Low Cost Magnetometer Calibration and Distributed Simultaneous Multipoint Ionospheric Measurements from a Sounding Rocket Platform

Low-cost and low-size-weight-and-power (SWaP) magnetometers can provide greater accessibility for distributed simultaneous measurements in the ionosphere, either onboard sounding rockets or on CubeSats. The Space and Atmospheric Instrumentation Laboratory (SAIL) at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University has launched a multitude of sounding rockets in recent history: one night-time mid-latitude rocket from Wallops Flight Facility in August 2022 and three mid-latitude rockets from White Sands Missile Range during the October 2023 annular solar eclipse. All rockets had a comprehensive suite of instruments for electrodynamics and neutral dynamics measurements. Among this suite was one science-grade three-axis fluxgate magnetometer (Billingsley TFM65VQS / TFM100G2) and up to six commercial-off-the-shelf magnetometers (PNI RM3100) distributed between the main payload and up to four ejectable subpayloads per rocket. These low-cost and low SWaP magnetometers can achieve a resolution of approximately 1 nT and a precision of +/-4 nT (one sigma) at 15 Hz in the absence of environmental noise. This performance is sufficient for measuring currents that flow in the E-region ionosphere. This thesis will cover the magnetometer calibration process used for these sounding rocket missions, the calibration results, and some analysis of the flight data. For the first time, distributed multi-point and temporally-spaced in-situ magnetometer measurements have been recorded during a solar eclipse, providing the first chance to observe the time-dependent effect of the eclipse shadow on the local vertical structure of the solar quiet (Sq) current

An Investigation of The Radioactivity of Oilwell Drilling Fluid, With Depth of Wells in The Berland Field of Rooks County

In reviewing the foregoing literature and in consideration of the very important place of the state of Kansas in the nation\u27s production of petroleum, it was thought that possibly a contribution might be made to the general subject of geophysical prospecting for oil by the adoption and execution of the problem proposed by the title of this thesis. Since a similar but more scattered study of this problem had been previously made by Lippert with the use of an electroscope, it was considered worth-while to repeat the electroscopic observations together with Geiger-Mueller Counter observations on a new series of wells for samples of both soil and water, and to determine, if possible, a correlation between the readings of these two instruments. Furthermore, instead of taking a few reading s of many wells scattered over the county, it was thought wiser to take daily samples of a limited number of wells in the same field

Body Weights of Ohio Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus)

Author Institution: Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of WildlifeAverage annual winter (December-February) body weights of Ohio ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) from both the glaciated northeast and the more southern unglaciated hill country ranges showed only small deviations from the 4-year (1974-1977) mean. Hill country grouse were heavier (P < 0.05) than northeastern birds in winter, but not in fall (October-November). Year-around (1969-1982) body weights were obtained only for hill country grouse. Both sexes showed rapid weight gains in the fall; juveniles (4.5-12 months of age) appeared to gain weight faster than adults. Peak weights were achieved in November and held through winter. With the onset of breeding in March, males lost weight rapidly. Lowest weights for males and probably females occurred in late spring and summer and were about 100 g (14 and 17%, respectively) below winter weights. Male grouse were consistently heavier than females; adults were usually heavier than juveniles of the same sex. Wild-trapped grouse chicks showed steady weight gains averaging about 30 g per week from hatching through 16 weeks of age. Male chicks generally averaged 6-14% heavier than female chicks after 10-17 weeks of age. Comparisons among different areas suggested that ruffed grouse from the more southerly latitudes were heavier in winter and spring, but that summer and perhaps fall weights were similar. The results suggest that body weight is not a good index of condition and reproductive success in ruffed grouse

Distribution and Relative Abundance of Ruffed Grouse in Ohio

Author Institution: Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of WildlifeThis survey updates the distribution and relative abundance of ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) in Ohio. In 1982, ruffed grouse were reported in 44 counties covering approximately 41,400 km2 in glaciated northeastern and unglaciated eastern and southeastern Ohio. About 74% of the occupied range was rated best-good and 26% fair-marginal. Drumming male densities ranging from 0.7 to 3.7 per 40 ha were recorded on three best-good rated study areas in southeastern Ohio. From 1972 through 1983, grouse populations demonstrated dramatic low to high year changes of 75% for the range wide grouse hunter survey and 150% for drumming male censuses in southeastern range

Sexual Dimorphism

doi:10.1146/annurev.an.14.100185.002241Annual Review of Anthropology http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/loi/anthr

Demonstration of the spatial separation of the entangled quantum side-bands of an optical field

Quantum optics experiments on "bright" beams typically probe correlations between side-band modes. However the extra degree of freedom represented by this dual mode picture is generally ignored. We demonstrate the experimental operation of a device which can be used to separate the quantum side-bands of an optical field. We use this device to explicitly demonstrate the quantum entanglement between the side-bands of a squeezed beam

Balloon Borne GPSsondes that Enable Simultaneous Multi-Point Atmospheric Sensing with a Single Ground Station

Balloon-borne radiosondes provide measurements of in-situ atmospheric data such as wind velocity, temperature, and pressure, amongst many others. The Space and Atmospheric Instrumentation Laboratory at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University has developed low cost (\u3c $150, all inclusive) GPS-enabled radiosondes that are capable of having multiple balloons simultaneously in the air communicating to a single omni-directional ground station antenna. Each GPS-sonde is equipped with a GPS Module for zonal and meridional winds, thermistor for in-situ temperature, and a pressure sensor. Slant range of greater than 120km is achieved through low-cost LoRa radio modules. Interference-free transmission timing between multiple payloads is done by time division multiplexing. The current design allows for up to six payloads to be simultaneously airborne and transmit live atmospheric data through one ground station. A higher number of simultaneous transmissions are also possible, albeit with a minor hit to spatial resolution. We present the system design, complete with hardware and software details, as well data from our current test flights and plans for future development