Effect of Calcium and Phosphorus Sources and Levels in Growing-Finishing Swine Diets

A shortage of phosphorus supplements existed in early 1974 and this experiment was conducted to study the effect of supplying all of the supplementary phosphorus in the diet with the use of meat and bone meals containing 4% phosphorus, 8% calcium and 50% protein. Calcium and phosphorus levels were also evaluated using ratios of calcium to phosphorus of 1.2:1, 1:1 and 1:1.25

Feed Additives in Swine Diets

An experiment was conducted at the Cornbelt Research and Extension Center near Beresford, South Dakota, to determine the effectiveness of Mecadox and other feed additives fed for a 5-week period, to study the effect of withdrawal of feed additives at this time on future growth performance and to study the effect of the antibiotic tylosin when fed during the finishing period

Blood Meal in Diets for Growing-Finishing Pigs

The experiment reported herein was conducted to obtain information on the value of ring dried blood meal, a process that subjects the meal to less severe heat during the drying process

The Effects of Feed Additives in Swine Diets

This experiment was conducted exactly as the previous one to obtain further data on the effectiveness of feed additives fed for a 5-week period, the effect of withdrawal of feed additives after 5 weeks on future performance and the effect of the antibiotic tylosin when fed during the finishing period

Effect of Various Levels of Blood Meal in Swine Diets

This experiment was conducted to obtain additional data on the value of ring dried blood meal in growing-finishing diets for swine and also to study levels of 4, 6 and 8% blood meal in the diet when added to replace an equivalent amount of protein supplied by soybean meal

Effect of Environment and Feeding Antibacterial Compounds During Early Growth on Performance on Growing-Finishing Pigs

The objectives of this experiment were to study the value of several anti-microbial agents as feed additives when included in the diet of young weaned pigs for approximately 5 weeks and to compare the performance of pigs fed in an enclosed confinement building with those fed in an outside, open-front building

Why Add Vitamin Supplements to Diets of Growing-Finishing Pigs

A great deal of variation appears to exist in the amount of supplemental vitamins that are added to diets for growing-finishing pigs. Many pigs are fed diets that do not contain any supplemental vitamins, others receive diets containing levels of vitamins that meet the recommendations of the National Research Council (NRC) and still others are fed diets containing levels of vitamins considerably higher that the NRC recommended levels. This experiment was conducted to determine the value, if any, of recommended and excess levels of vitamins in growing-finishing pig diets

Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring for Endoscopic Endonasal Approaches to the Skull Base: A Technical Guide.

Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring during endoscopic, endonasal approaches to the skull base is both feasible and safe. Numerous reports have recently emerged from the literature evaluating the efficacy of different neuromonitoring tests during endonasal procedures, making them relatively well-studied. The authors report on a comprehensive, multimodality approach to monitoring the functional integrity of at risk nervous system structures, including the cerebral cortex, brainstem, cranial nerves, corticospinal tract, corticobulbar tract, and the thalamocortical somatosensory system during endonasal surgery of the skull base. The modalities employed include electroencephalography, somatosensory evoked potentials, free-running and electrically triggered electromyography, transcranial electric motor evoked potentials, and auditory evoked potentials. Methodological considerations as well as benefits and limitations are discussed. The authors argue that, while individual modalities have their limitations, multimodality neuromonitoring provides a real-time, comprehensive assessment of nervous system function and allows for safer, more aggressive management of skull base tumors via the endonasal route

Mobile satellite propagation measurements and modeling: A review of results for systems engineers

An overview of Mobile Satellite Service (MSS) propagation measurements and modeling is intended as a summary of current results. While such research is on-going, the simple models presented here should be useful to systems engineers. A complete summary of propagation experiments with literature references is also included

Brain charts for the human lifespan

Over the past few decades, neuroimaging has become a ubiquitous tool in basic research and clinical studies of the human brain. However, no reference standards currently exist to quantify individual diferences in neuroimaging metrics over time, in contrast to growth charts for anthropometric traits such as height and weight1 . Here we assemble an interactive open resource to benchmark brain morphology derived from any current or future sample of MRI data (http://www.brainchart.io/). With the goal of basing these reference charts on the largest and most inclusive dataset available, acknowledging limitations due to known biases of MRI studies relative to the diversity of the global population, we aggregated 123,984 MRI scans, across more than 100 primary studies, from 101,457 human participants between 115 days post-conception to 100 years of age. MRI metrics were quantifed by centile scores, relative to non-linear trajectories2 of brain structural changes, and rates of change, over the lifespan. Brain charts identifed previously unreported neurodevelo pmental milestones3 , showed high stability of individuals across longitudinal assessments, and demonstrated robustness to technical and methodological diferences between primary studies. Centile scores showed increased heritability compared with non-centiled MRI phenotypes, and provided a standardized measure of atypical brain structure that revealed patterns of neuroanatomical variation across neurological and psychiatric disorders. In summary, brain charts are an essential step towards robust quantifcation of individual variation benchmarked to normative trajectories in multiple, commonly used neuroimaging phenotypes