Address by Judge Edward Weinfeld

This is a transcript of Judge Edward Weinfeld\u27s acceptance of the 1985 Fordham Stein Award

Characteristics of the dynamics of breakdown filaments in Al2O3/InGaAs stacks

In this paper, the Al2O3/InGaAs interface was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) after a breakdown (BD) event at positive bias applied to the gate contact. The dynamics of the BD event were studied by comparable XPS measurements with different current compliance levels during the BD event. The overall results show that indium atoms from the substrate move towards the oxide by an electro-migration process and oxidize upon arrival following a power law dependence on the current compliance of the BD event. Such a result reveals the physical feature of the breakdown characteristics of III-V based metal-oxide-semiconductor devices.Fil: Palumbo, Félix Roberto Mario. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Shekhter, P.. Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; IsraelFil: Cohen Weinfeld, K.. Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; IsraelFil: Eizenberg, M.. Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Israe

More Courage Than Discretion: Charles M. Hamilton in Reconstruction-Era Florida

At the close of the Civil War, Union army officers arrived in Florida to serve as agents of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands (the Bureau ). In addition to their official Bureau duties, the agents, often the sole representatives of the Federal government in their assigned districts, acted as protectors of the newly freed slaves against a recalcitrant white population that refused to accept the blacks\u27 liberated status. As Congress implemented its Reconstruction plan, the agents helped organize the Republican Party in Florida in anticipation of readmission and encouraged the freedmen to become loyal Republican voters. The Bureau agents soon confronted an unanticipated situation, however, when enfranchised blacks acted not merely as their wards but also as competitors for political power. This struggle for control within the Republican Party continued throughout the Reconstruction Era