An experiment was conducted at the Cornbelt Research and Extension Center near Beresford, South Dakota, to determine the effectiveness of Mecadox and other feed additives fed for a 5-week period, to study the effect of withdrawal of feed additives at this time on future growth performance and to study the effect of the antibiotic tylosin when fed during the finishing period

Libal, George W.

Luther, Richard M.

Vogel, Alan

Wahlstrom, Richard C.

English

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South Dakota State UniversityOpen PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access InstitutionalRepository and Information ExchangeSouth Dakota Swine Field Day Proceedings andResearch Reports, 1973 Animal Science Reports1973Feed Additives in Swine DietsRichard C. WahlstromSouth Dakota State UniversityGeorge W. LibalAlan VogelRichard M. LutherFollow this and additional works at: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/sd_swine_1973This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Animal Science Reports at Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access InstitutionalRepository and Information Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in South Dakota Swine Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1973 byan authorized administrator of Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. For moreinformation, please contact michael.biondo@sdstate.edu.Recommended CitationWahlstrom, Richard C.; Libal, George W.; Vogel, Alan; and Luther, Richard M., "Feed Additives in Swine Diets" (1973). South DakotaSwine Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1973. Paper 8.http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/sd_swine_1973/8South Dakota S tate Univers ity Brookings , S outh Dakota Department of Animal S cience Agricultural Experiment Station Feed Additives in Swine Diets A . S. Series 73-44 Richard C .  Wahls trom , George W .  Libal , Alan Vogel and Richard M .  Luther The use of antib iotics and synthetic antib acterial compounds for therapy and p revention of bacterial diseases as we ll as their use for growth promotion of swine is well known . There is a cons tant search for new compounds , particularly those not used for humans , that will satisfy the needs of the swine producer . This pas t  year a new syn thetic antibacterial agent has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration . This compound is carbadox and is marke ted under the t rade name of Mecadox . This compound has a withdrawal time of 10 weeks; therefore , it  is recommended to be fed only to a weight of 75 pounds . An experiment was conducted at the Cornbelt Research and Extens ion Center near Beresford , South Dakota,  to determine the effectiveness of Mecadox and other feed additives fed for a 5-week period , to study the effect of withdrawal of feed additives at this time on future growth perf ormance and to study the effect of the antibiotic tylosin when fed during the finishing period . Experimen tal P ro cedure Ninety pigs were allotted to three rep lications of five treatments for the initial 5-week s tudy . Each of the 15 lots consis ted of three barrows and three gilts . Initial weigh ts varied among rep licates and were app roxima tely 33, 25 and 19  lb . for repli cates 1 ,  2 and 3, respectively . The pigs were house d in a total confinement building in pens 5 feet by 16 feet . The pigs were self-fed the basal die t  shown in table 1 .  The feed additives that were included in the basal ration for the five treatments were as follows: 1 .  No additive ( control) 2 .  5 0  g Mecadox per ton 3 .  1 00 g furazolidone ( Furox) per ton 4. 100 g furazolidone , 100 g oxytetracycline and 9 0  g arsanilic acid ( FOA) per ton 5 .  100 g ch lortetracycline , 100 g s ulfamethazine and 50 g penicillin (ASP-250) per ton . After 5 weeks on the above die ts the pigs were reallo tted within treatmen ts from the three replicate lots of six pigs to two replicate lots of ei ght pigs each . One barrow and one gilt were removed from each of the five treatments in order to eq ualize numb ers in all rep licates due to the loss of four pigs during the previous 5-week treatment period . One lo t of pigs from each of the five previous t reatments was fed the bas al diet and the other lot received the basal diet supplemented wi th 20 g of tylos in per ton of die t .  This part of the experimen t was conducted for 84 days . The average final weight of pigs was approximately 185 pounds . 27 - 2 -Results � ��  T ab le 2 summarizes the growth performance of pigs during the initial 5-week period . The data are p resented for each rep licate to show differences observed due to differences in initial weights . There were significan t  (P< . 0 1) differences in average daily gains . All of the pigs fed the various feed additives grew at a fas ter rate than those fed the basal die t .  Increases in gain were 9 ,  20 , 20 and 27% when p igs we re fed Furox , Mecadox , FOA or ASP-250, respectively . A significant diff erence in rates of gain was also observed between rep licates as the heavier pigs grew at the fas tes t rate . Rate of gains for the 5-week period were 1 . 3 1 ,  1 . 09 and 0 . 94 lb . per day for pigs having ini tial weights of 33 , 25 and 19 lb . ,  respectively . An average of about 0 . 3  lb . more feed was consumed daily by pigs fed the various feed addi tives than was consumed by pigs fed the basal die t .  There also was a significant (P< . 0 1) difference in feed consump tion between replicates . Feed/ gain was not sign ificantly different , although pigs fed FOA , ASP-250 or Mecadox were more efficient in fee d  conversion than those pigs fed the basal diet or the Furox­supplemented die t .  The results of the second phase of this experiment ,  involving feeding tylos in to pigs that had b een fed the various feed addi tives for a 5-week period as dis cussed previously , is shown in tab le 3 .  There were n o  s ignifican t  differences in daily gains , although pigs fed tylosin gained 0 . 0 7  lb . per day faster than those fed the basal diet . Pigs fed tylos in gained fas ter when they received a feed addi tive in their diet during the ini tial 5-week period than did pigs fed tylosin following a nonaddi tive die t .  When the feed additive was removed from the diet after 5 weeks , there was no carry-over effect of the addi tive on rate of gain excep t for pigs that had received ASP-250 previous ly . These pigs gained about 0 . 1 5 lb . per day fas ter than the other pigs fed the basal diets from 6 6  to 1 86 pounds . Of the pigs receiving tylos in, the fas tes t gains were also by those pigs fed ASP-250 p reviously . Previous t reatment affected feed consumption during the final period . More feed was consumed daily by pigs that had previous ly been fed feed containing FOA or ASP-250 . This might have been due , in part at leas t ,  to the fact that thes e pigs were heavier when placed on these diets and continued to gain fas ter . Thus , an increase in feed consump tion would be expected . S ignifican tly less feed per gain was required by pigs fed tylos in during the final 84-day period . Pigs fed tylosin required only 3 . 09 lb . of feed per lb . of gain compared to 3 . 33 lb . of feed for those pigs fed the bas al die t .  Summary Nin ety weanling pigs were used in an experiment to s tudy the effects of feeding furazolidone , Mecadox , a furazolidone-oxytetracycline-arsanilic acid ( FOA) mixture and a chlortetracycline-sulfamethazine-penicillin (ASP-250) mixture for 5 weeks . Eighty of these pigs were then reallot ted to s tudy the effect of the previous treatmen t on the response of pigs to tylosin . The expe riment was terminated af ter 84 days on these die ts when the pigs averaged 1 86 pounds . 2 8  - 3 -A significant improvement in gain was ob served during the initial 5-week period when feed additives were included in the diet . Pigs fed the diets containing additives consumed more feed daily and were more efficient in feed convers ion excep t for the pigs fed Furox . Pigs fed tylosin gained slightly fas ter and required significan tly less feed/gain than pigs fed the basal diet during the period from 66 to 186 pounds . Pigs fed ASP-250 during the ini tial 5-week period continued to gain fas ter during the final 84-day period even when fed the basal diet , indicating a carry-over eff ect of this additive . Table 1 .  Composition of Basal Diets ( Percen t) Ground yellow corn Soyb ean meal ( 44%) Dicalcium phosphate Ground l imes tone T race min eral sal t  ( 0 . 8% zinc) Vitamin premixa Firs t 5 weeks 7 6 . 5  20 . 7  1 . 6  0 . 5 0 . 5  0 . 2  5 wk . to 125 lb . 82 . 5  14 . 8  1 . 5  0 . 5  0 . 5  0 . 2  125 to 200 lb . 88 . 7  8 . 9  1 . 2  0 . 5  0 . 5  0 . 2  a Provided per lb . of die t: vitamin A ,  1500 IU; vitamin D ,  200 IU; riboflavin , 1 . 25 mg; pantothenic acid,  5 mg; niacin , 1 0  mg; choline , 50 mg and vi tamin B 12 , 7.5 mcg . 29 - 4 -Table 2 .  Growth Perf ormance of Pigs Fed Feed Additives for a Five Week Period a Repl icate Control Mecadox Fur ox FOA A.SP-250 average Average dail� gain2 lb . b Rep 1 1 . 0 9  1 . 36 1 . 34 1 . 36 1 . 40 1 . 3 1 Rep 2 0 . 9 5  1 . 15 0 . 9 7  1 . 12 1 . 29 1 . 09 Rep 3 0 . 8 7 0 . 96 0 . 87 1 . 02 1 . 00 0 . 9 4 Avg . 0 . 9 7  1 . 16 1 . 0 6  1 . 1 6 1 . 23 Avg . dail� feed consumed 2 lb • c Rep 1 2 . 95 3 . 22 3 . 38 3 . 28 3 . 1 8 3 . 20 Rep 2 2 . 39 3 . 03 2 . 47 2 . 80 2 . 9 2 2 .  72 Rep 3 2 . 0 8  2 .0 7 2 . 45 2 . 16 2 . 33 2 . 22 Avg . 2 . 47 2 .  7 7  2 . 77 2 . 74 2 . 8 1 Feed/gain Rep 1 2 .  7 1  2 . 36 2 . 53 2 . 4 1 2 . 2 7  2 . 46 Rep 2 2 . 50 2 . 66 2 . 5 3 2 . 50 2 . 2 7  2 . 49 Rep 3 2 . 39 2 . 15 2 . 79 2 . 14 2 . 32 2 . 36 Avg . 2 . 53 2 . 39 2 . 62 2 . 35 2 . 29 �ix pigs per lot , avg . ini tial wt . ,  33 , 25 and 19  lb . for replicates 1 ,  2 and 3 ,  respectively . bsign ificant t reatment and replicate di fferences (P< . 0 1 ) . cS ignificant replicate diff erences (P< . 0 1) . 30 - 5 -Tab le 3 .  E ffect of Tylosin on Growth Performance of Pigsa Previous Replicate t reatment Control Mecadox Fur ox FOA ASP-250 average Average dail! gain2 lb . Bas al diet 1 . 36  1 . 35 1 . 3 3  1 . 40 1 . 5 3  1 . 39 Tylosin ( 20 g/ton) 1 . 38 1 . 46 1 . 4 3  1 . 50 1 . 54 1 . 4 6  Avg . 1 . 37  1 . 40 1 . 38 1 . 45 1 . 5 3  Avg . dail! feed consumed2 lb . b Basal diet 4 . 5 1 4 . 46 4 . 37 4 . 9 0  5 . 0 4  4 . 66 Tylosin ( 20 g/ton) 4 . 26 4 . 39 4 . 29 4 . 9 3  4 . 72 4 . 52 Avg . 4 . 38 4 . 45 4 . 33 4 . 92 4 . 88 Feed/gainc Bas al die t 3 . 34 3 . 24 3 . 28 3 . 50 3 . 30 3 . 33 Tylos in ( 20 g/ton)  3 . 09 3 . 00 3 . 0 1  3 . 27 3 . 08 3 . 09 Avg .  3 . 20 3 . 1 7 3 . 15 3 . 39 3 . 19 aEight pigs per lot , avg . ini tial wt . ,  66 lb., avg . final wt . ,  186  lb . bsign ificant (P< . 0 1)  difference due to p revious t reatmen t . cS ignificant (P< . 0 1) difference due to tylosin . 31 

Feed Additives in Swine Diets

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Feed Additives in Swine Diets

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