Book Reviews

Gmelins Handbuch der anorganischen Chemie. 8. Auflage. Herausgegeben vom Gmelin-Institut in Clausthal-Zellerfeld. Hauptredakteur Erich Pietsch. Verlag Chemie, GMBH, Weinheim/Bergstrasse. [I. Filipović] F. Feigl: Spot Tests. Vol. I. Inorganic Applications. [L. Filipović] F. Feigl: Spot Tests. Vol. II. Organic Applications. [K. Balenović] E. de Barry Barnett: Stereochemistry. London, First Published 1950 (Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons, Ltd.) [K. Balenović] R. J. McIlroy : The Plant Giycosides. London 1951. (Edward Arnold & Co.) [K. Balenović] J. Timmermans: Les Constantes Physiques des Composes Organiques Cristallises. Paris 1953. [K. Balenović] Roosevelt Griffiths: Thermostats and Temperature-Regulating Instruments. 3. izdanje, London 1951. (Charles Griffin & Co. Ltd.) [N. Škarica] Ivan Brihta : Kataliza u kemijskoj industriji, Zagreb 1953. (Tehnička knjiga). [W. A. Fišer

Book Reviews

Gmelins Handbuch der anorganischen Chemie. 8. Auflage. Herausgegeben vom Gmelin-Institut in Clausthal-Zellerfeld. Hauptredakteur Erich Pietsch. Verlag Chemie, GMBH, Weinheim/Bergstrasse. [I. Filipović] F. Feigl: Spot Tests. Vol. I. Inorganic Applications. [L. Filipović] F. Feigl: Spot Tests. Vol. II. Organic Applications. [K. Balenović] E. de Barry Barnett: Stereochemistry. London, First Published 1950 (Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons, Ltd.) [K. Balenović] R. J. McIlroy : The Plant Giycosides. London 1951. (Edward Arnold & Co.) [K. Balenović] J. Timmermans: Les Constantes Physiques des Composes Organiques Cristallises. Paris 1953. [K. Balenović] Roosevelt Griffiths: Thermostats and Temperature-Regulating Instruments. 3. izdanje, London 1951. (Charles Griffin & Co. Ltd.) [N. Škarica] Ivan Brihta : Kataliza u kemijskoj industriji, Zagreb 1953. (Tehnička knjiga). [W. A. Fišer

Fundamental research questions in subterranean biology

Five decades ago, a landmark paper inSciencetitledThe Cave Environmentheralded caves as ideal natural experimental laboratories in which to develop and address general questions in geology, ecology, biogeography, and evolutionary biology. Although the 'caves as laboratory' paradigm has since been advocated by subterranean biologists, there are few examples of studies that successfully translated their results into general principles. The contemporary era of big data, modelling tools, and revolutionary advances in genetics and (meta)genomics provides an opportunity to revisit unresolved questions and challenges, as well as examine promising new avenues of research in subterranean biology. Accordingly, we have developed a roadmap to guide future research endeavours in subterranean biology by adapting a well-established methodology of 'horizon scanning' to identify the highest priority research questions across six subject areas. Based on the expert opinion of 30 scientists from around the globe with complementary expertise and of different academic ages, we assembled an initial list of 258 fundamental questions concentrating on macroecology and microbial ecology, adaptation, evolution, and conservation. Subsequently, through online surveys, 130 subterranean biologists with various backgrounds assisted us in reducing our list to 50 top-priority questions. These research questions are broad in scope and ready to be addressed in the next decade. We believe this exercise will stimulate research towards a deeper understanding of subterranean biology and foster hypothesis-driven studies likely to resonate broadly from the traditional boundaries of this field.Peer reviewe

Understanding the cancer stem cell

The last 15 years has seen an explosion of interest in the cancer stem cell (CSC). Although it was initially believed that only a rare population of stem cells are able to undergo self-renewing divisions and differentiate to form all populations within a malignancy, a recent work has shown that these cells may not be as rare as thought first, at least in some malignancies. Improved experimental models are beginning to uncover a less rigid structure to CSC biology, in which the concepts of functional plasticity and clonal evolution must be incorporated into the traditional models. Slowly the genetic programmes and biological processes underlying stem cell biology are being elucidated, opening the door to the development of drugs targeting the CSC. The aim of ongoing research to understand CSCs is to develop novel stem cell-directed treatments, which will reduce therapy resistance, relapse and the toxicity associated with current, non-selective agents

The evolution of epigean and stygobitic species of Koonunga Sayce, 1907 (Syncarida: Anaspidacea) in Southern Australia, with the description of three new species

Three new species of Koonunga were discovered in surface and subterranean waters in southern Australia, and were defined using mtDNA analyses and morphology. The new species are: Koonunga hornei Leijs & King; K. tatiaraensis Leijs & King and K. allambiensis Leijs & King. Molecular clock analyses indicate that the divergence times of the species are older than the landscape that they currently inhabit. Different scenarios explaining this apparent discrepancy are discussed in the context of the palaeography of the area. A freshwater epigean origin for Koonunga is considered the most likely hypothesis, whereby some lineages made the transition to the subterranean environment within the last few million years influenced by significant climatic cooling/drying. We discuss the possibility that one stygobitic lineage secondarily regained some of its body pigmentation as adaptation to increased photic conditions after cave collapse and forming of cenotes during the last glacial maximum.Remko Leijs, Tessa Bradford, James G. Mitchell, William F. Humphreys, Steven J. B. Cooper, Peter Goonan, Rachael A. Kin

Remote copulation: Male adaptation to female cannibalism

10.1098/rsbl.2011.1202Biology Letters84512-51

Molecular taxonomy, phylogeny and biogeography of the Niphargus tatrensis species complex (Amphipoda, Niphargidae) in Austria

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe