Identifying the influence of airbag structure on driver injury during a crash using a dummy model

This study undertakes the analysis of collision scenario using a car model with a dummy and airbags, in the event of a direct collision with a hard wall, one of the necessary studies of passive safety. To describe in detail, the input conditions, a simulation problem of the driver's seat displacements was performed and this displacements data was exported as boundary conditions for the collision simulation. The results simulation crash show that the calculated energy values and simulation results are approximately the same (7.381E+07 and 7.367E+07), energy is converted from kinetic energy into internal energy of the elements. The airbag deployment simulation results are similar to NHTSA's previous research, both in terms of graph shape and maximum value. The impact of the collision incident on the driver is not excessively large, as evidenced by surveys on head (HIC 300), thigh (F 2.8 kN), and neck (F3,098 kN; T 190 Nm) injuries. However, the study proceeds to further analyze and assess the airbag's structure, examining its influence on these metrics, concluding that changes in the exhaust valve size (increase from 1000 mm2 to 2000 mm2) lead to a reduction in the evaluated parameters. These results suggest changes to the airbag structure to enhance driver safety, as well as a simpler simulation model to save analysis tim

ASSESSMENT OF GEOMORPHIC PROCESSES AND ACTIVE TECTONICS IN CON VOI MOUNTAIN RANGE AREA (NORTHERN VIETNAM) USING THE HYPSOMETRIC CURVE ANALYSIS METHOD

the Day Nui Con Voi (DNCV) area of Vietnam. For this purpose, a spatial database was collected and constructed, including DEM (Digital Elevation Model) and a geological map. The hypsometric curve (HC) analysis method and its statistical moments were adopted to use for the assessment. These methods have been widely used for the assessment of geomorphic processes and active tectonics in many areas in the world showing promising results. A total of 44 sub-basins of the Red River and the Chay river were analyzed. The result shows that 3 curve-types such as "straight- shape", "S- shape", and concave were found; with the concave curve being the dominant and widely distributed in the northeast side and in the south of the southwestern side of the study area. The hypsometric integral (HI) values are rather small with the largest value is 0.37 and the smallest one is 0.128. Other statistical moments of the hypsometric curve, i.e. skew (SK), kurtosis (KUR), and the density function (density skew - DSK and density kurtosis-DKUR) show great values, which increased in the south direction of the area study. Accordingly, recent active tectonics (uplift-lower) in the study area is generally weak; however, they are also not completely homogeneous and can be distinguished by different levels. The southwestern side is being lifted higher than the northeastern side. The northern part is being lifted larger than the southern part. In the region, the uplift activities were increased gradually in the Pliocene-Quaternary and could have stopped at certain time in the past. The current geomorphic processes are mainly headward erosion in the upstream.References Allen, C.R., Gillepie, A.R., Han, Y., Sieh, K.E., Zhu, C., 1984. 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The active faults and the maximum earthquakes of the Red River Fault zone in Lao Cai-Yen Bai area, Journal of Sciences of the Earth, Vol. 28, (2), 110-120 (In Vietnamese with English abstract).Ngo Van Liem, Phan Trong Trinh, Nguyen Van Huong, Nguyen Cong Quan, Tran Van Phong, Nguyen Phuc Dat, 2016. Analyze the correlation between the geomorphic indices and recent tectonic active of the Lo River fault zone in southwest of Tam Dao range. Vietnam Journal of Earth Sciences. Vol. 38, No. 1, 1-13 (In Vietnamese with English abstract).Nguyen Quoc Cuong., Zuchiewicz, W., Tokarski. A. K., 1999. Morphotectonic evidence for right-lateral normal slip in the Red River Fault Zone: insights from the study on Tam Dao fault scarp (Viet Nam), J. Geology, Seri B, 13-14, 57-59.Nguyen Xuan Nam, 2015. Quaternary Geology characteristics, present-day tectonic geomorphology of the Da river valley from HoaBinh to Viet Tri and correlation with geological hazards. Doctorate Thesis. 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Sous-vide behandling av Atlantisk sild med tilsetning av naturlige antioksidanter ekstrahert fra urter fra middelhavsområdet

Oregano-ekstrakt var den eneste antioksidant ekstraktet som viste potensiale til å forsinke lipidoksidasjonen i fisk under lagring. Oregano-ekstrakt hadde effektivitet til å forsinke lipidoksidasjon i fisk, mens olivenblad-ekstrakt, brennesle-ekstrakt og dill-ekstrakt ikke viste noen effekt på lipidoksidasjon. Peroksidverdier varierte mellom 3,56 – 36,95 meqO2/kg lipid under lagringsperioden. Noen sildeprøver lå under peroksidverdi grensen for akseptabilitet 5 meqO2/kg lipid og regnes som ikke harske, mens andre prøver som lå over grensen regnes som harske. Innholdet av konjugerte diener og konjugerte tetraener varierte henholdsvis mellom 7,68 – 14,53 mL/g, og mellom 1,40 – 5,83 mL/g. Tiobarbitursyre-reaktive-stoffer (TBARS) varierte mellom 1,47 – 13,15 µMol TBARS/g lipid. Alle prøver av sild hadde TBARS-verdier høyere enn TBARS-inntaksgrensen på 2 µMol TBARS/g lipid, utenom sildeprøver med tilsatt brennesle-ekstrakt fra dag 18 som var den eneste prøven som lå under TBARS-inntaksgrensen. Skift base verdier måler mengden av protein-lipid komplekser dannet mellom sekundære lipid oksidasjonsprodukter og proteiner i sildeprøver under lagring. Skift base verdien varierte mellom 0,31 – 0,88 mL/kg lipid under lagringstiden. Vanninnholdet varierte mellom 56,24 – 63,79% og askeinnholdet varierte mellom 0,57 – 1,62% av våtvekten i sild. Koketapet varierte mellom 4,25 – 12,24% og fettinnholdet varierte mellom 17,93 – 29,91% i sild. Ingen korrelasjoner ble funnet mellom vanninnhold og koketap. Total variasjonen av L*-verdier var mellom 63 – 75 CIE enheter, a*-verdier mellom -2,07 – 2,54 CIE enheter og b*-verdier mellom 14,67 – 18,66 CIE enheter. Ingen korrelasjoner ble funnet mellom L*-verdi og koketap. Ingen korrelasjoner ble funnet mellom a*-verdi og peroksidverdi, konjugerte diener, konjugerte tetraener og Skift baser. Ingen korrelasjoner ble funnet mellom b*-verdi og konjugerte diener, konjugerte tetraener, TBARS og Skift baser. Den eneste signifikante korrelasjonen mellom peroksidverdier og b*verdier ble funnet for sildeprøver med tilsatt olivenblad-ekstrakt som viste en signifikant (p < 0,05) korrelasjon (R = 0,70). Videre studier behøves for å studere innflytelsen av økt konsentrasjon av antioksidant ekstrakter på lipidoksidasjon stabilitet i fiskeprodukter. Alle sildeprøver er vurdert til å være i propageringsfasen. Etter 20-dagers lagring, er alle sildeprøver vurdert som harske

Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Orange-Footed Sea Cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa)—Effect of Different Enzymes on Protein Yield and Bioactivity

While sea cucumber is a food delicacy in Asia, these food resources are less exploited in Europe. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition and potential food applications of the less exploited orange-footed sea cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa). In particular, the antioxidative capacity and free amino acids associated with the umami flavor released by enzymatic hydrolyses by either Bromelain + Papain (0.36%, 1:1) or Alcalase (0.36%) were studied. Fresh C. frondosa contained approximately 86% water, and low levels of ash (<1%) and lipids (<0.5%). The protein content was 5%, with a high proportion of essential amino acids (43%) and thus comparable to the FAO reference protein. The high concentration of free amino acids associated with umami, sour, sweet, and bitter may contribute to flavor enhancement. Hydrolysis by Bromelain + Papain resulted in the highest protein yield, and the greatest concentration of free amino acids associated with umami and sour taste. All samples showed promising antioxidant capacity measured by FRAP, ABTS, DPPH and ORAC compared to previous reports. The inorganic arsenic concentration of fresh C. frondosa ranged from 2 to 8 mg/kg wet weight and was not affected by processing. This is comparable to other seafood and may exceed regulatory limits of consumption

Simulated Digestion of Red Sea Cucumber (<i>Parastichopus tremulus</i>): A Study of Protein Quality and Antioxidant Activity

Sea cucumbers from unharvested areas, are underutilized resources which may have the potential to become a future food resource. The aim of this study was to evaluate protein quality and investigate the changes in antioxidant activity from frozen and freeze-dried red sea cucumber (Parastichopus tremulus) subjected to digestion, using an in vitro digestion model. P. tremulus constituted high moisture content (90%), comparable protein (4%) and ash (4%) content, and low lipid (1%) content. The biochemical components in freeze-dried samples were largely retained during the freeze-drying process. Frozen samples showed significantly higher (p p P. tremulus constitutes good protein quality, performed antioxidant activity, and has the potential to be used as a flavor-enhancing ingredient

Community perspectives of hunting and conservation in north-central Vietnam

Biodiversity is in crisis in Vietnam due to persistent issues including food insecurity and demand for wildlife. Some existing conservation practices, such as preservationist forest protection models, have been shown to be ineffective, and forest-adjacent communities continue to be excluded from conservation decision-making, despite these communities’ potential to be powerful drivers of change. We conducted focus group discussions with minority ethnic group communities in north-central Vietnam, in the Nghe An Biodiversity Preserve. We discussed community perspectives on hunting wildlife and existing conservation processes, and ideas for improving livelihoods and safeguarding biodiversity. We found that all communities relied on hunting and harvesting wildlife for basic sustenance, but wanted to see wildlife stabilize and increase in their area. Across discussions, community members wanted to be able to participate and given a voice in conservation efforts. We suggest a first step in the NABP be the inclusion of community representatives in conservation management

Knowledge of common cancers among new-entry health science students in Japan and Vietnam

Abstract Background The incidence and mortality rates of cancer are rapidly increasing worldwide. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of common cancers among new-entry health science students in Japan and Vietnam, thereby providing insights for implementing appropriate medical educational interventions. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among new-entry health science students at Hiroshima University, Japan, and the University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. A printed predesigned questionnaire consisting of eleven questions was distributed to the participants during the freshmen health screening at the beginning of the academic year to assess their knowledge of cancer. Results A total of 2,748 new-entry health science students participated in the study, including 394 (14.3%) Japanese students and 2,354 (85.7%) Vietnamese students. Most cancer knowledge levels in Japanese students were significantly higher than those in Vietnamese students (p < 0.001), except for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection awareness. For this understanding, only 14.8% of Japanese students selected the correct answer, which was significantly lower than the 22.4% of Vietnamese students (p = 0.001). Both the Japanese and Vietnamese students had limited knowledge regarding the connection between HPV infection and cancer and the link between estrogen–progestogen menopausal therapy and breast cancer. Additionally, female students had better knowledge about breast, skin, and endometrial cancers than male students. Conclusions Japanese students generally exhibited higher levels of cancer knowledge than Vietnamese students, except for HPV infection recognition. Both groups had limited knowledge regarding the connection between HPV infection and cancer and the relationship between estrogen–progestogen menopausal therapy and breast cancer

The Effect of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes on the Thermal Conductivity and Cellular Size of Polyurethane Foam

Polyurethane (PU) foam is known as the popular material for the applications in many fields of industry and life. To improve the mechanical and thermal properties of this material, in this research, PU foam was reinforced with aniline-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Fourier transform infrared FTIR spectrum of modified MWCNTs showed the aniline was grafted on the surface of MWCNTs through the appearance of –NH2 stretches. The effect of MWCNTs with and without modification on the density, porosity, compressive strength, and heat conductivity of PU/MWCNT foam nanocomposites was investigated. The dispersibility of MWCNTs in the PU matrix was enhanced after modification with aniline. Compressive strength of PU nanocomposite reached the highest value after adding 3 wt.% of modified MWCNTs into PU foam. Besides, the water uptake of PU nanocomposites using 3 wt.% of MWCNTs was decreased to 13.4% as compared to that using unmodified MWCNTs. The improvement in thermal conductivity of PU/aniline-modified MWCNT nanocomposite was observed due to the change in the cellular size of PU foam in the presence of MWCNTs as shown by SEM images

Landslide detection with unmanned aerial vehicles

Abstract Landslide is one of the most dangerous disasters, especially for countries with large mountainous terrain. It causes a great damage to lives, infrastructure and environments, such as traffic congestion and high accidents. Therefore, automated landslide detection is an important task for warning and reducing its consequences such as blocked traffic or traffic accidents. For instance, people approaching the disaster area can adjust their routes to avoid blocked roads, or dangerous traffic signs can be positioned in time to warn the traffic participants to avoid the interrupted road ahead. This paper proposes a method to detect blocked roads caused by landslide by utilizing images captured from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). The proposed method comprises of three components: road segmentation, blocked road candidate extraction, and blocked road classification, which is leveraged by a multi-stage convolutional neural network model. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can surpass over several state-of-the art methods on our self-collected dataset of 400 images captured with an UAV