby Stroller

This paper presents the study design analysis for manufacture and assembly (DFMA) of a baby stroller (Sweet Cherry SCR8 Series) in the aspect of part for manufacturing, assembly process and also handling and insertion difficulties. The problem identified in this study is on the features of the stroller that show a lot of fastener being used and also the usage of both hands in moving the fold latch to fold the stroller. The study has proven to save assembly time by 452.29s which is 23% more efficient than the original design. The number of parts reduced from 179 parts to be 149 parts. The DFA index is also improved from 9.6 to 12.6. The advantages of using DFMA method has been proved in the redesign of the baby stroller. Lastly, the analyzed results are discussed at the end of this research

Initial Design of Semi Auto Soap Making Device from Used Cooking Oil for Home Appliances

This paper presents the comprehensive soap making device that can make soap from used cooking oil. The cooking oil can be converted to soap by using the mixture of used cooking oil, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) pellets, water and scented oil. The experiment was conducted to prove it. By having this right device, it will help users to carry out this converting used cooking oil to become a soap process more easily. They do not need to do this process manually. It can be used at a kitchen in every house. This device designed to raise the awareness the importance of recycling the cooking oil. Surveys has conducted with 50 public respondent, especially house wife. From the survey, it can be concluded that there are many people who dispose the used cooking oil to the place where should not be. The main objective of this paper is to discuss how to design a device to make soap from used cooking oil, to develop a functional prototype of soap making device from used cooking oil for home appliances and also to reduce pollution and increase environmental awareness towards Malaysians

Effect of Cutting Parameters on Surface Roughness in Dry Drilling of AISI D2 Tool Steel by Using Taguchi Method

Hard drilling of AISI D2 reportedly produce accelerated wear to the cutting tool that detrimental to the surface finish. This paper presents the effect of drilling tool and drilling parameters by using Taguchi method to produce minimum surface roughness under dry conditions. The experiments were conducted using high speed steel (HSS) based drilling tools, coated with various coating layer (uncoated, TiN and TiCN) on material AISI D2 tool steel. Two cutting parameters, spindle speed and feed rate, each at three levels were considered. An L9 array, the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) were employed to analyze the significant and percentage of each parameters for minimum surface roughness. The results revealed that the drilling tools gave main affects the surface roughness based on the highest percentage distribution (95%), followed by the spindle speed (3%) and feed rate (0.4%). Further, the results of ANOVA indicated that the combination of optimum parameter recorded as drilling tools HSS-TiCN with spindle speed of 680 rpm and feed rate of 206.25 mm/min

Acceptance of Electric Vehicle based on Pricing and Charging Station / H. M. S. Firdaus ...[et al.]

In the middle of 19th century, electric vehicle (EV) has taken place as favourite energy resources for car driving. EV does not have vibration, smell or noise in their operation that gives advantage compared to internal combustion vehicle. However, integration of electrical-based engine technology required extra cost and installation of public charging points. This study focus on finding out the acceptance of EV among Malaysian based on the pricing and charging station. This is due to the environmental problems caused by vehicles emissions that leads to greenhouse effect. Besides, the price of EV is more expensive than internal combustion vehicle and there are limited charging station provided. A survey was conducted in Gombak and Melaka Tengah by using simple random sampling. Sample size of 384 respondents were selected form each district out of 682,226 (Gombak) and 503,127(Melaka Tengah) population. About 46.74% of the respondents agreed to buy EV if the price is less than MYR 50,000 and 87.37% of the respondents agreed to purchase EV if access to a charging station is provided at commercial parking lot or garage. Unwillingness to pay for more than MYR 50,000 means that the community has a low financial ability instead of their interest to own an electric vehicle if public charging station are provided

Influence of Fly Ash on the Compressive Strength of Foamed Concrete at Elevated Temperature

Foamed concrete is a lightweight concrete that is widely used in the construction industry recently. This study was carried out to investigate the influence of fly ash as a cement replacement material to the residual compressive strength of foamed concrete subjected to elevated temperature. For this study, the foamed concrete density was fixed at 1300 kg/m3 and the sand-cement ratio and water-cement was set at 1:2 and 0.45, respectively. The samples were prepared and tested at the age of 28 days. Based on the results, it has been found that with 25% inclusion of fly ash, the percentage of compressive strength loss was decreased by 3 – 50%

Night-Time Highway Construction or Maintenance/Upgrading Works: An Analysis

This paper presents the analysis of interview sessions conducted with the general objective of studying night-time highway construction or maintenance/upgrading works. This includes any work; construction, maintenance or upgrading, that involves the closure of highway lanes and traffic mitigation. Such works might be disadvantageous to be conducted during daytime, thus requiring them to be conducted at night. Data were collected by conducting interviews to relevant industry players with the objective of identifying reasons for such works to be conducted at night. The answers obtained were the gathered and the most famous themes are selected

Multi-wavelength Brillouin Fiber Laser with Fiber Bragg Grating Employs Loop Mirror

In this paper, the development of multi-wavelength Brillouin fiber laser with fiber Bragg grating utilizing a loop mirror is successfully demonstrated. A multi-wavelength Brillouin fiber laser configuration employs 11 km length of single mode fiber as the gain medium, while the reflection of fiber Bragg grating is adopted to produce multi-wavelength signals. Based on the experimental results, it shows that the position of the fiber Bragg grating in the Brillouin fiber laser configuration plays an important role in producing the multi-wavelength signals. By using 19.0 dBm of Brillouin pump power, the highest number of Brillouin Stokes signal and tuning range obtained from this formation is about 23 and 4 nm, respectively. Furthermore, 50% output coupling ratio demonstrates the best ratio to produce Brillouin Stokes signal which gives a better performance in the Brillouin fiber laser system

Multi-wavelength Brillouin Fiber Laser with Fiber Bragg Grating Employs Loop Mirror

In this paper, the development of multi-wavelength Brillouin fiber laser with fiber Bragg grating utilizing a loop mirror is successfully demonstrated. A multi-wavelength Brillouin fiber laser configuration employs 11 km length of single mode fiber as the gain medium, while the reflection of fiber Bragg grating is adopted to produce multi-wavelength signals. Based on the experimental results, it shows that the position of the fiber Bragg grating in the Brillouin fiber laser configuration plays an important role in producing the multi-wavelength signals. By using 19.0 dBm of Brillouin pump power, the highest number of Brillouin Stokes signal and tuning range obtained from this formation is about 23 and 4 nm, respectively. Furthermore, 50% output coupling ratio demonstrates the best ratio to produce Brillouin Stokes signal which gives a better performance in the Brillouin fiber laser system