Norwegian Farmed Salmon: A Commodity in Need of Differentiation?

Despite much innovation and development in the Norwegian salmon industry, the focus has largely been on building volume and reducing costs. Limited attention has been paid to develop value added products and differentiation strategies in Norway to reap stable profits associated with such strategies. In depth-interviews with a supply chain containing Norwegian salmon producers, one exporter and one feed producer, industrial buyers representing two Polish processing companies and two German retailers, aimed to provide insight into why more differentiation is not happening in the Norwegian salmon industry. Results from this supply chain reveals lack of communication and asymmetric power-dependence relations between the Norwegian salmon business actors and their industrial buyers.publishedVersio

Consumer’s perception and acceptance of lumpfish used in salmon cages

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Extending the Market Orientation Approach - The Case of Live Seafood

Live seafood is becoming increasingly popular in global markets. Seafood is one of the most important industries in Norway, and live crustacea is an increasingly important international marketing channel. King crab pioneered this trend in crustacea, now followed by emergent supplies of snow crab. As a new species, for Norway, snow crab is considered to have significant potential. In order to obtain optimal value creation of these crab species, market orientation is essential. Market orientation - a firms' ability to generate, disseminate and respond to market intelligence - is a critical prerequisite for creating competitive advantage. Hitherto, market orientation has been viewed mainly from a dyadic perspective (seller and potential customers). However, as companies interact in value chains in creating value for the end-user it is arguably important to include the whole value chain in the market orientation perspective. Different levels in the value chain necessarily require new arrangements for diffusion of market intelligence and coordination of responsiveness among chain members. Customers of Norwegian companies selling live crab in selected markets (Korea and USA) are used as the case. This enables exploration of market orientation from a larger-scale perspective, including not only companies' internal resources, external factors such as markets and competitors but also the wider dynamic contexts of resource management parameters and trade policy inter alia. It is posited that only by consideration of this broader set of criteria will a more accurate understanding of company's market orientation be possible, potential constraints identified and solutions be  planned for implementation.Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, held July 11-15, 2016 at Aberdeen Exhibition and Conference Center (AECC), Aberdeen, Scotland, UK

Markedstest av oppdrettstorsk i England og Italia – Britiske og italienske kokkers oppfattelse av oppdrettstorsk fra Norge

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Læreres kunnskaper og mestringsforventninger tilknyttet stamming

Masteroppgave i logopediLOGO345MAPS-LOG0

Nye metoder for bedre holdbarhet og mer miljøvennlig transport av lakseprodukter, faglig sluttrapport

Resultatene i dette prosjektet viser at det er fullt mulig å senke klimautslippet knyttet til transport av norsk laks. Ved å gå over til eksport av fryst laks med båt til markeder som i dag får fersk fisk transportert med fly, eller eksportere subkjølt laks til markeder som betjenes med enten lastebil eller fly, så kan man få store reduksjoner i klimautslipp. Subkjølt laks til Europa har også blitt vist å kunne gi store innsparinger i transport- og emballasjekostnader. Videre er det vist at laks som fryses og tines riktig har kvalitetsegenskaper som er sammenlignbare med fersk laks. Markedsundersøkelsene viste at overgangen til fryst og tint laks ikke nødvendigvis er enkel. Det ble pekt på en preferanse for fersk laks i USA og Japan, samt at forbrukerne ikke var villig til å betale like mye for frossen som fersk laks. Det finnes imidlertid et segment forbrukere som ønsker laks med lavt karbonavtrykk, og dette segmentet er interessant å se videre på.publishedVersio

Russian consumers' food habits. Results from a qualitative study in Moscow

This study is a part of an ongoing three year project aimed at exploring end explaining Russian consumers’ meal structures, consumers’ relative preferences, motives for food choice and the consumers’ perceptions of risks and benefits with foods (with an emphasis on herring). A main point is also to uncover any differences between younger and older generations. We choose to mix qualitative and quantitative methods in the main project. This report is a description of the qualitative part. Qualitative interviews were conducted amongst 21 women in Moscow who were chosen from two age groups, under 30 years and 50 years or older, in order to uncover possible differences in preferences and meal patterns. The purpose of the study was to discover different meal patterns, preferences for herring and possible substitutes, and to explore consumer motivations for food choice. The findings will be used as an input for the design of a survey with larger samples in chosen cities in Russia. The study revealed that three meals per day is quite common in Moscow: breakfast, dinner (or lunch) and supper. The younger women tend to have lighter meals compared to the older generation, and they have adopted “exotic” foods like sushi. They also tend to go to cafés, which is not very common amongst the older women. Concern for weight is common for both groups. Many of the subjects try to avoid food that is fattening, and most of the women in the study seem to equate slimness with being healthy. Fish and herring are not mentioned when discussing Russian traditions, and herring is not mentioned in eating patterns. But when asked, everybody reports eating and liking herring, even the younger people. This would suggest that herring is not consumed very often by most of the subjects. Herring is mostly consumed for supper (salted herring with potatoes and onions) or for special occasions as an appetiser. The possible substitutes are thus numerous. Price, familiarity of products, natural content of food and weight control seem to be the most important motives when choosing food. Avoiding additives and e-ingredients seems to be a very common goal for the women. Health is also an important motive, and the subjects reported many healthy and unhealthy foods. They were, however, surprisingly little aware of why some foods are healthy or risky.Russian consumers' food habits. Results from a qualitative study in MoscowpublishedVersio

An Integrated Economic Sociology Approach to Market-as-Network: The Example of a Shared Business Environment between Norway and China

This study applies an economic sociology perspective in exploring the importance of cultural embeddedness of firm economic activities across borders. The qualitative empirical findings of this study show that market-as-network interrelationships will become increasingly important in forming resilient business networks. The findings are data driven and uses the seafood trade and its shared business environments between Norway and China as case example. The empirical findings of this study show that market-as-network, and actor-to-actor interrelationships will become increasingly important in forming resilient business networks. It also illustrates how economic sociology can provide a holistic framework of analysis in studying cultural embeddedness.publishedVersio

Personlighet og jobbtilfredshet : en kunnskapsoppsummering av teori og empiri

Tidligere forskning har vist at det er en forbindelse mellom personlighet og jobbtilfredshet, til tross for at dette forskningsområdet har vært preget av stridigheter. Formålet med denne oppgaven var å foreta en kunnskapsoppsummering av teori som kan belyse, og forskning som undersøker sammenhengen mellom personlighet og jobbtilfredshet. En annen problemstilling i denne oppgaven er å presentere teori, som er relevant i forhold til å forklare de personlighetsmessige ulikhetene med hensyn til jobbtilfredshet, og i den forbindelse vil følgende emner bli tematisert: (1) Hvorfor reagerer mennesker forskjellig på hendelser i arbeidslivet? og (2) Hvilke medierende psykologiske prosesser er sentrale? Deretter vil det bli en avsluttende diskusjon og søkelyset blir rettet mot begrensninger ved forskningen og implikasjoner for framtidig forskning. Resultatene viste at jobbtilfredshet hadde noen av de sterkeste negative korrelasjonene med neagtiv affekt (-.33) og nevrotisisme i fem-faktor modellen (-.29). På den andre siden viste det seg at jobbtilfredshet hadde sterke positive korrelasjoner med positiv affekt (.49), utadventhet (.25), samvittighetsfull (.26) og trekkene i primær selvevaluering hvor korrelasjonene varierte fra .45 (mestringstro) til .24 (emosjonell stabilitet). Det ble konkludert med at for framtidig forsking på dette området, så virker det spesielt nyttig å undersøke nærmere personlighetstrekkene i fem- faktor modellen og primær selvevaluering. Et alternativ for å integrere de to modellene kan være å slå sammen trekkene i primær selvevaluering under begrepet nevrotisisme i fem- faktor modellen