The system of tracking the position of the bucket excavator's wheel for prevention of risk situations

For companies doing business in mining mineral deposits, ensuring safe work is one of the key tasks (Safety First!). One of the important trends in this area is prevention and endeavour to forestall risk situations. Risks need to be searched, technically described, spatially defined, evaluated and categorized by degree of risk. Complex geological and stability conditions can be one of the sources of persistent and significant risks, which are mainly landslides and rockslides threatening both mining equipment and employees. The problem described in this article and its solution concerns the Most Basin (formerly the North Bohemian Lignite Basin). This is a tertiary basin that was founded in the Oligocene. The main mineral is lignite and mining takes place on the surface. The main excavating machinery in the surface lignite quarries in Europe (Czech Republic, Germany, Poland) is the bucket wheel excavator.Web of Science15328727

New possibilities of calculating the volumes of extracted masses in the surface mining of brown coal

The companies engaged in brown coal mining are looking for ways of managing the mining process as efficiently as possible. The principal mining technology used for brown coal mining in our country, but also in Germany and Poland, are wheel excavators. The evolving GNSS technology has enabled designing and realisation of systems for determining the spatial position of the excavator wheel. The visualisation of the wheel's spatial position and tracking of its real-time motion is performed in the Czech Republic by the program Mine Model developed by the company KVASoftware. One of the most important tasks of mine surveyors is the calculation of the volumes of the extracted masses. The described system performs this task in real-time. This article describes an application that is used to automate volume calculations

Documentation of landslides and inaccessible parts of a mine using an unmanned uav system and methods of digital terrestrial photogrammetry

Quite a big boom has recently been experienced in the technology of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). In conjunction with dense matching system, it gives one a powerful tool for the creation of digital terrain models and orthophotomaps. This system was used for the documentation of landslides and inaccessible parts of the Nástup Tušimice mine in the North Bohemian Brown Coal Basin (Czech Republic). The images were taken by the GATEWING X100 unmanned system that automatically executed photo flights an area of interest. For detailed documentation of selected parts of the mine, we used the method of digital terrestrial photogrammetry. The main objective was to find a suitable measurement technology for operational targeting of landslides and inaccessible parts of the mine, in order to prepare the basics for remediation work

The testing of photoscan 3D object modelling software

The paper presents triangulation-based accuracy test procedures for PhotoScan 3D modelling software with automatic features including camera station identification, point cloud construction and the generation of polygon networks and polygon net textures. The process starts with establishing the camera resolutions. Then, internal orientation elements of the cameras are established by means of different calibration techniques and comparisons between them are made. 3D models are then tested using diverse model generation parameters and different configurations of sets of images including how each type of calibration affects the resulting 3D model accuracy. To conclude, 3D model accuracy is compared with geodesic surveying results

Photogrammetric documentation of Czechoslovak border fortifications at Hlučín-Darkovičky

The Institute of Geodesy and Mine Surveying of the Technical University Ostrava makes photogrammetric surveying of major built objects in the Moravian-Silesian region. The focus of the present study is on special monuments that form integral parts of regional history and make outstanding landmarks. Terrestrial photogrammetry was used as the surveying methods used. The primary goal of photogrammetric surveying is to identify geometric shapes and to create visualisations of objects. Photogrammetric surveying provides valuable documentary data for uses in the areas of the history of architecture and technical research as well as for renovations and advertising campaigns. Our 3D models were created by using terrestrial digital photogrammetry

Methodology devising for bucket-wheel excavator surveying by laser scanning method to determine its main geometrical parameters

The application of laser scanning techniques to bucket-wheel excavator surveying seeks primarily to determine the machines’ key geometric parameters and to establish realistic mathematical descriptions of their movement dynamics in 3D space. The data will be used to visualize excavator movement and to control the coal extraction process in real time. The measurements take place at Doly Nástup Opencast Coal Mine, Tušimice, North-Bohemian Lignite Coal Field, Czech Republic. GNSS technology and inclinometric measurements are used to calculate 3D positions of the bucket-wheel excavators. The data is transferred to the research team workplace and stored in a database. KVAS software is used to visualise the bucket-wheel excavators and their 3D movements in real time

The raw material potential of the Czech Republic

This article summarizes the information on raw materials in the Czech Republic. Although mining was significantly reduced not long ago, there are still rich deposits of ores, non-metallic raw materials, as well as energetic and construction ones. Many of them are potentially utilizable in future, especially those which are economically favorable, and their mining is not in any conflict with environmental interests. Deposits are distributed irregularly, and their raw materials are different in both the Bohemian Massif and Western Carpathians. In order to be complete, the text also comprises deposits, which are restricted by environmental limits or their mining promises a low-cost effectiveness. The article is amended with actual statistical data

Sledování a řízení těžební technologie na hnědouhelných lomech měřickými metodami

Dobývání hnědého uhlí je v České republice, i přes výrazný pokles těžby v posledních dvaceti letech, stále významným oborem. V roce 2012 bylo vytěženo 43,7 mil. tun hnědého uhlí. Spolehlivé dodávky domácího hnědého uhlí jsou stabilizujícím prvkem české energetiky a významná je jeho úloha v teplárenství. V současné době je těžba hnědého uhlí v České republice soustředěna do několika velkolomů v Severočeské hnědouhelné pánvi a Sokolovské pánvi a probíhá ve stále složitějších báňsko-geologických i ekonomických podmínkách. Hnědouhelné společnosti proto hledají další možnosti, jak lépe monitorovat, kontrolovat, plánovat a následně řídit postupy kolesových rýpadel a celý těžební proces tak technicky i ekonomicky zefektivňovat. V Severočeských dolech a.s. byl v roce 2006 stanoven úkol navrhnout a realizovat na kolesových rýpadlech takový systém, který tyto cíle naplní a to prostřednictvím systému, který bude polohu kolesa rýpadla monitorovat v reálném čase. Pro pilotní projekt bylo vybráno rýpadlo K 800/N1/103, kde byl systém pro výpočet prostorové polohy středu osy kolesa realizován jako první v České republice. Kromě zajištění technické spolehlivosti systému bylo nejdůležitější dosáhnout požadované přesnosti určování polohy a výšky středu osy kolesa. Proběhl výzkum, který přesnosti ověřil, a byla navržena doporučení pro její další zvýšení. Tato práce shrnuje vlastní dílčí vědecké práce a závěry do uceleného materiálu a může sloužit jako metodický postup pro návrh systému. Systém je v současnosti (2014) nasazen a využíván na šesti rypadlech na Dolech Nástup Tušimice, devíti rypadlech na Dolech Bílina a deseti na lomu Jiří (Sokolovská uhelná, právní nástupce, a.s.). Významně ovlivňuje dosud zažitou praxi při řízení těžby hnědého uhlí a zcela nově zajišťuje i určitý segment důlně měřických prací při lomovém dobýváníBrown coal mining in the Czech Republic, despite a significant decline in production in the last twenty years is still an important field. In 2012, 43.7 million tons of coal was extracted. Reliable supplies of domestic coal are a stabilizing element in the Czech energy industry and its role in the heating industry is significant. Currently, mining of brown coal in the Czech Republic is centred around several open-cast mines in the North Bohemian brown coal basin and the Sokolov Basin and takes place in increasingly complex mining, geological and economic conditions. Brown coal companies are therefore looking for alternative ways to better monitor, control, plan and then follow-up with the procedures of bucket wheel excavators and the entire mining process so as to be technically, as well as economically streamlined. In Severočeské doly in 2006, there was se the task of designing and implementing a system on bucket-wheel excavators that fulfils these goals and through this system, to enable monitoring of excavators` position in real time. For the pilot project, excavator K 800/N1/103 was selected, where the system to calculate the spatial position of the center axis of the wheel was first implemented in the Czech Republic. In addition to providing technical reliability of the system, it was most important to achieve the required precise positioning and height of the center of the wheel axis. Research, which led to verification of accuracy was carried out and the recommendations to improvements were proposed. This paper summarizes our own particular scientific work and findings into comprehensive material and car serve as a guideline for system design. The system is currently (2014) deployed and used on 6 excavators at Libouš mine and 9 excavators at Bílina mine and 10 at Jiří mine. It significantly affects current practices in the management of brown coal and newly ensures a certain segment of mine surveying work in extractionPrezenční542 - Institut hornického inženýrství a bezpečnostiNeuveden

3D laser scanning of mining machines at Nastup Tusimice mine in the Czech Republic

3D laser scanning of bucket wheel excavators is useful in identifying key geometric parameters and in the creation of mathematical models. Thus, a compact and highly accurate 3D point model of a bucket wheel excavator was obtained. The evaluation consisted of vectorising their important features. These data were used to visualise the spatial position of excavators and track their movements in real time. Knowing the position of excavators, particularly the displacement of the bucket wheel relative to the digital terrain model (opencast mine), coupled with the geological model is important for mine management and calculation of volumes of extracted materials in real time. The 3D laser scanning measurements were carried out at Severočeské Doly mines.Web of Science281756

Real-time positioning of equipment and material tracking of waste streams in surface coal mining – a case study

The primary objective of the case study is to improve monitoring, controlling, planning and managing the extraction processes in surface lignite mining. Under the North Bohemian Lignite Basin (also Most Basin) conditions and the Sokolov Basin, wheeled excavators are deployed as the main technology for extracting coal and overlying rock. Their real-time spatial position can be tracked based on data from GNSS technology, inclinometers, and incremental rotary encoders. The measured data is sent to a remote server and stored in the database. It also serves to calculate volumes of extracted masses. Volume calculation, space position visualisation, and wheel boom movements are performed in KVASoftware. It is a program designed for modelling and designing quarries. Knowing the position of the wheel against the digital terrain (quarry), the model is essential for the implementation of many risk-elimination applications, namely with respect to the geological conditions, occupational safety, observance of the profile grade line, the area of extraction, qualitative parameters of the raw material, etc. The mathematical model of backfilling extracted materials is also an integral part of the above-mentioned system