Happiness: Theoretical and Empirical Considerations

TOPIC. Although happiness is important in maintaining health, few studies of happiness can be found in the nursing literature. PURPOSE. This paper explicates the concept of happiness through examination of its defining attributes, antecedents, consequences, and measurement. SOURCES OF INFORMATION. Literature review using hand search, and databases were used as sources of information. CONCLUSION. The information provided can be used in clinical practice so that nursing strategies can be developed and tested to help people to become happy and healthy

Sibship assignment to the founders of a Bangladeshi Catla catla breeding population

Catla catla (Hamilton) fertilised spawn was collected from the Halda, Jamuna and Padma rivers in Bangladesh from which approximately 900 individuals were retained as ‘candidate founders’ of a breeding population. These fish were fin-clipped and genotyped using the DArTseq platform to obtain, 3048 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 4726 silicoDArT markers. Using SNP data, individuals that shared no putative parents were identified using the program COLONY, i.e. 140, 47 and 23 from the Halda, Jamuna and Padma rivers, respectively. Allele frequencies from these individuals were considered as representative of those of the river populations, and genomic relationship matrices were generated. Then, half-sibling and full-sibling relationships between individuals were assigned manually based on the genomic relationship matrices. Many putative half-sibling and full-sibling relationships were found between individuals from the Halda and Jamuna rivers, which suggests that catla sampled from rivers as spawn are not necessarily representative of river populations. This has implications for the interpretation of past population genetics studies, the sampling strategies to be adopted in future studies and the management of broodstock sourced as river spawn in commercial hatcheries. Using data from individuals that shared no putative parents, overall multi-locus pairwise estimates of Wright’s fixation index (FST) were low (≤ 0.013) and the optimum number of clusters using unsupervised K-means clustering was equal to 1, which indicates little genetic divergence among the SNPs included in our study within and among river populations

Genetic and histopathology studies on mice: Effect of fenugreek oil on the efficiency of ovarian and liver tissues

There is a growing interest in understanding the biological effect of medicinal plants. In the present investigation, the effects of fenugreek oil administration on the liver and ovarian activity genetically (i.e., meiotic progression in collected oocytes as well as changes in DNA and RNA content in the liver and ovarian tissues) and histopathologically (i.e., alterations in the liver and ovarian tissues) were examined in mice. Swiss albino female mice were orally administrated with different doses of fenugreek oil for 10 days. The mode and magnitude of effect were found to be depending on the dose of fenugreek oil and type of tissue. Administration with fenugreek oil at 0.1 and 0.15 ml/mouse increased the total number of cumulus-oocyte complexes as well as improved their quality. Cytogenetically, fenugreek oil was able to stimulate the oocytes collected from treated mice at all doses to progress in meiosis. Levels of nucleic acids content in all groups did not significantly change neither in the DNA nor RNA in ovarian- or liver-tissues. Histopathological examination of the ovaries collected from untreated mice as well as from mice treated with 0.05 ml/mouse of fenugreek oil showed no histopathological alterations. However, ovaries of mice treated with 0.1 or 0.15 ml/mouse of fenugreek oil showed improvement in several tissues. To our knowledge, this is the first study that suggests significant stimulating effects of fenugreek oil on the ovarian activity in mice.Keywords: Fenugreek, mice, ovaries, oocytes, meiosis, DNA, RNA, histopatholog

MTEDS: Multivariant Time Series-Based Encoder-Decoder System for Anomaly Detection

Intrusion detection systems examine the computer or network for potential security vulnerabilities. Time series data is real-valued. The nature of the data influences the type of anomaly detection. As a result, network anomalies are operations that deviate from the norm. These anomalies can cause a wide range of device malfunctions, overloads, and network intrusions. As a result of this, the network\u27s normal operation and services will be disrupted. The paper proposes a new multi-variant time series-based encoder-decoder system for dealing with anomalies in time series data with multiple variables. As a result, to update network weights via backpropagation, a radical loss function is defined. Anomaly scores are used to evaluate performance. The anomaly score, according to the findings, is more stable and traceable, with fewer false positives and negatives. The proposed system\u27s efficiency is compared to three existing approaches: Multiscaling Convolutional Recurrent Encoder-Decoder, Autoregressive Moving Average, and Long Short Term Medium-Encoder-Decoder. The results show that the proposed technique has the highest precision of 1 for a noise level of 0.2. Thus, it demonstrates greater precision for noise factors of 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, and 0.4, and its effectiveness

Analytical Study on Building a Comprehensive Big Data Management Maturity Framework

Harnessing big data in organizations today realizes benefits for competitive advantage. Generated profound insights are reflected in informed decision making, creating better business plans, and improved service delivery. Yet, organizations are still not recognizing how mature their big data management capabilities are. However, there is no structured approach to assess and build necessary capabilities for valuable big data utilizing, which draws a clear improvement pathway. Existing solutions lack a consistent perception of big data management capabilities, a reliable assessment, and a rigid improvement scheme. This paper contributes in building an analytical study on existing key works in assessing and building big data management capabilities. Drawing upon the results and gaps revealed from this analytical study, the main requirements for building a comprehensive big data management maturity framework are defined. This framework will enable organizations to assess and improve their current capabilities towards effective big data management.https://dorl.net/dor/ 20.1001.1.20088302.2022.20.1.13.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) reveal sibship among founders of a Bangladeshi rohu (Labeo rohita) breeding population

Rohu (Labeo rohita) is a significant freshwater aquaculture species with approximately 1.8 Mt produced annually. Fin clips obtained from the founders of a newly established Bangladesh-based breeding population (~140 fish from each of the Halda, Jamuna and Padma rivers) were used to identify 9157 SNPs and 14 411 silicoDArT markers using the Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) genotyping-by-sequencing platform known as using the DArTseqTM platform. After quality control, 1985 SNPs were retained and used to examine population structure within and among river systems. Examination of genomic relationships revealed evidence of full- and half-sibling relationships among founders. Accordingly, sibship and dummy parents were assigned within each river population using a maximum likelihood approach with COLONY software. Founders that had no dummy parents in common were then identified for population genetic analyses. Only 40 unique dummy parents and 17 founders with no common dummy parents were identified from the Halda river, compared with 206 (96) from the Jamuna and 184 (83) from the Padma. Overall pairwise FST estimates among rivers were low (< 0.005) and the optimum number of clusters using unsupervised K-means clustering was one, indicating little genetic divergence among the river populations in our SNPs. These results suggest that observed sibship among founders should be accounted for in future pedigree-based analyses and it cannot be assumed that fertilised spawn collections are representative samples of river populations

Opportunities of IoT in Fog Computing for High Fault Tolerance and Sustainable Energy Optimization

Today, the importance of enhanced quality of service and energy optimization has promoted research into sensor applications such as pervasive health monitoring, distributed computing, etc. In general, the resulting sensor data are stored on the cloud server for future processing. For this purpose, recently, the use of fog computing from a real-world perspective has emerged, utilizing end-user nodes and neighboring edge devices to perform computation and communication. This paper aims to develop a quality-of-service-based energy optimization (QoS-EO) scheme for the wireless sensor environments deployed in fog computing. The fog nodes deployed in specific geographical areas cover the sensor activity performed in those areas. The logical situation of the entire system is informed by the fog nodes, as portrayed. The implemented techniques enable services in a fog-collaborated WSN environment. Thus, the proposed scheme performs quality-of-service placement and optimizes the network energy. The results show a maximum turnaround time of 8 ms, a minimum turnaround time of 1 ms, and an average turnaround time of 3 ms. The costs that were calculated indicate that as the number of iterations increases, the path cost value decreases, demonstrating the efficacy of the proposed technique. The CPU execution delay was reduced to a minimum of 0.06 s. In comparison, the proposed QoS-EO scheme has a lower network usage of 611,643.3 and a lower execution cost of 83,142.2. Thus, the results show the best cost estimation, reliability, and performance of data transfer in a short time, showing a high level of network availability, throughput, and performance guarantee

Melamine-Ceramic Membrane for Oily Wastewater Treatment

Four distinctive Ceramic membranes have been synthesized using bentonite and Egyptian clay with the expansion of melamine. The addition of melamine (~ 1% by wt.) enhanced the porosity, density, the thermal stability and water permeability of the membranes made from bentonite or Egyptian clay while decreasing the chemical stability of either bentonite or Egyptian clay membranes. The most noteworthy level of decrease in COD (94.7%) is acquired for the concentration of 200ppm with saturating flux of 4.63 E-05 (m3/m2.s) utilizing (B+M) membrane. The cost of the four manufactured clay membranes was assessed based on raw materials used in the present investigation

POTENTIAL ROLE OF HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS AGAINST DIABETES INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS AND INFLAMMATION IN RATS

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of Haematococcus pluvialis extract against oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines induced by hyperglycemia in diabetic rats.Methods: Oxidative stress; lipid peroxide (as presented by Malondialdehyde; MDA) and nitric oxide (NO), beside total antioxidant capacity, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants including reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase were evaluated. The inflammatory cytokines; tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta were also investigated in rats' serum. Several analyses including expression of antioxidant enzyme related genes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and DNA adducts were performed.Results: The results showed that diabetes mellitus induced-rats exhibited increase in oxidative stress biomarkers and inflammatory cytokines, lower expression levels of the antioxidant enzyme genes; superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase than those in control rats. In addition, diabetic rats exhibited significantly higher levels of ROS generation and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) formation. In contrary, supplementation of diabetic rats with H. pluvialis extract improved the negative effect of the hyperglycemia on antioxidant enzymes, the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes, and ROS generation as well as 8-OHdG formation.Conclusion: H. pluvialis extract decreased the oxidative stress, enhanced antioxidant status and inflammatory cytokines induced by hyperglycemia in diabetic rats. The effect of H. pluvialis extract involved in the increase of expression levels of antioxidant enzyme genes; decreased the levels of ROS generation and 8-OHdG formation which may be attributed to the presence of astaxanthin in H. pluvialis extract.Keywords: Haematococcus pluvialis, Hyperglycemia, Diabetes mellitus, Oxidative stress, Inflammatory cytokines, DNA adducts