La deixis en perspective

Dans cet article, nous présenterons d’abord un bref aperçu historique des travaux qui, du xiiie siècle à nos jours, ont conduit au concept actuel de deixis. Nous montrerons ensuite que les linguistes contemporains n’ont pas encore tiré toutes les conséquences de la notion de token-réflexivité forgée par Hans Reichenbach. Prenons le mot tu : pour le définir, on ne peut se contenter de dire qu’il désigne la personne à laquelle est adressée l’occurrence du mot tu. Il faut en outre montrer comment, par exemple, lorsque plusieurs personnes participent à la conversation, elles parviennent à savoir qui, parmi elles, est le destinataire de l’occurrence de tu ou, pour le dire autrement, comment elles (re)construisent le trajet qui conduit de l’occurrence à son référent.In this chapter, we will first examine the historical background of the modern concept of deixis from the 18th century to the present days and then attempt to show that contemporary linguists have not yet drawn all the consequences of the notion of token-reflexive words created by Hans Reichenbach. Let us consider the word you: to characterize it, it is not enough to say that it refers to the person whom the token of you is addressed to. It must as well be shown for instance how, when many persons take part in the conversation, they can find out who is the addressee of the token of you or, in other words, how they can discover the way leading from the token itself to its referent

Joint Observation of the Galactic Center with MAGIC and CTA-LST-1

MAGIC is a system of two Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs), designed to detect very-high-energy gamma rays, and is operating in stereoscopic mode since 2009 at the Observatorio del Roque de Los Muchachos in La Palma, Spain. In 2018, the prototype IACT of the Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1) for the Cherenkov Telescope Array, a next-generation ground-based gamma-ray observatory, was inaugurated at the same site, at a distance of approximately 100 meters from the MAGIC telescopes. Using joint observations between MAGIC and LST-1, we developed a dedicated analysis pipeline and established the threefold telescope system via software, achieving the highest sensitivity in the northern hemisphere. Based on this enhanced performance, MAGIC and LST-1 have been jointly and regularly observing the Galactic Center, a region of paramount importance and complexity for IACTs. In particular, the gamma-ray emission from the dynamical center of the Milky Way is under debate. Although previous measurements suggested that a supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* plays a primary role, its radiation mechanism remains unclear, mainly due to limited angular resolution and sensitivity. The enhanced sensitivity in our novel approach is thus expected to provide new insights into the question. We here present the current status of the data analysis for the Galactic Center joint MAGIC and LST-1 observations

The V471A polymorphism in autophagy-related gene ATG7 modifies age at onset specifically in Italian Huntington disease patients

The cause of Huntington disease (HD) is a polyglutamine repeat expansion of more than 36 units in the huntingtin protein, which is inversely correlated with the age at onset of the disease. However, additional genetic factors are believed to modify the course and the age at onset of HD. Recently, we identified the V471A polymorphism in the autophagy-related gene ATG7, a key component of the autophagy pathway that plays an important role in HD pathogenesis, to be associated with the age at onset in a large group of European Huntington disease patients. To confirm this association in a second independent patient cohort, we analysed the ATG7 V471A polymorphism in additional 1,464 European HD patients of the “REGISTRY” cohort from the European Huntington Disease Network (EHDN). In the entire REGISTRY cohort we could not confirm a modifying effect of the ATG7 V471A polymorphism. However, analysing a modifying effect of ATG7 in these REGISTRY patients and in patients of our previous HD cohort according to their ethnic origin, we identified a significant effect of the ATG7 V471A polymorphism on the HD age at onset only in the Italian population (327 patients). In these Italian patients, the polymorphism is associated with a 6-years earlier disease onset and thus seems to have an aggravating effect. We could specify the role of ATG7 as a genetic modifier for HD particularly in the Italian population. This result affirms the modifying influence of the autophagic pathway on the course of HD, but also suggests population-specific modifying mechanisms in HD pathogenesis

Können nebenornende Konjunktionen und Konjunktionaladverbien keine größeren syntaktischen Einheiten als Sätze einleiten ?

Vuillaume Marcel. Können nebenornende Konjunktionen und Konjunktionaladverbien keine größeren syntaktischen Einheiten als Sätze einleiten ?. In: Cahiers d'Études Germaniques, numéro 14, 1988. pp. 31-41

Ici et l'anaphore. Ce que révèle la construction nous sommes ici dans + SN

International audienceMarcel Vuillaume analyse les propriétés dans le discours écrit de l’adverbe ici correspondant à la glose dans SN ou à la structure nous sommes ici dans SN avec des noms d’espace abstraits ou concrets, et arrive à la conclusion que ce mot est déictique même dans cette situation d’énonciation écrite ou, dit autrement, qu’il n’est jamais anaphorique

Das Wort Zeit. Au sujet d'un texte de Peter Handke

Vuillaume Marcel. Das Wort Zeit. Au sujet d'un texte de Peter Handke. In: Cahiers d'Études Germaniques, numéro 21, 1991. pp. 125-135

Approbation et désapprobation indirectes

Vuillaume Marcel. Approbation et désapprobation indirectes. In: Cahiers d'Études Germaniques, numéro 18, 1990. pp. 95-99

La particule allemande gar : une ambiguïté intéressante

Vuillaume Marcel. La particule allemande gar : une ambiguïté intéressante. In: Langages, 16ᵉ année, n°67, 1982. La signalisation du discours, sous la direction de François Récanati . pp. 111-124

Le repérage temporel dans les textes narratifs

This paper is about the treatment of temporal referential expressions within the domain of man-machine communication, in which the problem is not only to allow the identification of the good referent to referential expressions, but also to account for the processes of changes of states, which supposes to have access to an ontology necessary for the possible reasonings on time.Vuillaume Marcel. Le repérage temporel dans les textes narratifs. In: Langages, 27ᵉ année, n°112, 1993. Temps, référence et inférence, sous la direction de Jacques Moeschler. pp. 92-105