KRITIK SOSIAL DALAM NASKAH DRAMA PILKADES KARYA AL GALIH (KAJIAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA)

Penelitian ini mengkaji naskah yang menceritakan tentang realitas sosial masyarakat Sulawesi Tenggara khususnya kota Kendari yang terjadi sepanjang tahun 2017. Naskah Drama Pilkades Karya Al Galih menarik untuk diteliti menggunakan Kritik Sosial kajian Sosiologi Sastra karena naskah tersebut memuat tentang kritikan terhadap masalah sosial yang terjadi di Kota Kendari. Masalah yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana kritik sosial dalam naskah drama Pilkades karya Al Galih. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan menyertakan deskripsi yaitu mendeskripsikan data-data objektif sesuai isi naskah drama Pilkades karya Al Galih. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian kepustakaan dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) kritik terhadap asmara berupa perilaku seksual, (2) kritik sosial berupa kritik terhadap politik meliputi politik uang, biaya politik, politik kesukuan dan dinasti politik, (3) kritik terhadap etnik berupa kritik terhadap pelaksanaan hukum adat atau kalosara dalam masyarakat suku Tolaki.  Kata Kunci: Drama, Kritik Sosial dan Sosiologi Sastra

Studi Etnofarmasi Tumbuhan Berkhasiat Obat pada Suku Buton di Kecamatan Binongko, Kabupaten Wakatobi, Sulawesi Tenggara

Herbal plant ethno pharmacy study in Butonse has been coducted from January to april2014 in Binongko Sub-districtm Wakatobi Regency of South East Sulawesi. This research aimed tofind out various species and plant organs used, kinds of diseases healed, and the way to use the herbalplants by Butonese in Binongko Sub-district. This was a descripive research using qualitativemethod.The sample was taken through snowball technique with 17 informans by using questiomnaire.Based on the research result, it was obtained 53 species of plants and divided into 35 families thatused as medicine.The most used plants were family of Euphorbiaceae of 6 species. It was found 3kinds of unique plants used such as tali putri, daun picah, and kayu kuda. The organs used were leaf,fruit, stem, tuber, root, rhozome. Latex, flower, stem skin, and wood skin. The most used plant\u27sorgan was the leaves of 56%. The wey is by boiling, pounding, chewing, squeezing, slicing, smearing,burning, dropping, soaking, consuming directly, gratting, attachng, and having smoke. The most wayused is by boiling and pounding for 34% each

Molecular detection of circulating thyroid specific transcripts (TSHR/Tg-mRNAs) in thyroid cancer patients: Their diagnostic significance

Thyroid cancer is the most prevalent endocrine malignancy. The preoperative diagnosis of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) that relies solely on fine-needle aspiration (FNAC) biopsy, sometimes possesses conflicting results. New molecular markers for thyroid cancer have been investigated with most of them based on the detection in thyroid nodules or tumor tissue specimens. Recently, it was possible to detect thyroid cancer cells in the circulation by measuring the mRNA of thyroid specific genes. Among these, thyroglobulin and more recently thyroid stimulating hormone receptor mRNAs, TSHR/Tg-mRNAs in peripheral blood might serve as cancer-specific markers. These have become promising new circulating markers for thyroid cancer. The purpose of this study is to assess TSHR/Tg-mRNAs as diagnostic molecular markers for thyroid cancer and if they can be used preoperatively in synergy with FNAC. This study was performed on 60 subjects; 20 healthy volunteers and 40 patients; including 16 patients with benign thyroid diseases, 24 patients with thyroid cancer; 18 patients with newly diagnosed (DTC) and 6 patients with recurrent thyroid cancer. Diagnosis of cancer was based on FNAC and histopathology of surgical specimens. All subjects had TSHR/Tg-mRNAs in peripheral blood measured by reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR. Based on cytology/pathology; 18 patients had newly diagnosed DTC and 11 had benign thyroid disease. Preoperative FNAC was performed on 29 of 40 patients; FNAC was diagnostic in 11/18 of malignant lesions (61.1%), in 8/11 of benign lesions (72.7%), while 10/29 (34.5%) were indeterminate. TSHR/Tg-mRNAs correctly diagnosed DTC in 20/24 and 19/24 (sensitivity 83.3% and 79.1%) and benign disease in 14/16 and 13/16 (specificity 87.5% and 81.3%), respectively. With indeterminate FNA, TSHR/Tg-mRNAs correctly diagnosed DTC (follicular type) in 5/7 and benign disease in 2/3 (combined sensitivity 71.4%; specificity 66.7%). There was high concordance between RT-PCR results for TSHR-mRNA and Tg-mRNA. Of the controls 19/20 (95%) and 16/20 (80%) were negative for both TSHR- and Tg-mRNAs. With the use of a carefully selected primer pair and qualitative RT-PCR; our results indicate that TSHR/Tg-mRNAs in peripheral blood are both equally sensitive and specific markers for detection of thyroid cancer cells. Combining TSHR/Tg-mRNAs and FNAC and ultrasound enhances the preoperative detection of cancer in patients with thyroid nodules, reducing unnecessary surgeries and correctly classified most follicular cancers and could have spared surgery in patients with benign disease.Keywords: Differentiated thyroid Cancer; TSHR/Tg-mRNAs; Fine-needle aspiration cytology; Thyroid nodules; Indeterminate lesions; Molecular marke

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in The Working Area of Abeli Public Health Center, Kendari City

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious illness spread by vectors caused by a virus. According to data, DHF cases at Abeli Health Center in 2021 have increased compared to the previous year, namely 19 cases. These cases have increased compared to the incidence of DHF, with 3 cases in 2020 and 6 cases in 2019. The primary goals of this study are to explain the description of dengue fever incidents at the Abeli Health Center in Kendari City in 2022. In 2021, This type of research will employ an observational survey with secondary data obtained from health data in the Abeli Health Center work area. Furthermore, it is linked to reports of DHF events in the Abeli Health Center’s operating area. The type of investigation data was numerical. The investigative information was displayed within the frame of charts and narratives. This study found no association between the description of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in the working region Abeli Public Health Care, Kendari City, in 2022. This was because most of the houses in the district met the requirements of healthy homes. Meanwhile, the cases of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DBD) and Wastewater Disposal Channel (WWDC)inAbeli District, Kendari City, 2022, still had a relationship. This was because many Wastewater Disposal Channels still did not meet the requirements, which risk causing dengue fever in Abeli District, Kendari City, in 2022. Keywords: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), Wastewater Disposal Channel (WWDC

Salivary PCR detection of Helicobacter pylori DNA in Egyptian patients with dyspepsia

Several methods are available for detecting Helicobacter pylori infection: (1) invasive methods based on gastric biopsies, (2) non invasive methods like Urea Breath Test (UBT), serology and stool antigen tests. Importance of salivary PCR in detection of H. pylori is still questionable. To evaluate the role of salivary PCR technique in detecting H. pylori gastric affection in Egyptian patients with dyspepsia and in differentiating between functional dyspepsia and acid-ulcer syndrome. This study included 60 patients with dyspepsia classified into three groups: (Group 1) patients with gastric H. pylori and ulcers or erosions (n= 20), (Group 2) patients with gastric H. pylori and no ulcers or erosions and had functional dyspepsia (n= 20), (Group 3) patients without H. pylori and had functional dyspepsia (n= 20). All underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with biopsies, rapid urease test and salivary samples for H. pylori PCR. Significant difference between the three groups regarding salivary PCR values. No significant difference between Group 1 and Group 2 but both had significant difference with Group 3, significant difference between gastric H. pylori positive patients (n= 40) and negative ones (n= 20). Salivary PCR test had sensitivity of 85%, specificity of 70% in diagnosing H. pylori. PCR value of 534000 Iu/ml had best sensitivity (75%) and specificity (100%) for diagnosing H. pylori, highly significant positive correlation between H. pylori gastric affection and salivary PCR values. No significant difference between patients with acid ulcer syndrome (n=20) and those with functional dyspepsia (n= 40) as regard salivary PCR mean values. Salivary PCR test showed sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 50% in differentiating between patients with acid ulcer syndrome and those with functional dyspepsia. PCR value of 440000 Iu/ml had best sensitivity (100%) and specificity (55%) in differentiating acid ulcer syndrome from functional dyspepsia with non significant. H. pylori salivary PCR may be of value in diagnosing H. pylori gastric affection and is strongly correlated with it but it is of limited value in differentiating between acid ulcer syndrome and functional dyspepsia.Keywords: Salivary PCR; Helicobacter pylori; Functional dyspepsia; Acid ulcer syndrom

Histopathological and Biochemical evaluations of the antidotal efficacy of Nigella sativa oil on organophosphate induced hepato-toxicity

Objective: The study was designed to investigate the effects of continuous exposure of dichlorvos (DDVP) on hepatic function and hepatic histomorphology, with the possible antidotal efficacy of Nigella sativa oil (NSO).Methods: Twenty four Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, with each group comprising of six rats. The groups were labelled as Sunflower oil (SFO), DDVP, DDVP+NSO and NSO. After 14 days of treatments, blood samples were collected, centrifuged and levels of ALP (Alkaline phosphatase), ALT (Alanine aminotransferase), AST (Aspartate aminotransferase) and GGT (γ-glutamyl-transferase) concentrations were estimated in the serum. The livers were removed and prepared for histopathological examinations and evaluation.Results: The findings of the study shows significant increase in the serum concentration of ALT, ALP, AST and GGT with a marked distortion in the hepatic architecture in rats administered with DDVP. However, Nigella sativa oil (NSO) was observed to ameliorate the levels of impairment in the assessed hepatic function parameters and relatively restoration in the hepatic architecture in DDVP+NSO treated animals when compared to the control and group administered with DDVPonly.Conclusion: The study concludes that impaired liver functions and histomorphological tissue distortions observed in the experimental rats following DDVP exposure were ameliorated following theadministration of NSO.Keywords: Nigella sativa, dichlorvos, antidotal effect, hepatotoxicity, liver function tes

Successful Treatment of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis with a Steroid and a Probiotic

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a serious disease that not only affects quality of life but can also have a significant effect on patient survival. The treatment for PSC is primarily supportive with the aim of controlling cholestatic symptoms and preventing complications. Ursodeoxycholic acid may induce biochemical improvements in affected patients; however, long-term pediatric studies to determine its possible benefits in young patients are lacking. Thus, the treatment of pediatric PSC remains a significant clinical challenge. We describe a patient with PSC and undetermined colitis who was treated with a combination of a steroid, salazosulfapyridine, and a probiotic. This treatment provided benefits both for PSC and the undetermined colitis. These findings suggest that bacterial flora and gut inflammation are closely associated with the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease-related PSC. Suppression of bowel inflammation and maintenance of bacterial homeostasis may be important for treating PSC

A PREDICATION WEATHER PARALLEL WITH FILTER MODEL BASED ON EXTRACT EVENT: CASE STUDY IS MALAYSIAN WEATHER FOR SHORT-TERM

Of all of the challenges predication weather high impact to environment based on estimate time about this sufficing using random method which mean not cover whole data coming from environment. In this care for coverage whole data below filter technique with kept the time elements and analysis with reifications. A center of attention study aim predication via filter model to contribute knows immediate future in Malaysia scope to helpful aircraft and navigation system begin analog to digital by simulate processes. In evaluate by observation will easy determinate the filter model supplementary suitable and clear meaningful likewise the random method request more processes and capacity shortest

Limited effect of patient and disease characteristics on compliance with hospital antimicrobial guidelines

Objective: Physicians frequently deviate from guidelines that promote prudent use of antimicrobials. We explored to what extent patient and disease characteristics were associated with compliance with guideline recommendations for three common infections. Methods: In a 1-year prospective observational study, 1,125 antimicrobial prescriptions were analysed for compliance with university hospital guidelines. Results: Compliance varied significantly between and within the groups of infections studied. Compliance was much higher for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs; 79%) than for sepsis (53%) and urinary tract infections (UTIs; 40%). Only predisposing illnesses and active malignancies were associated with more compliant prescribing, whereas alcohol/ intravenous drug abuse and serum creatinine levels > 130 mu mol/l were associated with less compliant prescribing. Availability of culture results had no impact on compliance with guidelines for sepsis but was associated with more compliance in UTIs and less in LRTIs. Narrowing initial broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy to cultured pathogens was seldom practised. Most noncompliant prescribing concerned a too broad spectrum of activity when compared with guideline-recommended therapy. Conclusion: Patient characteristics had only a limited impact on compliant prescribing for a variety of reasons. Physicians seemed to practise defensive prescribing behaviour, favouring treatment success in current patients over loss of effectiveness due to resistance in future patients

Parity-Violating Electron Scattering from 4He and the Strange Electric Form Factor of the Nucleon

We have measured the parity-violating electroweak asymmetry in the elastic scattering of polarized electrons from ^4He at an average scattering angle = 5.7 degrees and a four-momentum transfer Q^2 = 0.091 GeV^2. From these data, for the first time, the strange electric form factor of the nucleon G^s_E can be isolated. The measured asymmetry of A_PV = (6.72 +/- 0.84 (stat) +/- 0.21 (syst) parts per million yields a value of G^s_E = -0.038 +/- 0.042 (stat) +/- 0.010 (syst), consistent with zero